Perceptions of Closeness in Adult Parent–Child Dyads: Asymmetry in the Context of Family Complexity

Abstract Objectives Multi-actor data show that parents’ and adult children’s evaluations of their relation do not necessarily match. We studied disagreement in parent- and child-reported closeness, comparing parent–child dyads involving separated parents, non-separated parents, and stepparents to shed new light on today’s diverse landscape of adult parent–child relations. Method Using data from the Parents and Children in the Netherlands (OKiN) survey, we analyzed closeness in parent–child dyads (N = 4,602) comparing (step)parents’ and their adult children’s (aged 25–45) reports. To distinguish directional disagreement (i.e., differences in child- and parent-reported means) from nondirectional disagreement (i.e., the association between child- and parent-reported measures), while accounting for absolute levels of closeness, we estimated log-linear models. Results All types of parents tend to report higher levels of closeness than their children. Whereas parental overreport is more prevalent among biological father–child dyads than among biological mother–child dyads, we found no differences between biological dyads and stepdyads. The association between children’s and parents’ reports is higher among dyads involving stepmothers or married mothers than among those involving separated mothers and (step)fathers. Discussion The intergenerational stake (i.e., parental overreport) is not unique to biological parent–child relations. Instead, patterns of disagreement seem most strongly stratified by gender.

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An Unsupervised Method for Uncovering Morphological Chains

Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics ◽

10.1162/tacl_a_00130 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 157-167 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Karthik Narasimhan ◽

Regina Barzilay ◽

Tommi Jaakkola

Keyword(s):

Morphological Analysis ◽

Linear Models ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Word Formation ◽

Parent Child Relations ◽

Unsupervised Method ◽

Word Level ◽

Log Linear ◽

Parent Child

Most state-of-the-art systems today produce morphological analysis based only on orthographic patterns. In contrast, we propose a model for unsupervised morphological analysis that integrates orthographic and semantic views of words. We model word formation in terms of morphological chains, from base words to the observed words, breaking the chains into parent-child relations. We use log-linear models with morpheme and word-level features to predict possible parents, including their modifications, for each word. The limited set of candidate parents for each word render contrastive estimation feasible. Our model consistently matches or outperforms five state-of-the-art systems on Arabic, English and Turkish.

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Educational Homogamy Among Married and Unmarried Couples in Europe

Journal of Family Issues ◽

10.1177/0192513x08324576 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 28-52 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Dana Hamplova

Keyword(s):

Linear Models ◽

Married Couples ◽

European Social Survey ◽

Social Survey ◽

Educational Homogamy ◽

Educational Barriers ◽

Educational Groups ◽

Institutional Contexts ◽

Using Data ◽

Log Linear

In this article, educational homogamy among married and cohabiting couples in selected European countries is examined. Using data from two waves (2002 and 2004) of the European Social Survey, this article compares three cultural and institutional contexts that differ in terms of institutionalization of cohabitation. Evidence from log-linear models yields two main conclusions. First, as cohabitation becomes more common in society, marriage and cohabitation become more similar with respect to partner selection. Second, where married and unmarried unions differ in terms of educational homogamy, married couples have higher odds of overcoming educational barriers (i.e., intermarrying with other educational groups).

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Assessing natural mortality of Bay of Biscay anchovy from survey population and biomass estimates

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/cjfas-2015-0096 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 73 (2) ◽

pp. 216-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Andrés Uriarte ◽

Leire Ibaibarriaga ◽

Lionel Pawlowski ◽

Jacques Massé ◽

Pierre Petitgas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Linear Models ◽

Production Method ◽

Natural Mortality ◽

Bay Of Biscay ◽

Stock Assessments ◽

Long Time ◽

Using Data ◽

Log Linear ◽

Firm Evidence

The closure of the anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) fishery in the Bay of Biscay between 2005 and 2010 because of low biomass levels provided an opportunity to estimate natural mortality using data from egg (daily egg production method, DEPM) and acoustic surveys implemented for the assessment of this population since 1987. Assuming that natural mortality (M) is constant over time and that catchability in both surveys is equal for all ages, M could be estimated using log-linear models on the series of surveys of population numbers at age and seasonal integrated stock assessments. The analysis suggests M values of around 0.9 for a common natural mortality at all ages. However, we found firm evidence that natural mortality at ages 2 and older (M2+) is markedly higher than at age 1 (M1), which indicates senescent mortality, a possibility suggested a long time ago for this type of short-lived species.

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Expectations of inter-generational reciprocity among older Greek Cypriot migrants in London

Ageing and Society ◽

10.1017/s0144686x02008863 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 22 (5) ◽

pp. 599-613 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

HELEN CYLWIK

Keyword(s):

Gender Differences ◽

Marital Status ◽

Parental Expectations ◽

Later Life ◽

Parent Child Relations ◽

Parents And Children ◽

Greek Cypriot ◽

Greek Cypriots ◽

Parent Child

This article explores the expectations of inter-generational reciprocity amongst older Greek Cypriot women and men living in London from the parents' perspective. Participants engaged in a number of discourses when talking about children. These discourses, which were culturally determined, underpinned parental expectations of inter-generational reciprocity. On a day-to-day basis, older Greek Cypriots were both givers and receivers of help. Gender differences, rather than differences in age or marital status, were evident in both the giving and receiving of help. Parents' perceptions of parent–child relations were not affected by migration, and were pivotal to wellbeing in later life. The bonds between parents and children were perceived as being strong and enduring, although changing throughout the lifecourse.

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Estimating Nonhierarchical and Nested Log-Linear Models

Sociological Methods & Research ◽

10.1177/004912418101000106 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 3-49 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Jay Magidson ◽

James H. Swan ◽

Richard A. Berk

Keyword(s):

Linear Models ◽

Recent Literature ◽

Computer Programs ◽

Iterative Proportional Fitting ◽

Nested Models ◽

Indicator Variables ◽

Interaction Variables ◽

Dichotomous Variables ◽

Using Data ◽

Log Linear

The recent literature on-log-linear models incorrectly implies that the Iterative Proportional Fitting (IPF) algorithm and associated computer programs such as ECTA can only be used to estimate hierarchical (not nonhierarchical) log-linear models. While ECTA and similar programs are designed for the estimation of hierarchical models, it is shown here that the IPF algorithm (and existing computer programs such as ECTA) can be used to estimate any nonhierarchical model and also many nested log-linear models. The former result follows directly from the symmetry between qualitative/categorical indicator variables and appropriately defined “interaction variables.” The general approach for dichotomous variables is illustrated here using data from the study of “The American Soldier” by Stouffer et al. We also illustrate how the ECTA program can be used to estimate nested models, and show the equivalence between a particular class of nested models and the model of quasi-independence.

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Technology, Ideology, and Societal Development

Sociological Perspectives ◽

10.2307/1389341 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 23-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Patrick Nolan ◽

Gerhard Lenski

Keyword(s):

Religious Beliefs ◽

Linear Models ◽

Premarital Sex ◽

Community Size ◽

Political Complexity ◽

Societal Development ◽

Using Data ◽

Log Linear

To address the question of whether ideology or technology has been the more powerful force shaping societies and their development, log-linear models are used to assess the association of typologies based on religious beliefs and on subsistence technology with indicators of: (1) community size, (2) political complexity, (3) stratification, (4) marital patterns, and (5) premarital sex norms. Using data derived from Murdock's Ethnographic Atlas, the analysis suggests that, although ideology is significantly associated with a number of important societal variables, the effects of technology are generally more powerful, more widespread, and more robust.

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