Time-Varying Associations of Physical Activity on Weekdays and Weekend Days in Minority Older Adults

Abstract Older adults are insufficiently physically active, and therefore, are at an increased health risk. However, less is known about the moment-to-moment physical activity behavior patterns that change across the day. The current study utilized accelerometry to better understand diurnal physical activity patterns. Minority older adults (N=91, age M=70.14, 96% Black/African American) participated in an 8-day study where they wore an ActivPAL accelerometer to measure physical activity. Physical activity was operationalized as stepping in the 60-minute window (±30-min) around a given moment. Time varying-effect modeling was used to determine how physical activity patterns change over the course of weekdays and weekend days. Results are rounded to the 5-min interval. On weekdays, time spent stepping increased from 8:00am (B=7.16, 95%CI: 5.04, 9.27) until peaking at 11:10am (B=8.46, 95%CI: 6.59, 10.33), slowly decreased to the lowest point at 6:10pm (B=6.72, 95%CI: 4.82, 8.62), and then increased slightly in the evening. On weekend days, time spent stepping was lowest at 8:00am (B=4.47, 95%CI: 2.14, 6.80), peaked at 12:20pm (B=5.50, 95%CI: 3.22, 7.78), gradually decreased until 5:50pm (B=5.21, 95%CI: 2.90, 7.52), and then increased slightly in the evening. Minority older adults engage in more stepping time around mid-day, but less stepping in the late afternoon to early evening on both weekdays and weekend days. Self-care activities (e.g., mealtime, bed-time routines) may influence older adults’ physical activity. This work identifies vulnerable times during the day when older adults engage in relatively low levels of physical activity which may be of interest for interventions.

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Concern about Falling and Complexity of Free-Living Physical Activity Patterns in Well-Functioning Older Adults

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000490310 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (6) ◽

pp. 603-611 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Anisoara Paraschiv-Ionescu ◽

Christophe J. Büla ◽

Kristof Major ◽

Constanze Lenoble-Hoskovec ◽

Hélène Krief ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Everyday Life ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Physical Activity Behavior ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Free Living ◽

Physical Activity Patterns ◽

Activity Behavior

Background: Fall-related psychological concerns are common among older adults, potentially contributing to functional decline as well as to restriction of activities and social participation. To effectively prevent such negative consequences, it is important to understand how even very low concern about falling could affect physical activity behavior in everyday life. We hypothesized that concern about falling is associated with a reduction in diversity, dynamics, and performance of daily activities, and that these features can be comprehensively quantified in terms of complexity of physical activity patterns. Methods: A sample of 40 community-dwelling older adults were assessed for concern about falling using the Falls Efficacy Scale-International (FES-I). Free-living physical activity was assessed using a set of metrics derived from data recorded with a chest-worn tri-axial accelerometer. The devised metrics characterized physical activity behavior in terms of endurance (total locomotion time, longest locomotion period, usual walking cadence), performance (cadence of longest locomotion period, locomotion periods with at least 30 steps and 100 steps/min), and complexity of physical activity patterns. Complexity was quantified according to variations in type, intensity, and duration of activities, and was considered as an adaptive response to environmental exigencies over the course of the day. Results: Based on FES-I score, participants were classified into two groups: not concerned at all/fully confident (n = 25) and concerned/less confident (n = 15). Demographic and health-related variables did not differ significantly between groups. Comparison of physical activity behavior indicated no significant differences for endurance-related metrics. In contrast, performance and complexity metrics were significantly lower in the less confident group compared to the fully confident group. Among all metrics, complexity of physical activity patterns appeared as the most discriminative feature between fully confident and less confident participants (p = 0.001, non-parametric Cliff’s delta effect size = 0.63). Conclusions: These results extend our understanding of the interplay between low concern about falling and physical activity behavior of community-dwelling older persons in their everyday life context. This information could serve to better design and evaluate personalized intervention programs in future prospective studies.

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Objective measurements of daily physical activity patterns and sedentary behaviour in older adults: Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study

Age and Ageing ◽

10.1093/ageing/afs160 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 222-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Nanna Yr Arnardottir ◽

Annemarie Koster ◽

Dane R. Van Domelen ◽

Robert J. Brychta ◽

Paolo Caserotti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Sedentary Behaviour ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Daily Physical Activity ◽

Physical Activity Patterns ◽

Objective Measurements ◽

Gene Environment

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Physical Activity Patterns, Assessment and Motivation in Older Adults

Gender, Physical Activity, and Aging ◽

10.1201/b14223-3 ◽

2001 ◽

pp. 13-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sara Wilcox ◽

Catrine Tudor-Locke ◽

Barbara Ainsworth

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Physical Activity Patterns

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TRENDS IN PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PATTERNS AMONG OLDER ADULTS. THE BEHAVIORAL RISK FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM, 1986???1990

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise ◽

10.1249/00005768-199205001-00153 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 24 (Supplement) ◽

pp. S26 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

C. J. Caspersen ◽

R. K. Merrill

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Surveillance System ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Behavioral Risk ◽

Behavioral Risk Factor ◽

Physical Activity Patterns ◽

Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance ◽

Risk Factor Surveillance

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The influence of life events on physical activity patterns of Dutch older adults: A life history method

Psychology and Health ◽

10.1080/08870446.2014.934687 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 627-651 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Elise J. Kenter ◽

Winifred A. Gebhardt ◽

Irene Lottman ◽

Mariët van Rossum ◽

Margreet Bekedam ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Life History ◽

Life Events ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Physical Activity Patterns

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513Ophthalmic disease and older adults’ sedentary and physically-active behaviors: Findings from the NEIGE study

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyab168.038 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Shiho Amagasa ◽

Shigeru Inoue ◽

Hiroshi Murayama ◽

Takeo Fujiwara ◽

Hiroyuki Kikuchi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Living Arrangement ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Physically Active ◽

Reciprocal Influences

Abstract Background Physical inactivity can be associated adversely with markers of eye health, but little is known about how ophthalmic disease (OD) may be related to sedentary behaviour (SB) and different intensities of physical activity in older adults. We compared device-assessed time spent in SB, light-intensity PA (LPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) between older adults with and without OD. Methods A randomly-recruited sample of 512 community-dwelling older adults (47% male; aged 65–84 years) in Japan wore a valid tri-axial accelerometer for seven consecutive days in 2017. Prevalence of OD was assessed by medical interview. Times spent in SB, LPA, and MVPA were compared between those with and without OD by compositional multivariate analysis of covariance, adjusting for potential confounders (gender, age, residential area, living arrangement, working, body mass index, self-rated health, and cognitive function). Results Overall, percent times spent in SB, LPA, and MVPA during waking hours were 51.0, 44.6, and 4.4, respectively; and, 167 (36.5%) had OD. Activity patterns differed significantly between those with and without OD: in those with OD, the proportion of time spent in MVPA relative to other behaviours was lower, and the proportion of time spent in SB relative to other behaviours was higher. Conclusions Older adults with OD were found to be less physically active than those without. Key messages While these cross-sectional findings need to be confirmed by evidence from prospective studies, the reciprocal influences of OD and inactivity in older adults should be addressed as scientific, clinical and public health considerations.

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Comparison and Relationship of VO2peak and Physical Activity Patterns in Elementary and High School Females

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.10.2.153 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 153-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mark Loftin ◽

Patricia Strikmiller ◽

Barbara Warren ◽

Leann Myers ◽

Leslie Schroth ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

High School ◽

Vigorous Physical Activity ◽

Activity Patterns ◽

Habitual Physical Activity ◽

Treadmill Running ◽

Physical Activity Patterns ◽

Median Correlation ◽

Low Levels ◽

Relationship Of

Peak cardiorespiratory responses, physical activity patterns, and the association of VO2peak and physical activity were examined in 16 elementary (ES) and 16 high school (HS) females. Peak responses were assessed during treadmill running, and physical activity patterns were examined over two 12-hour weekdays. Results indicated similar relative VO2peak responses between groups (ES: M = 46.8 ml · kg−1 · min−1;HS:M = 46.6 ml · kg−1 · min−1). No statistical differences (p ≤ .05) were noted when moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and vigorous physical activity (VPA) were compared. Also, a three-way (Group × HR level × Sustained minutes) ANOVA revealed no statistical differences. A median correlation (r = .27) was found from 8 independent correlations of habitual physical activity and VO2peak. ES and HS appeared similar in regard to VO2peak, accumulative and sustained MVPA and VPA. Low levels of sustained MVPA and VPA (≥ 10 min) were evident in both groups.

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