scholarly journals Sleep disturbance and work-related mental strain: A national prospective cohort study of the prediction of subsequent long-term sickness absence, disability pension and mortality

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 888-895
Author(s):  
Torbjörn Åkerstedt ◽  
Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz ◽  
Syed Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Work Disability ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
Mental Strain ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Synergy Effects

Aims: Sleep disturbances and work-related mental strain are linked to increased sickness absence and disability pension (DP), but we have no information on synergy effects. The aim of this study was to examine the combined (and separate) association of the two predictors with subsequent long-term work disability and mortality. Methods: A total of 45,498 participants aged 16–64 years were interviewed in the Swedish Surveys of Living Conditions between 1997 and 2013, and were followed up on long-term sickness absence (LTSA; >90 days/year), DP and mortality via national registers until 2016. Crude and multivariable Cox analyses were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: For LTSA, the HRs for sleep disturbances and work-related mental strain were 1.6 (95% CI 1.5–1.7) and 1.3 (95% CI 1.2–1.4), respectively. For DP, the HRs were 2.0 (95% CI 1.8–2.2) and 1.4 (95% CI 1.2–1.5). Mortality was only predicted by sleep disturbances (HR=1.2, 95% CI 1.1–1.4). No synergy effect was seen. Conclusions: Work-related mental strain and, in particular, sleep disturbances were associated with a higher risk of subsequent LTSA and DP, but without synergy effects. Sleep disturbances were also associated with mortality. Exposure to interventions tackling sleep disturbance and prevention of workplace stress may reduce work disability.

Determinants of work disability following lumbar spine decompression surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mo Wang ◽  
Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz ◽  
Thomas E. Dorner ◽  
Konstantinos A. Pazarlis ◽  
Annina Ropponen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lumbar Spine ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Work Disability ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Lumbar Fusion ◽  
Decompression Surgery ◽  
Preoperative Pain ◽  
Hazard Ratios

Aims: Scientific knowledge about risk factors for work disability in terms of long-term sickness absence and disability pension following lumbar spine decompression surgery remains insufficient. This study aimed to investigate the associations between socio-demographic, work-related, and medical characteristics with subsequent long-term sickness absence (>90 days) and disability pension for individuals who underwent lumbar spine decompression surgery. Methods: A prospective cohort study of all individuals aged 19–60 years with diagnosed dorsopathies, who underwent lumbar spine decompression surgery 2008–10 in Sweden ( n=7373) was performed. Univariate and multivariate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals regarding long-term sickness absence and disability pension with a 3-year follow-up period were estimated by Cox proportional regression. Results: Low educational level, being a non-European immigrant and preoperative sickness absence were risk factors for both long-term sickness absence and disability pension (hazard ratios: 1.2–3.8). Female sex was a risk factor for long-term sickness absence (hazard ratios: 1.3) whereas age >44 years and being a Nordic immigrant were risk factors for disability pension (hazard ratios: 1.9–2.6). Medical factors as common mental disorders, other mental disorders, prescribed psychiatric medication and somatic comorbidity were risk factors for both long-term sickness absence and disability pension (hazard ratios: 1.2–3.4). A simultaneous lumbar fusion surgery and high preoperative pain severity were risk factors for long-term sickness absence (hazard ratios 1.2–1.8). Conclusions: To prevent long-term work disability after lumbar spine decompression surgery, specific focus is required on older and female patients, those with mental or somatic comorbidities, high levels of preoperative pain or sickness absence, with a simultaneous lumbar fusion surgery, a low educational level or a non-European immigrant background.

scholarly journals Exploring expected and perceived facilitators and barriers of an indicated prevention strategy to prevent future long-term sickness absence; a qualitative study among employers and employees

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie H. Klasen ◽  
Ludovic G. P. M. van Amelsvoort ◽  
Inge Houkes ◽  
Nicole W. H. Jansen ◽  
IJmert Kant
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Early Treatment ◽  
Prevention Strategy ◽  
Health Complaints ◽  
Health Culture ◽  
Indicated Prevention ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Facilitators And Barriers

Abstract Background An indicated prevention strategy (IPS), consisting of a screening questionnaire and early treatment, was found to be effective for the prevention of future long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in two large Dutch RCT’s. This IPS aims to detect employees who have a high risk to become absent, and subsequently offer them early treatment. Despite the overall effectiveness, only a few companies have implemented this strategy so far. This suggests that companies may not be convinced of the (cost) effectiveness of this strategy yet. In companies where IPS has been implemented, screenings uptake and adherence to early treatment appeared to be moderate, indicating that both employees and employers might perceive barriers. Methods The aim of this qualitative study was to explore the expected and perceived facilitators and barriers for the implementation of the IPS. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 9 employers and 11 employees (acquainted and unacquainted with IPS) from large companies. Purposive sampling was used to recruit participants. All interviews were transcribed and analyzed thematically. Results The employers believed they were primarily responsible for psychological and work-related health complaints and SA, while the employees felt responsible for health complaints related to their lifestyle. According to the employees, the responsibility of the employer was solely related to work-related health. This finding exposed a relation with the health culture, which was solely based on creating a safe work environment, omitting psychological health issues. The efficacy of this IPS regarding reducing SA was estimated positive, however, the efficacy regarding LTSA was questioned. Fear of a privacy breach was often mentioned by the respondents as an important barrier. Conclusions This study showed that the health culture within a company may be important for the perceived responsibility towards SA and health. A health culture which primarily focuses on physical complaints may raise barriers for the adoption and implementation of this preventive strategy. Participant’ perceptions of the nature of LTSA and the fact that not all participants were familiar with the exact content and phasing of IPS may have doubted the efficacy regarding LTSA. This study provides important clues for future and improved implementation of IPS.

scholarly journals Work ability score and future work ability as predictors of register-based disability pension and long-term sickness absence: A three-year follow-up study

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Kinnunen ◽  
Jouko Nätti
Keyword(s):  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
Work Ability Index ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Work Ability Score

Aims: We investigated two single items of the Work Ability Index – work ability score, and future work ability – as predictors of register-based disability pension and long-term sickness absence over a three-year follow-up. Methods: Survey responses of 11,131 Finnish employees were linked to pension and long-term (more than 10 days) sickness absence register data by Statistics Finland. Work ability score was divided into poor (0–5), moderate (6–7) and good/excellent (8–10) and future work ability into poor (1–2) and good (3) work ability at baseline. Cox proportional hazard regressions were used in the analysis of disability pension, and a negative binomial model in the analysis of long-term sickness absence. The results were adjusted for several background, work- and health-related covariates. Results: Compared with those with good/excellent work ability scores, the hazard ratios of disability pension after adjusting for all covariates were 9.84 (95% CI 6.68–14.49) for poor and 2.25 (CI 95% 1.51–3.35) for moderate work ability score. For future work ability, the hazard ratio was 8.19 (95% CI 4.71–14.23) among those with poor future work ability. The incidence rate ratios of accumulated long-term sickness absence days were 3.08 (95% CI 2.19–4.32) and 1.59 (95% CI 1.32–1.92) for poor and moderate work ability scores, and 1.51 (95% CI 0.97–2.36) for poor future work ability. Conclusions: The single items of work ability score and future work ability predicted register-based disability pension equally well, but work ability score was a better predictor of register-based long-term sickness absence days than future work ability in a three-year follow-up. Both items seem to be of use especially when examining the risk of poor work ability for disability but also for long sick leave.

scholarly journals Health and work disability outcomes in parents of patients with schizophrenia associated with antipsychotic exposure by the offspring

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi Taipale ◽  
Syed Rahman ◽  
Antti Tanskanen ◽  
Juha Mehtälä ◽  
Fabian Hoti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Work Disability ◽  
Healthcare Service ◽  
Service Use ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Healthcare Use ◽  
Swedish Population ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Healthcare Service Use

AbstractThis study aimed to identify if antipsychotic exposure in offspring is associated with psychiatric and non-psychiatric healthcare service use and work disability of their parents. This Swedish population-based cohort study was based on data comprising 10,883 individuals with schizophrenia, who had at least one identifiable parent in the nationwide registers, and their parents (N = 18,215). The register-based follow-up during 2006–2013 considered the level of antipsychotic exposure and persistence of use of the offspring, further categorized into first (FG) and second generation (SG) antipsychotics, and orals versus long-acting injections (LAIs). The main outcome measure was parental psychiatric healthcare service use, secondary outcomes were non-psychiatric healthcare use and long-term sickness absence. SG-LAI use was associated with a decreased risk (relative risks [RR] 0.81-0.85) of parental psychiatric healthcare use compared with not using SG-LAI, whereas oral antipsychotics were associated with an increased risk (RRs 1.10–1.29). Both FG- and SG-LAI use by the offspring were associated with a lower risk of long-term sickness absence (range of odds ratios 0.34–0.47) for the parents, compared with non-use of these drugs. The choice of antipsychotic treatment for the offspring may have an impact on work disability and healthcare service use of their parents.

Associations of job demands and job control with long-term sickness absence and disability pension

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Farrants ◽  
J Norberg ◽  
A Sondén ◽  
R Rugulies ◽  
E Framke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Control

scholarly journals Deep ECG-Respiration Network (DeepER Net) for Recognizing Mental Stress

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (13) ◽  
pp. 3021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wonju Seo ◽  
Namho Kim ◽  
Sehyeon Kim ◽  
Chanhee Lee ◽  
Sung-Min Park
Keyword(s):  
Deep Learning ◽  
Mental Stress ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Workplace Stress ◽  
Physiological Signals ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Conventional Machine ◽  
End To End

Unmanaged long-term mental stress in the workplace can lead to serious health problems and reduced productivity. To prevent this, it is important to recognize and relieve mental stress in a timely manner. Here, we propose a novel stress detection algorithm based on end-to-end deep learning using multiple physiological signals, such as electrocardiogram (ECG) and respiration (RESP) signal. To mimic workplace stress in our experiments, we used Stroop and math tasks as stressors, with each stressor being followed by a relaxation task. Herein, we recruited 18 subjects and measured both ECG and RESP signals using Zephyr BioHarness 3.0. After five-fold cross validation, the proposed network performed well, with an average accuracy of 83.9%, an average F1 score of 0.81, and an average area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.92, demonstrating its superiority over conventional machine learning models. Furthermore, by visualizing the activation of the trained network’s neurons, we found that they were activated by specific ECG and RESP patterns. In conclusion, we successfully validated the feasibility of end-to-end deep learning using multiple physiological signals for recognition of mental stress in the workplace. We believe that this is a promising approach that will help to improve the quality of life of people suffering from long-term work-related mental stress.

Use of Motivational Interviewing to Improve Return-to-work and Work-related Outcomes: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn M. Page ◽  
Irina Tchernitskaia
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Motivational Interviewing ◽  
Work Disability ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Health Behaviour Change ◽  
Behavioural Factors

Work-based return-to-work (RTW) interventions can help to reduce the duration and cost of work disability, and in turn, prevent the negative effects of long-term sickness absence. However, there are a number of complex cognitive, affective and behavioural factors that can impact an individual's confidence, motivation and willingness to RTW that need to be addressed to facilitate effective outcomes. This literature review investigates evidence for the use of motivational interviewing (MI) for improving return-to-work (RTW) and employment outcomes. Whilst evidence for the efficacy of MI in clinical settings to motivate health behaviour change is strong, more research is needed to determine whether MI can be usefully applied to improve RTW and other work-related outcomes.

Associations of job demands and job control with long-term sickness absence and disability pension

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (suppl_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Farrants ◽  
J Norberg ◽  
A Sondén ◽  
R Rugulies ◽  
E Framke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Job Demands ◽  
Job Control
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