scholarly journals Social Support Changes in Response to Retirement

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 442-442
Author(s):  
Brittany King
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Social Lives ◽  
Negative Change ◽  
Significant Positive Change ◽  
Received Social Support ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Retirement is an influential life course transition, that has potential to impact overall well-being as well as our social lives. The extent to which our social lives are changed is dependent upon the resources available both pre- and post-retirement. Research on retirement has focused on how well-being is changed, through measures such as depression, and conceptualize social support as a resource that can help offset some of the associated negative consequences. However, it is unclear how that resource of social support is itself being impacted. This study uses 2008-2016 Health and Retirement Study (HRS) data to assesses if how social support changes is dependent upon timing of retirement or whether the individual was forced to retire (N=1,933). Ordinary least squares regression (OLS) and marginal effects are used to assess the change in support and to test if the effects differentially impact certain groups. Preliminary results from this study show that men who have been retired for two waves report a significant negative change (p<0.05) in their in-person interactions with children, whereas women who have been retired for the same amount of time report a significant positive change (p<0.01) in their interactions with children. Additionally, women who are forced to retire report a significant (p<0.05) increase in their in-person interactions with children. These findings suggest that factors such as timing of retirement and forced retirement are important factors in understanding how received social support changes.

scholarly journals The Roles of Marital Dissolution and Subsequent Repartnering on Loneliness in Later Life

2019 ◽  
Vol 75 (8) ◽  
pp. 1796-1807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R Wright ◽  
Anna M Hammersmith ◽  
Susan L Brown ◽  
I-Fen Lin
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Marital Dissolution ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Gerontological Research ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Objectives Loneliness in later life is associated with poorer health and higher risk of mortality. Our study assesses whether gray divorced adults report higher levels of loneliness than the widowed and whether social support or repartnership offset loneliness. Method Using data from the 2010 and 2012 Health and Retirement Study, we estimated ordinary least squares regression models for women (n = 2,362) and men (n = 1,127) to examine differences in loneliness by dissolution pathway (i.e., divorce versus widowhood), accounting for social support and repartnership. Results Divorced men were lonelier than their widowed counterparts. Although social support reduced loneliness among men, the difference between the divorced and widowed persisted. Repartnership assuaged men’s loneliness and reduced the variation between divorced and widowed men. Among women, the results did not reveal differences in loneliness for the divorced and widowed although social support and repartnership linked to less loneliness. Discussion Later-life marital dissolutions increasingly occur through divorce rather than spousal death. Some older adults go on to form new partnerships. Our findings demonstrate the importance of gerontological research widening the lens beyond widowhood to consider the ramifications of later-life divorce and repartnership for well-being.

scholarly journals Toward a dynamic model of Gelotophobia: Social support, workplace bullying and stress are connected with diverging trajectories of life and job satisfaction among Gelotophobes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willibald Ruch ◽  
Alexander G. Stahlmann
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Work Stress ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Workplace Bullying ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Dynamic Framework ◽  
And Performance

Abstract Recent theoretical advances have grounded gelotophobia (Greek: gelos = laughter, phobos = fear) in a dynamic framework of causes, moderating factors, and consequences of the fear of being laughed at. This understanding corresponds to that of vulnerability and translates gelotophobia into a distinguishable pattern of lacking resources (i.e., misinterpretation of joy and laughter) that can result in negative consequences (e.g., reduced well-being and performance) if individuals have no access to further resources (e.g., social support) or are exposed to severe stressors (e.g., workplace bullying). Based on the panel data provided by the Swiss National Centre of Competence in Research LIVES (N = 2469 across six measurement intervals), this study takes the first step toward empirically testing this model’s assumptions: First, we computed exemplary zero-order correlations and showed that gelotophobia was negatively connected with social support (resource) and life and job satisfaction (consequences) and positively connected with perceived stress, work stress, and workplace bullying (stressors). Second, we used longitudinal cluster analyses (KmL; k-means-longitudinal) and showed that the panel data can be clustered into three stable patterns of life and job satisfaction and that gelotophobia is primarily related to the two clusters marked by lower levels of satisfaction. Third, we computed partial correlations and showed that social support, perceived stress, and work stress (but not workplace bullying) can weaken or completely resolve gelotophobia’s relationships with such diverging trajectories of life and job satisfaction. We concluded that seeing gelotophobia through the lens of vulnerability is useful and that such research warrants further attention using more dedicated, theoretically grounded projects.

scholarly journals Challenging Cognitive Demands at Work, Related Working Conditions, and Employee Well-Being

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 2911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie-Charlotte Meyer ◽  
Lena Hünefeld
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Work Characteristics ◽  
Work Demands ◽  
Working Population ◽  
Cognitive Demands ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Cognitive Work ◽  
The Individual

In times of digitalized workplaces the extent of challenging cognitive demands at work is rising and employees increasingly have to manage new and unlearned tasks. Yet, these work characteristics have received little attention on how they relate to the worker’s well-being. Thus, we analyze associations between cognitive work demands—also in interaction with other job characteristics—and indicators of employee well-being. The analyses are based on the BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey 2018, a cross-section that is representative for the German working population and covers approximately 20,000 employed individuals. Ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions suggest that cognitive demands are associated with a higher probability of feeling fatigued. In contrast, the results with respect to the employees’ self-rated health status and job satisfaction are ambiguous, depending on which cognitive demand is considered. Overall, the findings indicate that cognitive demands might be related to both resource and demand, depending on the individual resources of employees.

scholarly journals Exploring the Association between Life Perceptions and Emotional Profiles in Taiwan: Empirical Evidence from the National Well-Being Indicators Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4209
Author(s):  
Mei-Yin Kuan ◽  
Jiun-Hao Wang ◽  
Yu-Chang Liou ◽  
Li-Pei Peng
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Life Domains ◽  
Least Squares Regression

Most of the studies on subjective well-being have focused on positive emotions. The adverse effect of negative emotions on mental health has been overlooked. This study investigates the extent to which specific life perceptions are associated with emotional profiles, and explores relevant factors that effectively enhance subjective well-being. The data were drawn from 4656 respondents in the 2015 National Well-being Indicators Survey in Taiwan. T-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and ordinary least squares regression were conducted. The results reveal that perceptions of all life domains are positively associated with life satisfaction and happiness. Depression and worry are negatively associated with most of the life perceptions, except for environmental quality. These results demonstrate that the emotional profile approach sheds light on current literature on subjective well-being, and suggests that strategies to increase well-being should take positive and negative emotion into account simultaneously. The findings contribute by confirming which life domains can produce the best or worst outcomes in emotional regulation and positively influence mental health. Given that personal safety and the future security of external types is the most crucial factor within the emotional profiles, social welfare and protection programs would be an important strategy to increase subjective well-being.

scholarly journals PLANNING FOR FUTURE CARE NEEDS: THE IMPORTANCE OF PERCEIVED NEED

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S456-S456
Author(s):  
Julie A Gorenko ◽  
Calandra Speirs ◽  
Candace Konnert ◽  
Claire McGuinness ◽  
Camille Mori
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Future Health ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Future Care ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Despite the demonstrated need to plan for future care needs, many individuals fail to engage in planning, often with negative consequences for their future health and well-being (Lee, Mason, & Cotlear, 2010). Theoretically, the propensity to utilize planning resources may be related to the perceived need for care in the future, a demonstrated predictor of the utilization of health and mental health services (Andersen, 1995; Karlin, Duffy, & Greaves, 2008). The purpose of this study was to examine perceptions of need for future care in combination with predisposing (age, financial security, attitudes towards planning) and enabling (anticipated support, satisfaction with family discussions about future care needs) variables in predicting planning behavior. The sample was comprised of 385 adults, aged 50 years and older (M=66.5, SD=9.3, range=50-92). Hierarchical regression analyses entered two well-established predictors, age and financial security in step 1, and attitudes towards planning, anticipated support, satisfaction with family discussions, and perception of need in step 2. Age and financial security explained 17% of the variance in planning; the addition of step 2 variables explained 33% of the variance and R-squared was significant (p<.001). All predictors were significant at p<.001, with the exception of anticipatory support (p<.05). These results support both the individual (i.e. positive attitudes, perceived need) and contextual nature of planning, in particular the belief that support will be available when you need it and the benefits of family discussions in facilitating planning. Recommendations for enhancing successful planning among individuals and their families will be presented.

Impact of disclosure of risk factors on the initial returns of initial public offerings (IPOs)

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaista Wasiuzzaman ◽  
Fook Lye Kevin Yong ◽  
Sheela Devi D. Sundarasen ◽  
Noor Shahaliza Othman
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Initial Public Offerings ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Investment Risk ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Risk Disclosure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Offerings ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Overall Risk

Purpose When a firm goes public for the first time, its prospectus serves as an important reference for investors. It is required by regulation that the risk factors which have significant influence on the business be disclosed in the prospectus. The purpose of this study is to analyze how disclosure of these risk factors influences the initial returns of initial public offerings (IPOs). Design/methodology/approach To do this, a sample of 96 Malaysian new equity offerings (IPOs) from year 2009 to year 2013 is used. Ordinary least squares regression technique is used to regress initial returns against risk disclosures. Aside from overall risk disclosure, individual dimensions of risk (internal risk, external risk and investment risk) are also considered. Findings Results of the regression analyses reveal a direct relationship between the IPO initial returns and the disclosure of risk. Overall risk disclosure is found to be highly significant in influencing initial returns. However, further investigation into the individual group of risks shows that only investment risk is highly significant in influencing IPO initial returns. Originality/value The results found in this study are interesting as, unlike prior studies, it is shown that disclosures of internal and external risks are not significant in influencing investors’ actions possibly because of their generalizability, whereas disclosures related to investment risks are significant. Equity of firms which disclose more of its risk factors can be expected to generate higher initial returns.

scholarly journals Wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: a secondary data analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jen Murphy ◽  
Mark Elliot
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
National Level ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Survey Responses ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: In March 2020 in response to the COVID pandemic the UK government declared a national lockdown where citizens were required to stay at home. The impact of this lockdown on levels of well-being has been a source of concern for citizens and mental health professionals.Objectives: We investigated the trajectory of well-being over the course of the ?first wave and sought to determine whether the change in well-being is distributed equally across the population. Speci?fically we investigated pre-existing medical conditions, social isolation, ?financial stress and deprivation as a predictor for well-being and whether there were community level characteristics which protect against poorer well-being.Methods: Using online survey responses from the COVID19 modules of Understanding society, we linked 8,379 English cases across ?five waves of data collection to location based deprivation statistics. We used ordinary least squares regression to estimate the association between deprivation, pre-existing conditions and socio-demographic factors and the change in well-being scores over time, as measured by the GHQ-12 questionnaire.Results: A decline in well-being was observed at the beginning of the fi?rst lock down period at the beginning of March 2020. This was matched with a corresponding recovery between April and July as restrictions were gradually lifted. There was no association between the decline and deprivation, nor between deprivation and recovery. The strongest predictor of well-being during the lockdown, was the baseline score, with the counterintuitive finding that for those will pre-existing poor well-being, the impact of pandemic restrictions on mental health were minimal, but for those who had previously felt well, the restrictions and the impact of the pandemic on well-being were much greater.Conclusion: These data show no evidence of a social gradient in well-being related to the pandemic. In fact, wellbeing was shown to be highly elastic in this period indicating a national level of resilience which cut across the usually observed health inequalities.

scholarly journals Elder Mistreatment and Psychological Well-Being among Older Americans

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7525
Author(s):  
Ronald W. Berkowsky
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Elder Mistreatment ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Older Americans

Elder mistreatment is a major public health issue both in the US and around the globe. While extensive research has elucidated the association between elder mistreatment and health in older adults, little is known about the relationship between elder mistreatment and more eudaimonic measures of psychological well-being. Using data from the 2011 wave of the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study, this project examined the association between older adults’ experience with varied forms of elder mistreatment and eudaimonic dimensions of psychological well-being including autonomy, environmental mastery, personal growth, positive relations with others, purpose in life, and self-acceptance. Ordinary least squares regression analyses found significant associations between experiences of elder mistreatment and psychological well-being. In particular, older adults who reported feeling that someone was too controlling over their daily lives and older adults who reported making donations to organizations they later worried were not legitimate reported significantly lower scores on all six psychological well-being dimensions. The results of this study suggest the negative effects of elder mistreatment can extend to more eudaimonic feelings of well-being, and programs designed to treat victims of elder mistreatment should incorporate strategies that help strengthen psychological well-being.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN SOCIAL SUPPORT AND THE INFLUENCE OF DRIVING CESSATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S753-S754
Author(s):  
Brittany M King
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Social Engagement ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Driving Cessation ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Emotional Social Support

Abstract Driving cessation has been shown to be a potentially isolating transition in life, with important implications for mental health, social isolation, and social support. Older adults who live alone are vulnerable to social isolation in the context of driving cessation. Although some research has examined the association between driving cessation and certain kinds of social engagement activities, no research has specifically examined changes in social support, particularly among older adults most vulnerable to social isolation – those who live alone . The present study addresses this gap, using data drawn from the 2006-2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) to examine how social support changes in the context of driving cessation among older adults who live alone (N=412). This study specifically focuses on instrumental and emotional social support, and how different sources of the support (children, friends, and other family) are influenced by loss of driving. I use a series of ordinary least squares regression (OLS) to examine four-year changes in various forms of social support among those who live alone, comparing those who lose the ability to drive relative to their continuously driving counterparts. Preliminary results indicate that driving cessation is associated with decline in perceived instrumental support of friends (-0.984, p<01) for older adults who live alone. However, these effects did not extend to children or other family members. These results suggest that loss of driving may perpetuate vulnerabilities facing individuals who live alone by leading to lower levels of perceived support from non-family members.

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