scholarly journals Perceived Neighborhood Environmental Factors Related to Sarcopenia in Urban-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 439-439
Author(s):  
Yuri Seo ◽  
Miji Kim ◽  
Hayoung Shim ◽  
Heeeun Jung ◽  
Seoyoon Jane Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Sarcopenia is common among older individuals and has adverse health outcomes. However, little is known about its association with neighborhood environmental factors. We explored the relationship between sarcopenia and neighborhood environmental factors among community-dwelling older adults aged 70–84 years in urban areas in the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. There were 1,776 participants in this cross-sectional study (mean age 75.9±3.8 years, 54.1% women). Sarcopenia was defined using the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia guidelines. The neighborhood environmental factors were assessed using the 17-item Environmental Module of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-E). The prevalence of sarcopenia was 22.5%. In the multivariate analysis adjusted for potential confounders, compared to the 5th quintile of the IPAQ-E score, the odds ratio (OR and 95% confidence interval [CI]) for sarcopenia in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th quintile were 2.14 (1.41-3.26), 1.70 (1.11-2.61), 1.76 (1.16-2.68) and 1.62 (1.07-2.47), respectively. Sarcopenia was associated with environmental factors including access to destinations (β = -0.015) and neighborhood safety (β = -0.008) (all p<0.05). Furthermore, no access to public transportation (OR 2.05, 95% CI 1.20-3.50), poor access to recreational facilities (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.02-1.92), no presence of destination (OR 1.53, 95% CI 1.07-2.21), hill hazard (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.02-1.77), and lack of safety from traffic (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.02-1.79) was associated with an increased risk of sarcopenia. Our study suggests that neighborhood environmental characteristics are associated with sarcopenia and better neighborhood environmental strategies can help prevent sarcopenia among older adults.

scholarly journals Perceived Neighborhood Environment Associated with Sarcopenia in Urban-Dwelling Older Adults: The Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study (KFACS)

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6292
Author(s):  
Yuri Seo ◽  
Miji Kim ◽  
Hyung-Eun Shin ◽  
Chang-Won Won
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Adverse Health Outcomes

Sarcopenia is associated with adverse health outcomes among older individuals. However, little is known about its association with neighborhood environmental factors. We explored the relationship between sarcopenia and perceived neighborhood environmental factors among community-dwelling older adults aged 70–84 years. We analyzed 1778 participants (mean age of 75.9 ± 3.8 years; 54.0% women) who lived in urban areas and underwent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry from the Korean Frailty and Aging Cohort Study. Sarcopenia was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 definition. Perceived neighborhood environmental factors were assessed using the Environmental Module of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-E). In the multivariate analysis, compared to the fifth quintile of the IPAQ-E score, the odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for sarcopenia in the first, second, third, and fourth quintiles were 2.13 (1.40–3.24), 1.72 (1.12–2.64), 1.75 (1.15–2.66), and 1.62 (1.06–2.47), respectively. These neighborhood environmental characteristics were linked with an increased likelihood of sarcopenia: no public transportation access (OR = 2.04; 95% CI = 1.19–3.48), poor recreational facilities access (OR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.01–1.90), absence of destination (OR = 1.53; 95% CI = 1.06–2.20), many hill hazards (OR = 1.36; 95% CI = 1.03–1.78), and lack of traffic safety (OR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.02–1.78). Thus, better neighborhood environmental strategies may help prevent sarcopenia among urban-dwelling older adults.

scholarly journals Association Between Public Transportation Use and Loneliness Among Urban Elderly People Who Stop Driving

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 233372141985129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoka Matsuda ◽  
Shunsuke Murata ◽  
Kohtaroh Torizawa ◽  
Tsunenori Isa ◽  
Aoi Ebina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Japanese Version ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Urban Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Group A ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Aim: To examine the association between public transportation use and loneliness in urban elderly who stop driving. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we assessed 31 community-dwelling older adults who had stopped driving. Public transportation use was assessed by using frequency and divided into two groups. The users group was participants who used public transportation more than once a week and the nonusers group was participants who used public transportation less than once a week. Loneliness was measured using the Japanese version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale version 3 (UCLA.LS.ver3), with a higher score indicating greater loneliness. The independent t test was used to compare the UCLA.LS.ver3 scores between users and nonusers group. A multiple linear regression model was used with the UCLA.LS.ver3 score as the objective variable and public transportation use as the explanatory variable. Results: The UCLA.LS.ver3 score was significantly higher in the nonusers group than in the users group (nonusers group: 12.7 ± 1.9; users group: 10.1 ± 2.9, p = .017). After adjustments, public transportation use was significantly associated with lower loneliness (β = −2.55, p = .029). Conclusion: Public transportation use might have important role to prevent loneliness in older adults who stop driving.

scholarly journals Association between Chronic Pain and Physical Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Nakai ◽  
Hyuma Makizako ◽  
Ryoji Kiyama ◽  
Kazutoshi Tomioka ◽  
Yoshiaki Taniguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Geriatric Depression Scale ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

This cross-sectional study investigated the association between chronic pain and physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults. We analyzed data obtained from 323 older adults (women: 74.6%) who participated in a community-based health check survey (the Tarumizu Study, 2017). Physical frailty was defined in terms of five parameters (exhaustion, slowness, weakness, low physical activity, and weight loss). We assessed the prevalence of chronic low back and knee pain using questionnaires. Participants whose pain had lasted ≥two months were considered to have chronic pain. Among all participants, 138 (42.7%) had chronic pain, and 171 (53.0%) were categorized as having physical frailty or pre-frailty. Logistic regression analysis showed that chronic pain was significantly associated with the group combining frailty and pre-frailty (odds ratio 1.68, 95% confidence interval 1.03–2.76, p = 0.040) after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, score on the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale, and medications. Comparing the proportions of chronic pain among participants who responded to the sub-items, exhaustion (yes: 65.9%, no: 39.4%) demonstrated a significant association (p < 0.001). Chronic pain could be associated with the group combining frailty and pre-frailty and is particularly associated with exhaustion in community-dwelling older adults. Therefore, there is a need for early intervention and consideration of the role of exhaustion when devising interventions for physical frailty in older individuals with chronic pain.

scholarly journals Neighborhood Environment and Objectively Measured Sedentary Behavior Among Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shao-Hsi Chang ◽  
Ru Rutherford ◽  
Ming-Chun Hsueh ◽  
Yi-Chien Yu ◽  
Jong-Hwan Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Neighborhood Environment ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Street Intersection ◽  
Sedentary Bouts

Background: We examined the relationships between objectively assessed neighborhood environment and the patterns of sedentary behavior among older adults.Methods: A total of 126 community-dwelling older adults (aged 65 years or above) were recruited. Data on neighborhood environmental attributes (resident density, street intersection density, sidewalk availability, accessible destinations, and accessible public transportation), accelerometer-assessed total time and patterns of sedentary behavior (number and duration of bouts), and sociodemographic characteristics were collected. Multiple linear regression models were developed.Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, greater sidewalk availability was negatively related to the number of sedentary bouts (β = −0.185; 95% CI: −0.362, 0.015; p = 0.034) and sedentary bout duration (β = −0.180; 95% CI: −0.354, −0.011; p = 0.037).Conclusions: This study revealed that a favorable neighborhood environment characterized by sidewalk availability is negatively associated with sedentary behavior patterns in Taiwanese older adults. These findings are critical to inform environmental policy initiatives to prevent sedentary lifestyle in older adults.

Perceived Voice Disorders in Older Adults and Impact on Social Interactions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Connie K. Porcaro ◽  
Clare Singer ◽  
Boris Djokic ◽  
Ali A. Danesh ◽  
Ruth Tappen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Voice Disorders ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Vocal Performance ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional

Purpose Many aging individuals, even those who are healthy, report voice changes that can impact their ability to communicate as they once did. While this is commonly reported, most do not seek evaluation or management for this issue. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence and differences in voice disorders in older adults, along with the effect of fatigue on their social interactions. Method This is a cross-sectional investigation of a community-dwelling sample of individuals aged 60 years or older. Participants completed the Questionnaire on Vocal Performance, the Social Engagement Index subset “Engagement in Social or Leisure Activities,” and the Fatigue Severity Scale. Results Results indicated 32.5% of the 332 participants reported symptoms of voice problems with no difference found between male and female respondents. A slight increase in report of voice problems was noted with each year of age. Participants who self-reported voice problems indicated less interaction in social activities involving communication than those who did not. Finally, as severity of self-reported voice problems increased, an increase was reported by the same individuals for signs of fatigue. Conclusions Voice problems and resulting decreased social interaction are commonly experienced by older individuals. Voice symptoms in older adults have been found to benefit from evidence-based treatment strategies. It is critical to provide education to encourage older individuals to seek appropriate evaluation and management for voice issues through a speech-language pathologist or medical professional.

scholarly journals Changes in Health Behaviors, Mental and Physical Health among Older Adults under Severe Lockdown Restrictions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (13) ◽  
pp. 7067
Author(s):  
Esther García-Esquinas ◽  
Rosario Ortolá ◽  
Iago Gine-Vázquez ◽  
José A. Carnicero ◽  
Asier Mañas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Housing Conditions ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Lifestyle Risk Factors ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Lifestyle Risk

We used data from 3041 participants in four cohorts of community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years in Spain collected through a pre-pandemic face-to-face interview and a telephone interview conducted between weeks 7 to 15 after the beginning of the COVID-19 lockdown. On average, the confinement was not associated with a deterioration in lifestyle risk factors (smoking, alcohol intake, diet, or weight), except for a decreased physical activity and increased sedentary time, which reversed with the end of confinement. However, chronic pain worsened, and moderate declines in mental health, that did not seem to reverse after restrictions were lifted, were observed. Males, older adults with greater social isolation or greater feelings of loneliness, those with poorer housing conditions, as well as those with a higher prevalence of chronic morbidities were at increased risk of developing unhealthier lifestyles or mental health declines with confinement. On the other hand, previously having a greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and doing more physical activity protected older adults from developing unhealthier lifestyles with confinement. If another lockdown were imposed during this or future pandemics, public health programs should specially address the needs of older individuals with male sex, greater social isolation, sub-optimal housing conditions, and chronic morbidities because of their greater vulnerability to the enacted movement restrictions.

scholarly journals Visual Acuity’s Association With Levels of Leisure-Time Physical Activity in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark W. Swanson ◽  
Eric Bodner ◽  
Patricia Sawyer ◽  
Richard M. Allman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
University Of Alabama ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The University

Little is known about the effect of reduced vision on physical activity in older adults. This study evaluates the association of visual acuity level, self-reported vision, and ocular disease conditions with leisure-time physical activity and calculated caloric expenditure. A cross-sectional study of 911 subjects 65 yr and older from the University of Alabama at Birmingham Study of Aging (SOA) cohort was conducted evaluating the association of vision-related variables to weekly kilocalorie expenditure calculated from the 17-item Leisure Time Physical Activity Questionnaire. Ordinal logistic regression was used to evaluate possible associations while controlling for potential confounders. In multivariate analyses, each lower step in visual acuity below 20/50 was significantly associated with reduced odds of having a higher level of physical activity, OR 0.81, 95% CI 0.67, 0.97. Reduced visual acuity appears to be independently associated with lower levels of physical activity among community-dwelling adults.

scholarly journals Relationship between Oral Hypofunction and Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Otassha Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6666
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Kugimiya ◽  
Masanori Iwasaki ◽  
Yuki Ohara ◽  
Keiko Motokawa ◽  
Ayako Edahiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Tongue Pressure ◽  
Swallowing Function ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
The Relationship

Oral hypofunction, resulting from a combined decrease in multiple oral functions, may affect systemic-condition deterioration; however, few studies have examined the association between oral hypofunction and general health among older adults. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the relationship between oral hypofunction and sarcopenia in community-dwelling older adults. We included 878 adults (268 men and 610 women, mean age 76.5 ± 8.3 years). Tongue coating index, oral moisture, occlusal force, oral diadochokinesis (/pa/,/ta/,/ka/), tongue pressure, mas-ticatory function, and swallowing function were evaluated as indicators of oral hypofunction. Grip strength, gait speed, and skeletal muscle mass index were measured as diagnostic sarcopenia parameters. The association between oral hypofunction and sarcopenia was examined via logistic regression using sarcopenia as the dependent variable. Oral hypofunction prevalence was 50.5% overall, 40.3% in men, and 54.9% in women. The prevalence of sarcopenia was 18.6% overall, 9.7% in men, and 22.5% in women. A logistic regression showed oral hypofunction, age, body mass index, higher-level functional capacity, and serum albumin level were significantly associated with sarcopenia. Sarcopenia occurred at an increased frequency in patients diagnosed with oral hypofunction (odds ratio: 1.59, 95% confidence interval: 1.02–2.47); accordingly, oral hypofunction appears to be significantly associated with sarcopenia.

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