scholarly journals Sleep habits and sleep characteristics at 1 year-old in the ELFE birth cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Messayke ◽  
P Franco ◽  
A Forhan ◽  
M N Dufourg ◽  
M A Charles ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Parental Presence ◽  
Nutritive Sucking ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Sleep Location

Abstract Infant sleep plays a critical role in his/her normal development. Sleep problems, including sleep onset difficulties (SOD) and night waking (NW), ranges from 20% to 30% in infants and young children and are partially persistent over time up to adulthood. French young children seem to have longer sleep durations and less sleep troubles than their counterparts worldwide. We here aimed at describing infants sleep characteristics (duration/24h (TST), NW, and SOD) and associated sleep habits in infants aged 1 year old from the French nationwide birth cohort ELFE. This study included 11,571 infants with information on both sleep characteristics and sleep habits (parental presence when falling asleep, eating to fall asleep, sucking pacifier or finger to sleep and the location where the infant falls asleep and ends his/her sleep). Associations were studied using multinomial logistic regressions adjusted for familial and infant characteristics. Mean TST was 13hrs36 including 2hrs54 of naps, 20% of the infants had TST ≤12hrs/24h. About 46% did not present SOD or NW, while 16% had frequent SOD and 22% had NW > 1 night over 2. Parental presence, feeding to fall asleep and infants sleep location were more frequent in infants having short sleep duration (≤12h/24h), NW and SOD. Non-nutritive sucking was associated with NW, SOD and TST>14h/24h. This work provides new information regarding infant sleep location and non-nutritive sucking that should be accounted for when considering sleep behaviors. In addition, most of identified sleep habits associated with poor sleep characteristics are accessible to prevention. Key messages French infants present better sleep characteristics than their counterparts. Most sleep habits associated with poor sleep are accessible to prevention.

scholarly journals Association between Sleep Habits and Metabolically Healthy Obesity in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thirumagal Kanagasabai ◽  
Ramandeep Dhanoa ◽  
Jennifer L. Kuk ◽  
Chris I. Ardern
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Quality Factors ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Sleep Quantity ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Metabolically Healthy

Higher body mass index (BMI) increases the risk of cardiometabolic diseases, but nearly a third of the people living with obesity (BMI: ≥30 kg/m2) are metabolically healthy (MHO). Extreme sleep durations and poor sleep quality are associated with higher bodyweight and cardiometabolic dysfunction, but the full extent to which sleep habits may help differentiate those with MHO versus metabolically abnormal obesity (MAO) is not yet known. Data from the U.S. National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2005–08 was used (BMI: ≥30 kg/m2; ≥20 y;N=1,777). The absence of metabolic syndrome was used to define MHO. Those with MHO tended to be younger, female, Non-Hispanic Black, never smokers, more physically active, and with less physician diagnosed sleep disorders than MAO. Neither sleep duration nor overall sleep quality was related to MHO in crude or multivariable adjusted analyses; however, reporting “almost always” to having trouble falling asleep (OR (95% CI): 0.40 (0.20–0.78)), waking up during the night (0.38 (0.17–0.85)), feeling unrested during the day (0.35 (0.18–0.70)), and feeling overly sleepy during the day (0.35 (0.17–0.75)) was related to lower odds of MHO. Selected sleep quality factors, but not sleep quantity or overall sleep quality, are associated with the MHO phenotype.

scholarly journals Multilab Direct Replication of Flavell, Beach, and Chinsky (1966): Spontaneous Verbal Rehearsal in a Memory Task as a Function of Age

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 251524592110181
Author(s):  
Emily M. Elliott ◽  
Candice C. Morey ◽  
Angela M. AuBuchon ◽  
Nelson Cowan ◽  
Chris Jarrold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Verbal Rehearsal ◽  
Picture Memory ◽  
Spontaneous Production

Work by Flavell, Beach, and Chinsky indicated a change in the spontaneous production of overt verbalization behaviors when comparing young children (age 5) with older children (age 10). Despite the critical role that this evidence of a change in verbalization behaviors plays in modern theories of cognitive development and working memory, there has been only one other published near replication of this work. In this Registered Replication Report, we relied on researchers from 17 labs who contributed their results to a larger and more comprehensive sample of children. We assessed memory performance and the presence or absence of verbalization behaviors of young children at different ages and determined that the original pattern of findings was largely upheld: Older children were more likely to verbalize, and their memory spans improved. We confirmed that 5- and 6-year-old children who verbalized recalled more than children who did not verbalize. However, unlike Flavell et al., substantial proportions of our 5- and 6-year-old samples overtly verbalized at least sometimes during the picture memory task. In addition, continuous increase in overt verbalization from 7 to 10 years old was not consistently evident in our samples. These robust findings should be weighed when considering theories of cognitive development, particularly theories concerning when verbal rehearsal emerges and relations between speech and memory.

534 Food Insecurity and Sleep Health by Race/Ethnicity and Age Group in the United States

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A211-A211
Author(s):  
Nyree Riley ◽  
Dana Alhasan ◽  
W Braxton Jackson ◽  
Chandra Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
The United States ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
High Food ◽  
Short Sleep Duration ◽  
Sleep Health ◽  
Falling Asleep

Abstract Introduction Food insecurity may influence sleep through poor mental health (e.g., depression) and immune system suppression. Although prior studies have found food insecurity to be associated with poor sleep, few studies have investigated the food security-sleep association among racially/ethnically diverse participants and with multiple sleep dimensions. Methods Using National Health Interview Survey data, we examined overall, age-, sex/gender-, and racial/ethnic-specific associations between food insecurity and sleep health. Food security was categorized as very low, low, marginal, and high. Sleep duration was categorized as very short (<6 hours), short (<7 hours), recommended (7–9 hours), and long (≥9 hours). Sleep disturbances included trouble falling and staying asleep, insomnia symptoms, waking up feeling unrested, and using sleep medication (all ≥3 days/times in the previous week). Adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics and other confounders, we used Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for sleep dimensions by very low, low, and marginal vs. high food security. Results The 177,435 participants’ mean age was 47.2±0.1 years, 52.0% were women, 68.4% were Non-Hispanic (NH)-White. Among individuals reporting very low food security, 75.4% had an annual income of <$35,000 and 60.3% were ≥50 years old. After adjustment, very low vs. high food security was associated with a higher prevalence of very short (PR=2.61 [95%CI: 2.44–2.80]) and short (PR=1.66 [95% CI: 1.60–1.72]) sleep duration. Very low vs. high food security was associated with both trouble falling asleep (PR=2.21 [95% CI: 2.12–2.30]) and trouble staying asleep (PR=1.98 [95% CI: 1.91–2.06]). Very low vs. high food security was associated with higher prevalence of very short sleep duration among Asians (PR=3.64 [95% CI: 2.67–4.97]), Whites (PR=2.73 [95% CI: 2.50–2.99]), Blacks (PR=2.03 [95% CI: 1.80–2.31]), and Hispanic/Latinxs (PR=2.65 [95% CI: 2.30–3.07]). Conclusion Food insecurity was associated with poor sleep in a diverse sample of the US population. Support (if any):

142 Prenatal Sleep Quality and Infant Sleep: A Longitudinal Study

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A58-A59
Author(s):  
Rebecca Burdayron ◽  
Marie-Helene Pennestri ◽  
Elizabeth Keys ◽  
Lianne Tomfohr-Madsen ◽  
Gerald Giesbrecht
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Sleep Onset ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Infant Sleep ◽  
Maternal Sleep ◽  
Sleep Parameters

Abstract Introduction Poor sleep quality is common during pregnancy and can increase the risk of adverse obstetric and fetal outcomes. Existing research on the association between prenatal sleep and infant sleep is scarce and has focused on other aspects of prenatal sleep such as sleep duration, chronotype, and insomnia symptoms. To our knowledge, no studies have examined the association between prenatal sleep quality and infant sleep outcomes. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether maternal sleep quality during pregnancy was prospectively associated with infant sleep dimensions, independent of relevant covariates. Methods Participants were a subset of 272 mother-infant dyads enrolled in an ongoing cohort study. Maternal prenatal sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in early to mid- (M gestational age = 15.12 ± 3.56 weeks) and late- (M gestational age = 32.44 ± 0.99 weeks) pregnancy. Mothers completed the Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire (BISQ) at 3, 6, and 12 months postpartum. The following infant sleep parameters were assessed: sleep duration (day, night, 24-hour), number of night awakenings, and wake after sleep onset. Prenatal depressive symptoms were assessed with the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at both pregnancy time points. Other covariates included maternal age at enrollment, infant age, parity, and co-sleeping status. Results Generalized estimating equations (GEE) models revealed that poorer maternal sleep quality during early-to-mid pregnancy did not significantly predict infant sleep parameters after adjustment for covariates (p > .05). However, in late pregnancy, poorer maternal sleep quality significantly predicted shorter 24-hour sleep duration and longer wake after sleep onset, but not daytime sleep duration, nighttime sleep duration, and number of night awakenings (p < .05). Conclusion Study findings advance our understanding of the prospective link between maternal prenatal sleep quality and infant sleep. Results indicate that maternal sleep quality during late gestation may play a role in the development of infant sleep patterns. These findings have important implications for intervention efforts targeting maternal sleep quality during pregnancy. Future research should use objective measures of sleep, such as actigraphy, to better elucidate the effects of prenatal sleep quality on infant sleep outcomes. Support (if any) The Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR)

scholarly journals 0407 Sleep, Stress, Cardiovascular, and Psychological Health in College Students

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A156-A156
Author(s):  
A M Reynolds ◽  
K M Mullins
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Psychological Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Stress Symptoms

Abstract Introduction Epidemiological studies have long established that sleep factors, stress, and cardiovascular health are related. College students often struggle with the demands of college life, which leads to increased stress, symptoms of depression and anxiety, and poor sleep. The focus of the current study was to examine habitual sleep habits in college students, in association with psychological factors and physiological factors. Methods Participants included 51 undergraduate students (18 men, average age M=20.25 years, SD=1.78) who wore wrist actigraphs to measure their typical sleep habits. After one week, participants completed questionnaires about psychological symptoms (i.e., depression, anxiety, and stress; Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, DASS-21) and subjective physiological symptoms (i.e., fatigue; Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue Scale, MAF). Blood pressure and heart rate were measured using a wrist cuff. Results Overall total sleep time was 6.59 hours and sleep efficiency was 82.55%. Pearson correlational analyses revealed a negative moderate association between sleep efficiency and diastolic blood pressure (r(49) = -.318, p = .024). Global PSQI scores were moderately associated with stress (r(49) = .419, p = .002). MAF Global Fatigue Index scores revealed positive associations with depression (r(49) = .344, p =.014), anxiety (r(49) = .474, p<.001), and stress (r(49) = .620 p<.001). Heart rate was positively associated with depressive symptoms r(49) = .296, p= .035), stress symptoms r(49) = .447, p= .001), and fatigue r(49) = .456, p= .001). Conclusion As expected, college students’ sleep was short in duration and poor in efficiency. Sleep factors, cardiovascular factors, psychological factors, and stress were all related, demonstrating the importance of sleep on physiological and psychological health. More research should be conducted to further examine the relationships and directionality between sleep, psychological factors, and stress as there may be underlying mechanisms important for cardiovascular health. Support None.

scholarly journals Sleep Medication in Older Adults: Identifying the Need for Support by a Community Pharmacist

Healthcare ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Morgane Masse ◽  
Héloïse Henry ◽  
Elodie Cuvelier ◽  
Claire Pinçon ◽  
Margot Pavy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Pharmacy Students ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Patterns ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Sleep Habit ◽  
Hypnotic Medication

Many older adults take benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotics for the treatment of sleep disorders. With a view to considering the possible discontinuation of hypnotics, the objectives of the present study were to describe bedtime habits and sleep patterns in older adults and to identify the sleep medications taken. An expert group developed a structured interview guide for assessing the patients’ bedtime habits, sleep patterns, and medications. During an internship in a community pharmacy, 103 sixth-year pharmacy students conducted around 10 interviews each with older adults (aged 65 or over) complaining of sleep disorders and taking at least one of the following medications: benzodiazepines, benzodiazepine derivatives (“Z-drugs”), antihistamines, and melatonin. A prospective, observational study was carried out from 4 January to 30 June 2016. The pharmacy students performed 960 interviews (with 330 men and 630 women; mean ± standard deviation age: 75.1 ± 8.8). The most commonly taken hypnotics were the Z-drugs zolpidem (n = 465, 48%) and zopiclone (n = 259, 27%). The vast majority of patients (n = 768, 80%) had only ever taken a single hypnotic medication. The median [interquartile range] prescription duration was 120 (48–180) months. About 75% (n = 696) of the patients had at least 1 poor sleep habit, and over 41% (n = 374) had 2 or more poor sleep habits. A total of 742 of the patients (77%) reported getting up at night—mainly due to nycturia (n = 481, 51%). Further, 330 of the patients (35%) stated that they were keen to discontinue their medication, of which 96 (29%) authorized the pharmacist to contact their family physician and discuss discontinuation. In France, pharmacy students and supervising community pharmacists can identify problems related to sleep disorders by asking simple questions about the patient’s sleep patterns. Together with family physicians, community pharmacists can encourage patients to discuss their hypnotic medications.

Sleep Disturbance in Palliative Care

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Burke ◽  
Sriram Yennurajalingam
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Palliative Care ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Primary Care Population ◽  
Nonrestorative Sleep ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Prevalent Symptom

Sleep disturbance is a persistent source of suffering in palliative care patients. Symptoms such as difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, early awakening, or nonrestorative sleep are all indicative of sleep disorders. Poor sleep can have consequential effects on perception of pain, fatigue, mood, and quality of life. It is not only a prevalent symptom in the primary care population but also may in fact affect more than 60% of the palliative care population. In addition to the complexities of treatment, insomnia often serves as a red herring to alarm physicians of underlying conditions. Therefore, it is essential that palliative care physicians maintain a high index of suspicion for such confounding conditions as restless leg syndrome, sleep apnea, and delirium. This chapter highlights the intricacies of sleep disturbance and focuses on the most common patient presentations.

scholarly journals ELECTRONIC USE AND SLEEP, SURPRISING BEDFELLOWS: RESTFULNESS EFFECTS OF ELECTRONICS USE PRIOR TO BEDTIME FOR THE 40-PLUS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S526-S526
Author(s):  
G Rainville ◽  
Cheryl Lampkin
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sleep Habits ◽  
Relaxation Effects ◽  
Conditional Effects ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
E Mail

Abstract Getting restful sleep is essential to well-being but stress and poor sleep habits may make sleeping through the night challenging. This research explored life event stressors and pre-sleep activities among 2,464 randomly selected Americans age 40 and older (using Ipsos’ KnowledgeNetwork panel) to determine their joint effects on mental well-being. Respondents reported how often they engaged in twelve individual behaviors within an hour of going to sleep. These behaviors (found to be inter-correlated) were combined using EFA into four factors representing levels of engagement in each of four classes of pre-sleep activities: pre-sleep electronics use (e.g. texting/e-mail before bed), deep relaxation activities, reliance on sleep-aids, and “nightowl” behaviors (i.e., snacking). Counter to expectations, only electronics use had significant conditional effects on the path between a life events stressor index (a count of current, potentially stressful life events) and scores on the positively-framed Warwick Edinburgh well-being scale (WEMWBS). How often one sleeps through the night also had unexpected effects in a conditional path analysis. A somewhat-involved relationship emerges between each of the theoretically-relevant measures. First, the negative impact of stress is moderated by sleeping through the night. Sleeping through the night is, counter to previous studies on electronics use and sleep, mediated by the use of electronics prior to sleep. We propose that mechanisms (such as the nature of backlighting used in electronics) that hamper restfulness may be offset by relaxation effects or by setting one’s ducks in a row by texting/emailing before going to sleep.

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