Modelling (Social) Intra/Entrepreneurship Process

This study had three objectives: to discover the main concepts and theories used in research around entrepreneurship; systematize the entrepreneurial process in a model that allows teaching it more efficiently, and substantiate the model by applying it to various social entrepreneurship projects. To this end, a systematic scoping review was carried out to identify the main concepts, theories, and processes, which constitute the six crucial building blocks to someone could be successful as a(n) (social) intra/entrepreneur. Then, a design-science approach led us to use real social innovation and social entrepreneurship cases to evaluate the constructs and the model. Consequently, it is concluded that all concepts, theories and models identified can be classified as external factors (Context and Resources), internal factors (Objectives and entrepreneurial Will) and achievements (Action and Impact). The CROWAI model fits well with the data obtained on 465 innovation and social entrepreneurship projects. Thus, this model presents a more comprehensive approach, applicable to all profitable or social intra/entrepreneurship situations, allowing this new conceptual arrangement to be more easily taught. Additionally, it makes sense to use the term ‘social’ in innovation and intra/entrepreneurship because it has excellent defining power of the scope one wants to achieve with human endeavours. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2022-06-01-02 Full Text: PDF

DEBATING THE SCIENCE OF JURISPRUDENCE: STUDYING JURISPRUDENCE FROM PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE PERSPECTIVE

The Article discusses jurisprudence in terms of the philosophy of science; so far, there have been doubts in the study of jurisprudence due to the object, whether jurisprudence is included in science or only knowledge of legislation. In discussing jurisprudence, the author uses literature research methodology (library research) using the Philosophy of Science approach, specifically Epistemology, Ontology, and Axiology. The Philosophy of science approach will reveal the meaning of science on Jurisprudence.

A genre shift in disseminating knowledge: Student teachers’ experiences of communicating their master’s theses as popular science

Previous research shows that there is a challenge in balancing research-oriented activities, including the master’s thesis, in a way that promotes teachers’ professional development. This study aims to investigate student teachers’ experiences of communicating their master’s theses as popular science to schools and school communities. Data (logbooks, videos and text submissions) were collected from Finnish student teachers (n = 38) during a campus-based course from 2019 to 2020. The results show that most students had difficulty shifting from a science to a popular science approach and found this experience of genre shift during dissemination as challenging.

KONTEKSTUALISASI PEMAHAMAN HADIS NABI TENTANG RIBA

This study explores the issue of usury from the point of view of the hadith of the prophet. For the sake of finding supporting data against the argument that usury is not justified in Islamic law. This study uses a hadith science approach and various kinds of scientific approaches as supporters to understand the content of the hadith about usury. In this study, the authors found that before this study many criteria and benchmarks for usury were found in relation to buying and selling, exchanging, saving and borrowing, and knowing the laws of usury transactions clearly. Of course, studies on usury have been written by many Islamic law researchers, including Abdul Gofur with the theme of the concept of usury in the Koran, Riya Rohma Setyawati et al with the theme of usury in the view of Islam, Miriam So Phia with the theme of usury in Islamic jurisprudence, Abdurrahim Abdul Hamid al-sa'ati with the theme al-'illah al-Iqtishadiyah li tahrim al-Riba al-Nasiah wa al-Fadhl. Nevertheless, the author has its own uniqueness in examining the issue of usury in terms of the methods and approaches applied in this study. The approaches applied in this research include: First, the author uses a hadith science approach in conducting research, in order to be able to explore and explore the context of the prophet's hadith accurately. Second, the author uses various scientific approaches that can be a sharp tool in realizing an objective research. Abstrak Penelitian ini mendalami persoalan riba dari sudut pandangan hadis nabi. Demi ditemukannya data penguat terhadap argumen riba itu tidak dibenarkan dalam syariat Islam. Kajian ini menggunakan pendekatan ilmu hadis dan erbagai macam pendekatan ilmia sebagai pendukung untuk memahami kandungan hadis tetang riba. Pada penelitian ini penulis menemukan bahwa sebelum penelitian ini telah banyak ditemukan kriteria dan tolak ukur riba dalam kaitannya dengan jual beli, tukar-menukar, simpan pinjam, serta mengetahui hukum transaksi riba secara terang. Tentu saja kajian tentang riba telah banyak ditulis oleh para penelisik hukum Islam di antaranya Abdul Gofur dengan tema Konsep Riba dalam al-Quran, Riya Rohma Setyawati dkk dengan tema Riba dalam pandangan Islam, Miriam So Phia dengan tema Riba In Islamic Jurisprudence, Abdurrahim abdul hamid al-sa’ati dengan tema al-‘illah al-Iqtishadiyah li tahrim al-Riba al-Nasiah wa al-Fadhl. Kendatipun demikian, penulis memiliki keunikan tersendiri dalam mengkaji persoalan riba dari segi metode dan pendekatan yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini. Pendekatan yang diterapkan dalam penelitian ini di antaranya Pertama, penulis menggunakan pendekatan ilmu hadis dalam melakukan penelitian, agar dapat menelusuri dan mendalami konteks hadis nabi secara akurat. Kedua, penulis menggunakan berbagai pendekatan ilmia yang dapat menjadi alat yang tajam dalam mewujudkan sebuah penelitian yang objektif.

Developing Students’ Research Skills with Adapted Primary Literature

There is a gap between the quantity and quality of research in Indonesia. It is assumed that the research skills of the researchers are still low. Meanwhile, research skills development still relies on the higher education level. Efforts are needed to develop research skills from an early age. This study aims to examine the use of APL in the authentic science approach to develop research skills of junior high school students. The quasi-experimental method was carried out by inviting 81 students from two classes of 7th grade in a state middle school in Bandung, Indonesia. They analyzed three Adapted Primary Literatures with the jigsaw and NHT models. Before and after learning, students took research skills tests. The research instrument has passed the validity and reliability tests. Descriptive and inferential analyses were done. The results of data analysis indicate that the use of APL in the authentic science approach in both learning models can develop students' research skills. Furthermore, the jigsaw model is more recommended to use. This study recommends the use of APL as a science learning resource to develop students' research skills as a beginning to introduce the scientific method.

A Hard-Science Approach to Kondratieff’s Economic Cycle

In an effort to evidence the Kondratieff cycle more scientifically than the way economists do, physical variables are studied rather than monetary indicators. Previously published graphs are reproduced and updated here with recent data. A cyclical rather regular variation of energy consumption reveals a 56-year cycle. A dozen human endeavors/phenomena, such as bank failures, homicides, hurricanes, feminism, and sunspot activity are shown to resonate with this cycle. Possible explanations for this phenomenon may have to do with a climatic variation or with the length of time any individual actively influences the environment. There is some evidence that the cycle may be getting shorter in amplitude and duration in recent years. All quantitative confidence levels involved in these observations are poor by scientific standards and permit critics to question the very existence of this phenomenon.

A Behavioral Science Framework for Understanding College Campus Sexual Assault

We propose a behavioral-science approach to sexual assault on college campuses. In this framework, people commit assault when aspects of the immediate situation trigger certain psychological states. No set of mental processes or situational configurations is a precise predictor of assault. Instead, the interaction between mental processes and situational configurations predicts when sexual assault is more or less likely to occur. We begin with an illustrative story to show how a behavioral-science approach is relevant to sexual assault. Next, we map out a framework that suggests how behavioral theories of situations and mental processes have been or could be used to describe, predict, and develop ideas for the reduction of sexual assault. Relevant situational configurations include geographical configurations, local situational and informational cues, and situation-based power. Theories of mental processes include person perception, social norms, moral reasoning, and goals. Our framework can be used to demonstrate how “good” people can commit assault and how individuals can and will refrain from assault within institutions with a “bad” record. Compared with previous theories of sexual assault, a behavioral-science framework offers unique understanding and generative methods for addressing sexual assault on college campuses.

The benefits of an open-science approach in student research projects

Open science is a movement to allow scientific information, data and outputs to be more widely accessible and reusable, with the active engagement of all the stakeholders. Open science can also describe openness within a research group where all participants share their data, analysis code, ideas and feedback. These ideas can be applied to all aspects of science, from large research consortia to student projects. With great accessibility comes greater reproducibility, leading to better code quality and better research. Here we describe what we have learned and gained from taking an open-science approach in undergraduate and masters student research projects, from the perspective of the student, the day-to-day supervisor, and the principal investigator (PI) or research group leader. We argue for the importance of clear expectations, communication, documentation, and of modelling collaborative behaviour. To design a good student project, we recommend planning the project outcomes so that everybody wins, and planning a pathway from novice to expert within the project.