Participation of two general stress response proteins from Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri in environmental stress adaptation and virulence

ABSTRACT Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri (Xcc) is the bacteria responsible for citrus canker. During its life cycle Xcc is found on leaves as epiphyte, where desiccation conditions may occur. In this work, two Xcc genes, XAC0100 and XAC4007, predicted in silico to be involved in general stress response, were studied under salt, osmotic, desiccation, oxidative and freezing stress, and during plant-pathogen interaction. Expression of XAC0100 and XAC4007 genes was induced under these stress conditions. Disruption of both genes in Xcc caused decreased bacterial culturability under desiccation, freezing, osmotic and oxidative stress. Importantly, the lack of these genes impaired Xcc epiphytic fitness. Both Xac0100 and Xac4007 recombinant proteins showed protective effects on Xanthomonas cells subjected to drought stress. Also, Escherichia coli overexpressing Xac4007 showed a better performance under standard culture, saline and osmotic stress and were more tolerant to freezing and oxidative stress than wild type E. coli. Moreover, both Xac0100 and Xac4007 recombinant proteins were able to prevent the freeze-thaw-induced inactivation of L-Lactate dehydrogenase. In conclusion, Xac0100 and Xac4007 have a relevant role as bacteria and protein protectors; and these proteins are crucial to bacterial pathogens that must face environmental stressful conditions that compromise the accomplishment of the complete virulence process.

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Mtl1 Is Required to Activate General Stress Response through Tor1 and Ras2 Inhibition under Conditions of Glucose Starvation and Oxidative Stress

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1074/jbc.m109.085282 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 285 (25) ◽

pp. 19521-19531 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

Mima Ivanova Petkova ◽

Nuria Pujol-Carrion ◽

Javier Arroyo ◽

Jesús García-Cantalejo ◽

Maria Angeles de la Torre-Ruiz

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Stress Response ◽

Glucose Starvation ◽

General Stress Response ◽

General Stress ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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The InsP7 phosphatase Siw14 regulates inositol pyrophosphate levels to control localization of the general stress response transcription factor Msn2

Journal of Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1074/jbc.ra119.012148 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 295 (7) ◽

pp. 2043-2056 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Elizabeth A. Steidle ◽

Victoria A. Morrissette ◽

Kotaro Fujimaki ◽

Lucy Chong ◽

Adam C. Resnick ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Stress Response ◽

Mutant Strain ◽

Yeast Cells ◽

Environmental Stress Response ◽

Transcriptional Responses ◽

General Stress Response ◽

Inositol Pyrophosphate ◽

General Stress ◽

Inositol Pyrophosphates

The environmental stress response (ESR) is critical for cell survival. Yeast cells unable to synthesize inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs) are unable to induce the ESR. We recently discovered a diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (PP-InsP5) phosphatase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae encoded by SIW14. Yeast strains deleted for SIW14 have increased levels of PP-InsPs. We hypothesized that strains with high inositol pyrophosphate levels will have an increased stress response. We examined the response of the siw14Δ mutant to heat shock, nutrient limitation, osmotic stress, and oxidative treatment using cell growth assays and found increased resistance to each. Transcriptional responses to oxidative and osmotic stresses were assessed using microarray and reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR. The ESR was partially induced in the siw14Δ mutant strain, consistent with the increased stress resistance, and the mutant strain further induced the ESR in response to oxidative and osmotic stresses. The levels of PP-InsPs increased in WT cells under oxidative stress but not under hyperosmotic stress, and they were high and unchanging in the mutant. Phosphatase activity of Siw14 was inhibited by oxidation that was reversible. To determine how altered PP-InsP levels affect the ESR, we performed epistasis experiments with mutations in rpd3 and msn2/4 combined with siw14Δ. We show that mutations in msn2Δ and msn4Δ, but not rpd3, are epistatic to siw14Δ by assessing growth under oxidative stress conditions and expression of CTT1. Msn2-GFP nuclear localization was increased in the siw14Δ. These data support a model in which the modulation of PP-InsPs influence the ESR through general stress response transcription factors Msn2/4.

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Effects of Montmorillonite on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemistry and Oxidative Stress of Red-Crowned Crane (Grus japonensis) Fed Mycotoxin-Contaminated Feed

Current Drug Metabolism ◽

10.2174/1389200221666200726221126 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (8) ◽

pp. 626-632 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dawei Liu ◽

Qinghua Wu ◽

Hongyi Liu ◽

Changhu Lu ◽

Chao Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Feed Intake ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Bird Species ◽

Serum Biochemistry ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Regular Diet ◽

Grus Japonensis ◽

And Oxidative Stress

Background: The red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis) is one of the most vulnerable bird species in the world. Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi and considered naturally unavoidable contaminants in animal feed. Our recent survey indicated that the mycotoxins had the potential to contaminate redcrowned crane’s regular diets in China. Objective: This experiment was conducted to investigate the protective effects of mycotoxin binder montmorillonite (Mont) on growth performance, serum biochemistry and oxidative stress parameters of the red-crowned crane. Methods: 16 red-crowned cranes were divided into four groups and fed one of the following diets; a selected diet, regular diet, or the selected diet or regular diet with 0.5% montmorillonite added to the diets. The cranes' parameters of performance, hematology, serum biochemistry and serum oxidative stress were measured. Results: Consuming regular diets decreased the average daily feed intake (ADFI), levels of haemoglobin (Hb), platelet count (PLT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and catalase (CAT), but increased the activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The supplementation of 0.5% Mont provided protection for the red-crowned crane in terms of feed intake, serum biochemistry and oxidative stress. Moreover, Mont supplementation had no adverse effect on the health of red-crowned crane. Conclusions: Taken together, these findings suggested that the addition of dietary Mont is effective in improving the health of red-crowned crane.

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Protective effects of astaxanthin from Haematococcus pluvialis on the survival and oxidative stress of zebrafish embryos induced by microcystin-LR

Journal of Applied Phycology ◽

10.1007/s10811-021-02448-6 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jing Dong ◽

Chenlu Li ◽

Dujuan Dai ◽

Man Zhang ◽

Yunni Gao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Haematococcus Pluvialis ◽

Zebrafish Embryos ◽

Protective Effects ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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Metformin inhibits the inflammatory and oxidative stress response induced by skin UVB-irradiation and provides 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and nitrotyrosine formation and p53 protein activation

Journal of Dermatological Science ◽

10.1016/j.jdermsci.2020.05.012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 100 (2) ◽

pp. 152-155

Author(s):

Fernando Pinheiro Souza-Neto ◽

Poliana Camila Marinello ◽

Gabriela Pasqual Melo ◽

Leandra Zambeli Naira Ramalho ◽

Eliana M. Cela ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Stress Response ◽

P53 Protein ◽

Oxidative Stress Response ◽

Uvb Irradiation ◽

Protein Activation ◽

And Oxidative Stress

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The protective effects of carvacrol and thymol against paracetamol–induced toxicity on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HepG2)

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327115627688 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 35 (12) ◽

pp. 1252-1263 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

SS Palabiyik ◽

E Karakus ◽

Z Halici ◽

E Cadirci ◽

Y Bayir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Hepg2 Cells ◽

Folk Medicine ◽

Hepatoprotective Activity ◽

High Dose ◽

Protective Effects ◽

And Oxidative Stress ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose could induce liver damage and lead to acute liver failure. The treatment of APAP overdoses could be improved by new therapeutic strategies. Thymus spp., which has many beneficial effects and has been used in folk medicine, is one such potential strategy. In the present study, the hepatoprotective activity of the main constituents of Thymus spp., carvacrol and thymol, were evaluated in light of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. We hoped to understand the hepatoprotective mechanism of these agents on the antioxidant system and pro-inflammatory cytokines in vitro. Dose-dependent effects of thymol and carvacrol (25, 50, and 100 µM) were tested on cultured HepG2 cells. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) was tested as positive control. We showed that APAP inhibited HepG2 cell growth by inducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Incubating APAP-exposed HepG2 cells with carvacrol and thymol for 24 h ameliorated this inflammation and oxidative stress. We also evaluated alanine transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase levels of HepG2 cells. We found that thymol and carvacrol protected against APAP-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells by increasing antioxidant activity and reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 1β. Taking together high-dose thymol and carvacrol treatment has an effect close to NAC treatment in APAP toxicity, but thymol has better treatment effect than carvacrol.

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