scholarly journals Self-reported Vision Impairment and Subjective Well-being in Older Adults: A Longitudinal Mediation Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 589-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoling Xiang ◽  
Vicki A Freedman ◽  
Khushali Shah ◽  
Rita X Hu ◽  
Brian C Stagg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Activity Limitations ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Poor Vision ◽  
Longitudinal Mediation ◽  
Participation Restrictions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Vision impairment (VI) in older adults is associated with declines in well-being. However, the pathways through which poor vision leads to declines in well-being have not been well-described. The purpose of this study was to determine whether activity limitations and social participation restrictions mediate the impact of self-reported VI on subjective well-being. Methods The National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) is a nationally representative longitudinal study of Medicare beneficiaries 65 and older that includes detailed measures of the disablement process. A longitudinal mediation model was conceptualized linking self-reported VI and subjective well-being. Structural equation modeling was used to test the mediating effects of activity limitations and social participation restrictions while adjusting for relevant covariates. Results The final sample included 5,431 respondents. At baseline, 8.0% of Medicare beneficiaries had self-reported VI. Subjective well-being scores were significantly lower among respondents with self-reported VI (15.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 15.2, 16.2) compared with those without VI (17.6; 95% CI: 17.5, 17.7). Self-reported VI had a significant indirect effect on subjective well-being through limiting mobility (β = −0.04; 95% CI: −0.07, −0.03) and household activities (β = −0.05; 95% CI: −0.08, −0.03), but not self-care limitations (β = 0.0; 95% CI = 0.0, 0.0) or participation restrictions (β = 0.0; 95% CI = −0.01, 0.00). Total indirect effects from all mediation paths accounted for 42% of the effect of VI on well-being. Conclusions Mobility and household activity limitations are significant mediators that explain a considerable portion of the impact of poor vision on well-being. Interventions to promote successful accommodation may result in greater overall well-being for older adults with poor vision.

scholarly journals SELF-REPORTED VISION IMPAIRMENT AND SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING IN OLDER ADULTS: A LONGITUDINAL MEDIATION ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S551-S552
Author(s):  
Joshua R Ehrlich ◽  
Xiaoling Xiang ◽  
Khushali Shah ◽  
Rita X Hu ◽  
Brian C Stagg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Vision Impairment ◽  
Activity Limitations ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Poor Vision ◽  
Longitudinal Mediation ◽  
Participation Restrictions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Vision impairment (VI) in older adults is associated with declines in well-being. However, the pathways through which poor vision leads to declines in well-being have not been well described. The purpose of this study was to determine whether activity limitations and social participation restrictions mediate the impact of self-reported VI on subjective well-being. This study used data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), a nationally-representative longitudinal study of Medicare beneficiaries 65 and older that includes detailed measures of the disablement process. We conceptualized a longitudinal mediation model linking self-reported VI and subjective well-being. Structural equation modeling was used to test the mediating effects of activity limitations and social participation restrictions while adjusting for covariates. The final sample included 5,431 respondents. At baseline, 8.0% of Medicare beneficiaries had self-reported VI. Subjective well-being scores were significantly lower among respondents with self-reported VI (15.7, 95% CI=15.2, 16.2) compared to those without VI (17.6, 95% CI=17.5, 17.7). Self-reported VI had a significant indirect effect on subjective well-being through limiting mobility (β=-.04, 95% CI=-.07, -.03) and household activities (β=-.05, 95% CI=-.08, -.03), but not self-care limitations (β=0.0, 95% CI=0.0, 0.0) or participation restrictions (β=0.0, 95% CI=-0.01, 0.00). Total indirect effects from all mediation paths accounted for 42% of the effect of VI on well-being. In conclusion, mobility and household activity limitations are significant mediators that explain a considerable portion of the impact of poor vision on well-being. Interventions to promote successful accommodation may result in greater well-being for visually impaired older adults.

scholarly journals Examining the Relationship between Preference for Solitude and Subjective Well-Being Among Japanese Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aya Toyoshima ◽  
Takashi Kusumi
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Hypothesis Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background and Objectives Focusing on the fact that older adults with positive emotions tend to spend time alone, this study aimed to examine the relationship between preference for solitude and subjective well-being among older adults. In Study 1, we developed a revised version of the Preference for Solitude Scale with a three-factor structure, unlike the single-factor structure of the original scale. In Study 2, we examined the relationship between preference for solitude and subjective well-being using the revised scale. Research Design and Methods We conducted an Internet survey with 210 older adults in Study 1 to develop a revised Japanese scale. In Study 2, to address the possible research method bias in Study 1, we conducted a mail survey with 276 older adults. We examined the replicability of Study 1, confirming metric invariance through multi-group analysis and hypothesis model through path analysis. Results The results of the path analysis indicated that “Productivity during solitude” (Factor 3) was positively related with positive affect and life satisfaction, and “Enjoyment of solitude” (Factor 2) was negatively related with negative affect. However, the results of the mediation analysis suggested that preference for solitude was also related to loneliness, and the indirect effect of preference for solitude on well-being was negative. Discussion and Implications “Enjoyment of solitude” and “Productivity during solitude” were related to maintaining subjective well-being among older adults, although the effects were marginal. The impact of preference for solitude was mixed in enhancing and decreasing subjective well-being.

scholarly journals Impact of hearing impairment on psychological distress and subjective well-being in older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasmeen Niazi ◽  
Bisma Ejaz ◽  
Amina Muazzam
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
The Impact

Objective: The main objective of this study was to explore the impact of hearing impairment on psychological distress and subjective well-being in older adults with hearing impairment. Methods: The study with cross sectional research design was conducted in three public sector hospitals of Lahore, from February 2017 to June 2017. Participants of the study were adults aged 50-90 years and with hearing impairment, selected through non-probability sampling technique. Demographic Information sheet, Kessler psychological distress scale by Kessler, Mroczek. in 1992 and Satisfaction with life scale by Diener, Emmons, Larsen, Griffin in 1985 were used for data collection. SPSS 21 was used to analyze the data. Results: There were 200 participants with age ranged from 53 to 89 years (M= 65.92, SD= 9.70). Of the total, 100 (50%) subjects were men and 100 (50%) were women. Significant gender differences were found in psychological distress, with men reflecting more symptoms of psychological distress (p<0.01), whereas non-significant gender differences were found in case of subjective well-being (p>0.05). Moreover, psychological distress was observed as a predictor of subjective well-being (p<0.01). One-way analysis of variance revealed insignificant differences of psychological distress and subjective well-being across three levels of hearing impairment. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and rehabilitation of age-related hearing loss improves the overall quality of life of older adults living with hearing impairment. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2457 How to cite this:Niazi Y, Ejaz B, Muazzam A. Impact of hearing impairment on psychological distress and subjective well-being in older adults. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(6):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.6.2457 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING ON LONGEVITY AMONG OLDER ADULTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S313-S314
Author(s):  
Sylvia Y Wang ◽  
Giyeon Kim ◽  
Ansley Gilpin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Proportional Hazards ◽  
Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards Model ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives: People tend to believe happier people live longer. However, relatively few empirical studies have examined the influence of subjective well-being (SWB) on longevity among older adults. Thus, our study investigated the impact of SWB on longevity among older adult using national representative longitudinal data in the U.S. Methods: Drawn from the National Health and Aging Trends Study, 6,757 older adults aged 65 or older with completed information of SWB from 2011 were selected and followed until 2017 annually. The Kaplan-Meier estimator was used to estimate the survival time between different levels of SWB without covariates. In addition, the Cox Proportional Hazards Model was used to investigate the impact of SWB on longevity while adjusting the influences of covariates. Results: We found that a higher level of SWB predicted longer survival times among older adults. The impact of SWB on survival times remained to be significant, but weaker, after adjusting the influences of age, educational attainment, household income, gender, marital status, number of health insurances, self-rated health, chronical medical illness, and mental health. Conclusion: Findings suggest that happier older adults live longer. Recognizing the importance of SWB on longevity, healthcare providers should develop programs promoting higher SWB to prolong life for older adults.

scholarly journals Impact of Oral Health on Quality of Life and Subjective Well-Being in Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 226-227
Author(s):  
Irma Díaz ◽  
Neyda Ma Mendoza- Ruvalcaba ◽  
Elva Dolores Arias ◽  
Julio Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Confounding Factors ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract Objective: Associate the impact of oral health with quality of life and subjective well-being in the community-dwelling older adults in Mexico. Methods: Non-random sample; 326 subjects: age collected (60-69 / ≥ 70); gender (male / female); marital status (couple / no partner); schooling (0-6 years / ≥7); income for basic needs (yes / no); no depression (GDS-15), no cognitive impairment (MMSE) and comorbidity (no disease / ≥ 1 disease) to control biases. Oral conditions; Caries index (ICPOD) WHO criteria: Very low-Low; Moderate and High. Need for dental prostheses (WHO Manual): No prostheses needed (27-28 natural teeth or fixed / removable / total combination; Need prosthesis: 2-28 tooth without replacement. Xerostomia (Thomson Inventory); moderate to severe xerostomia &gt; 17 points. Dependent variables: Quality of Life Related to Oral Health (GOHAI); 57-60 points: High perception. Subjective well-being: Moral Scale of the Geriatric Center of Philadelphia (PGCMS): Low score (0-11). Results: Age: 71.84 ± 7,278; female / male (70.9 / 29.1%). Controlling confounding factors, multiple logistic regression showed that the need for multi-unit or total prostheses; high CPOD index; severe xerostomia; and low perception of well-being subjective, were associated with low GOHAI scores: P = 0.000; P = 0.004; P = 0.003; P = 0.02 respectively. Subjective well-being only was associated with severe xerostomia and low CVRSO perception: P = 0.0 1; P = 0.02 respectively. Conclusion: Taking into account various confounding factors, the Quality of Life related to Oral Health was the most affected by the deterioration of oral health.

Subjective Well-Being, Depression, and Delays in Care Among Older Adults: Dual-Eligible Versus Medicare-Only Beneficiaries

2021 ◽  
pp. 073346482110009
Author(s):  
Dongjuan Xu ◽  
Vicki L. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries ◽  
Dual Eligibles ◽  
Predicted Probability ◽  
Dual Eligible ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Implementing Strategies

We aimed to (a) determine the role of subjective well-being and depression in care delays among Medicare beneficiaries and (b) examine whether subjective well-being and depression play a differential role among Medicare-only and dual-eligible beneficiaries. A nationally representative sample of 1,696 older adults participated in the study. Roughly, 22% of participants reported often or sometimes experiencing care delays, with more delays among dual eligibles. We found that higher levels of subjective well-being were significantly related to less frequent care delays. In contrast, higher levels of depression were significantly related to more frequent care delays. Moreover, as depression increased, the predicted probability of delays increased to a greater extent among dual eligibles than Medicare-only beneficiaries. These findings signify the importance of identifying and implementing strategies to enhance subjective well-being and reduce depression in older adults, particularly dual eligibles, to improve access to timely care.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document