scholarly journals Mechanisms for addressing the influence of corporations on public health

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mialon ◽  
S Vandevijvere ◽  
A Carriedo ◽  
L Bero ◽  
F Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Policy Science ◽  
Corporate Influence ◽  
The World ◽  
The Media

Abstract Introduction Manufacturers, such as producers of cigarettes, drugs or ultra-processed foods, influence health policy, research and practice. This influence is one of the main barriers against the implementation of public health policies around the world. Our goal was to identify existing mechanisms to limit this influence. Methods We conducted a scoping review in 2019. We searched five scientific databases: Web of Science Core Collection; BIOSIS; MEDLINE; Base; Scopus. Twenty-eight institutions and networks related to our research objective were also contacted to identify additional mechanisms and examples. In addition, we identified mechanisms and examples drawn from our collective experience. We have classified the mechanisms into two groups: those of international organizations and governments; those for universities, the media and civil society. Results Thirty-one publications were included in our review, including eight scientific articles. Nine mechanisms focused on several industries; while the other documents targeted specific industries. We identified 49 mechanisms that could help limit corporate influence in health policy, science and practice. For 41 of these mechanisms, we found examples, around the world, where they have been implemented. The main objectives of the mechanisms identified were to manage conflicts of interest and ethical issues, while increasing the transparency of public-private interactions. Mechanisms for governments (n = 17) and universities (n = 13) were most frequently identified, with fewer examples existing to protect the media and civil society. Discussion The development, implementation and monitoring of these mechanisms are essential to protect public health from industrial influence. Key messages We found 49 mechanisms that could help limit corporate influence in health policy, science and practice. There are fewer mechanisms to protect the media and civil society, than to protect governments and universities.

scholarly journals Mechanisms for addressing and managing the influence of corporations on public health policy, research and practice: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. e034082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Mialon ◽  
Stefanie Vandevijvere ◽  
Angela Carriedo-Lutzenkirchen ◽  
Lisa Bero ◽  
Fabio Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Science Framework

ObjectiveWe identified mechanisms for addressing and/or managing the influence of corporations on public health policy, research and practice, as well as examples of where these mechanisms have been adopted from across the globe.DesignWe conducted a scoping review. We conducted searches in five databases on 4 June 2019. Twenty-eight relevant institutions and networks were contacted to identify additional mechanisms and examples. In addition, we identified mechanisms and examples from our collective experience working on the influence of corporations on public health policy, research and practice.SettingWe identified mechanisms at the national, regional and global levels.ResultsThirty-one documents were included in our review. Eight were peer-reviewed scientific articles. Nine discussed mechanisms to address and/or manage the influence of different types of industries; while other documents targeted specific industries. In total, we identified 49 mechanisms for addressing and/or managing the influence of corporations on public health policy, research and practice, and 43 of these were adopted at the national, regional or global level. We identified four main types of mechanisms: transparency; management of interactions with industry and of conflicts of interest; identification, monitoring and education about the practices of corporations and associated risks to public health; prohibition of interactions with industry. Mechanisms for governments (n=17) and academia (n=13) were most frequently identified, with fewer for the media and civil society.ConclusionsWe identified several mechanisms that could help address and/or manage the negative influence of corporations on public health policy, research and practice. If adopted and evaluated more widely, many of the mechanisms described in this manuscript could contribute to efforts to prevent and control non-communicable diseases.Trial registration detailsThe protocol was registered with the Open Science Framework on 27 May 2019 (https://osf.io/xc2vp).

scholarly journals A call to advance and translate research into policy on governance, ethics, and conflicts of interest in public health: the GECI-PH network

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima Nakkash ◽  
Melissa Mialon ◽  
Jihad Makhoul ◽  
Monika Arora ◽  
Rima Afifi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Undue Influence ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Multi Stakeholder

AbstractEfforts to adopt public health policies that would limit the consumption of unhealthy commodities, such as tobacco, alcohol and ultra-processed food products, are often undermined by private sector actors whose profits depend on the sales of such products. There is ample evidence showing that these corporations not only try to influence public health policy; they also shape research, practice and public opinion. Globalization, trade and investment agreements, and privatization, amongst other factors, have facilitated the growing influence of private sector actors on public health at both national and global levels. Protecting and promoting public health from the undue influence of private sector actors is thus an urgent task. With this backdrop in mind, we launched the “Governance, Ethics, and Conflicts of Interest in Public Health” Network (GECI-PH Network) in 2018. Our network seeks to share, collate, promote and foster knowledge on governance, ethical, and conflicts of interest that arise in the interactions between private sectors actors and those in public health, and within multi-stakeholder mechanisms where dividing lines between different actors are often blurred. We call for strong guidance to address and manage the influence of private sector actors on public health policy, research and practice, and for dialogue on this important topic. Our network recently reached 119 members. Membership is diverse in composition and expertise, location, and institutions. We invite colleagues with a common interest to join our network.

Persons with Disabilities and Public Health Ethics

2019 ◽  
pp. 218-231
Author(s):  
Monika Mitra ◽  
Linda Long-Bellil ◽  
Robyn Powell
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Public Health Policy ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Public Health Decision ◽  
Health Decision ◽  
Health Policy And Practice

This chapter draws on medical, social, and legal perspectives to identify and highlight ethical issues pertaining to the treatment, representation, and inclusion of persons with disabilities in public health policy and practice. A brief history of disability in the United States is provided as a context for examining the key ethical issues related to public health policy and practice. Conceptual frameworks and approaches to disability are then described and applied. The chapter then discusses the imperativeness of expanding access to public health programs by persons with disabilities, the need to address implicit and structural biases, and the importance of including persons with disabilities in public health decision-making.

Ethics and Epidemiology

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Policy ◽  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Moral Reflection ◽  
Advocacy Organizations ◽  
Master Of Public Health ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
The World

This book will be of interest to public health professionals from various public health disciplines, bioethicists, legal scholars, and members of nonprofit organizations, government agencies, and health advocacy organizations. It will be an invaluable resource for the thousands of Master of Public Health students across the world. It also aims to make students, epidemiologists, and health professionals aware of situations that require moral reflection, judgment, or decision, while pointing to ways in which justified moral conclusions can be reached. The book will also be of use to persons interested more broadly in bioethics and health policy. It will include the foundations, key values and principles, methods, and issues related to ethics and epidemiology.

scholarly journals A platform for the international exchange of ideas: the Israel Journal of Health Policy Research celebrates its first decade

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin McKee
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
Israel Journal ◽  
Policy Research ◽  
International Exchange ◽  
Small Country ◽  
The World

AbstractFor ten years the Israel Journal of Health Policy Research has provided a platform for exchange of knowledge and insights on health policy. It is a unique attempt by scholars and practitioners in one small country to share their knowledge with the world and, in turn to learn from experience elsewhere. Never has this role been as important as during the COVID pandemic, a message that is very clear when we look at failings elsewhere.

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