scholarly journals Benchmarking national surveillance systems: a new tool for the comparison of communicable disease surveillance and control in Europe

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Reintjes ◽  
M. Thelen ◽  
R. Reiche ◽  
A. Csohan
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
And Control

scholarly journals From epidemiological surveillance to European integration

1999 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 91-91
Author(s):  
F Tissot
Keyword(s):  
Surveillance System ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
National Surveillance ◽  
Control Potential ◽  
Disease Surveillance System ◽  
Set Up ◽  
And Control ◽  
National Surveillance System

Between March and June 1999, 442 000 Kosovar refugees arrived in Albania. The national surveillance system was unprepared for this and an emergency communicable disease surveillance system was set up to detect and control potential outbreaks among the ref

scholarly journals Investigating the Impact of Asymptomatic Carriers on COVID-19 Transmission

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob B. Aguilar ◽  
Jeremy Samuel Faust ◽  
Lauren M. Westafer ◽  
Juan B. Gutierrez
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Reproduction Number ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Average Case ◽  
Asymptomatic Carriers ◽  
The Impact

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a novel human respiratory disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Asymptomatic carriers of the virus display no clinical symptoms but are known to be contagious. Recent evidence reveals that this sub-population, as well as persons with mild disease, are a major contributor in the propagation of COVID-19. The asymptomatic sub-population frequently escapes detection by public health surveillance systems. Because of this, the currently accepted estimates of the basic reproduction number (ℛ0) of the disease are inaccurate. It is unlikely that a pathogen can blanket the planet in three months with an ℛ0 in the vicinity of 3, as reported in the literature (1–6). In this manuscript, we present a mathematical model taking into account asymptomatic carriers. Our results indicate that an initial value of the effective reproduction number could range from 5.5 to 25.4, with a point estimate of 15.4, assuming mean parameters. The first three weeks of the model exhibit exponential growth, which is in agreement with average case data collected from thirteen countries with universal health care and robust communicable disease surveillance systems; the average rate of growth in the number of reported cases is 23.3% per day during this period.

scholarly journals Global surveillance of emerging diseases: the ProMED-mail perspective

2001 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl) ◽  
pp. S147-S154 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Woodall
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Emerging Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
The Media ◽  
Infectious Disease Specialists ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Control ◽  
Official Sources

The Internet is changing the way global disease surveillance is conducted. Countries and international organizations are increasingly placing their outbreak reports on the Internet, which speeds up distribution and therefore prevention and control. The World Health Organization (WHO) has recognized the value of nongovernmental organizations and the media in reporting outbreaks, which it then attempts to verify through its country offices. However, WHO and other official sources are constrained in their reporting by the need for bureaucratic clearance. ProMED-mail <www.promedmail.org> has no such constraints, and posts outbreak reports 7 days a week. It is moderated by infectious disease specialists who add relevant comments. Thus, ProMED-mail complements official sources and provides early warning of outbreaks. Its network is more than 20,000 people in over 150 countries, who place their computers and time at the network's disposal and report on outbreaks of which they have knowledge. Regions and countries could benefit from adopting the ProMED-mail approach to complement their own disease surveillance systems.

scholarly journals Communicable disease epidemiology training in Northern Europe

2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-50
Author(s):  
P Aavitsland ◽  
S Andresen
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Immunisation Programme ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
The State ◽  
Disease Epidemiology ◽  
Hiv Surveillance ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
And Control

The five Nordic countries (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden) have a long tradition of collaboration in communicable disease epidemiology and control. The state epidemiologists and the immunisation programme managers have met regularly to discuss common challenges and exchange experiences in surveillance and control of communicable diseases. After the three Baltic countries (Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania) regained independence in 1991 and the Soviet Union dissolved, contacts were made across the old iron curtain in several areas, such as culture, education, business, military and medicine. Each of the Nordic communicable disease surveillance institutes started projects with partners in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania or the Russian Federation. The projects were in such diverse areas as HIV surveillance and prevention (1), vaccination programmes and antibiotic resistance. In the mid 1990s the Nordic state epidemiologists noted that there was duplication of efforts and only slow progress towards controlling communicable diseases in the region. Thus, to use the resources more efficiently and to improve the relationships with the Baltic partners, the state epidemiologists set out to co-ordinate their bilateral efforts. They felt that the Nordic network, which had worked so well, could easily be extended eastwards.

scholarly journals Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Slovenia

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Klavs ◽  
A Hocevar-Grom ◽  
M Socan ◽  
M Grgic-Vitek ◽  
L Pahor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control

National communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Slovenia is coordinated by the Communicable Diseases Centre of the Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Slovenia

scholarly journals Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Latvia

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bormane ◽  
I Lucenko ◽  
J Perevoščikovs
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Public Health Service ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
And Control

The Latvian public health service dates back to 1947. The Sanitary Epidemiological Service, created in Soviet times, provided two main functions – assessment of health risk factors, including surveillance of communicable diseases, and inspection.

scholarly journals Community perspectives on the benefits and risks of technologically enhanced communicable disease surveillance systems: a report on four community juries

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Degeling ◽  
Stacy M. Carter ◽  
Antoine M. van Oijen ◽  
Jeremy McAnulty ◽  
Vitali Sintchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Community Perspectives

scholarly journals Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Hungary

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Á Csohán
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
National Centre ◽  
And Control

The Országos Epidemiológiai Központ (Hungarian National Centre for Epidemiology) was established on 1 January 1998

scholarly journals Opportunities for improved surveillance and control of dengue from age-specific case data

eLife ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Rodriguez-Barraquer ◽  
Henrik Salje ◽  
Derek A Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Incidence Data ◽  
Seroprevalence Data ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
And Control ◽  
Incident Cases

One of the challenges faced by global disease surveillance efforts is the lack of comparability across systems. Reporting commonly focuses on overall incidence, despite differences in surveillance quality between and within countries. For most immunizing infections, the age distribution of incident cases provides a more robust picture of trends in transmission. We present a framework to estimate transmission intensity for dengue virus from age-specific incidence data, and apply it to 359 administrative units in Thailand, Colombia, Brazil and Mexico. Our estimates correlate well with those derived from seroprevalence data (the gold standard), capture the expected spatial heterogeneity in risk, and correlate with known environmental drivers of transmission. We show how this approach could be used to guide the implementation of control strategies such as vaccination. Since age-specific counts are routinely collected by masany surveillance systems, they represent a unique opportunity to further our understanding of disease burden and risk for many diseases.

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