Hepten inhibitors of the endogenous galactose binding lectins and anti-lectin antibodies inhibit primitive streak formation in the early chick embryo

Jasmine Jeeva; Sara E. Zalik

doi:10.1093/glycob/6.5.517

A fate map of the epiblast of the early chick embryo

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.120.10.2879 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 120 (10) ◽

pp. 2879-2889 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Y. Hatada ◽

C.D. Stern

Keyword(s):

Chick Embryo ◽

Primitive Streak ◽

Cell Types ◽

Cell Populations ◽

Fate Map ◽

Early Chick Embryo ◽

Carbocyanine Dyes

We have used carbocyanine dyes (DiI and DiO) to generate fate maps for the epiblast layer of the chick embryo between stage X and the early primitive streak stage (stages 2–3). The overall distribution of presumptive cell types in these maps is similar to that described for other laboratory species (zebrafish, frog, mouse). Our maps also reveal certain patterns of movement for these presumptive areas. Most areas converge towards the midline and then move anteriorly along it. Interestingly, however, some presumptive tissue types do not take part in these predominant movements, but behave in a different way, even if enclosed within an area that does undergo medial convergence and anterior movement. The apparently independent behaviour of certain cell populations suggests that at least some presumptive cell types within the epiblast are already specified at preprimitive streak stages.

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Transient embryonic antigens in the chick

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.12.3.511 ◽

1964 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 511-516

Author(s):

D. J. McCallion ◽

J. C. Trott

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Chick Embryo ◽

Primitive Streak ◽

Adult Chicken ◽

Tissue Specific ◽

Chicken Brain ◽

Early Chick Embryo ◽

Embryonic Antigens ◽

Specific Antigens ◽

The Brain

The Presence of an organ antigen in the early chick embryo was first demonstrated by Schechtman (1948). He found that an antigenic substance common to brain, heart, liver and muscle of chicks at hatching is already present in primitive streak and early neurula stages of the embryo. This observation, with respect to brain and heart, was subsequently confirmed by Ebert (1950). McCallion & Langman (1964) have recently demonstrated that there are at least eight antigenic substances in the adult chicken brain that are class-specific but that are more or less common to other organs, with only quantitative differences. These authors have further demonstrated that there are at least three, possibly as many as five, antigenic substances in adult chicken brain that are not only class-specific but also tissue-specific, occurring only in the brain, spinal cord, nervous retina and nerves. The non-specific antigens appear progressively during the first 4 days of incubation.

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On Duplicitas Anterior in an Early Chick Embryo

Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh ◽

10.1017/s0370164600051543 ◽

1899 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. 622-630 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Thomas H. Bryce

Keyword(s):

Chick Embryo ◽

Small Proportion ◽

Partial Information ◽

Primitive Streak ◽

Serial Sections ◽

Early Chick Embryo ◽

Stage 1

The literature of Duplicity in Birds affords, out of a total of about ninety-five recorded cases of multiple formations of all kinds on a single blastoderm, from the stage of the primitive streak to the fourth day of incubation, only a small proportion of instances of “duplicitas anterior.” Dareste (i.) in his atlas figures three; Gerlach (ii.) adds representations of three others—one case of his own, a second originally described by Ahlfeld, and a third by Reichert; Klaussner (iii.) gives a seventh case; and Bianchi (iv.) describes a monstrous embryo at a later stage (1°5 cm. in length).Most observers have been content with the partial information derived from the study of the whole object, and only three embryos of this class, which have been studied in serial sections, have been described:—1st. Erich Hoffman's (v.) with three somites.2nd. Mitrophanow's (vi.) with six somites.3rd. Kaestner's (vii.) with seven somites.

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Fates and migratory routes of primitive streak cells in the chick embryo

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.122.5.1523 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 122 (5) ◽

pp. 1523-1534 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

D. Psychoyos ◽

C.D. Stern

Keyword(s):

Chick Embryo ◽

Primitive Streak ◽

Final Position ◽

Fate Map ◽

Early Chick Embryo ◽

Carbocyanine Dyes ◽

Early Stages ◽

Migratory Routes ◽

Pass Through ◽

Different Tissues

We have used carbocyanine dyes to fate map the primitive streak in the early chick embryo, from stages 3+ (mid-primitive streak) to 9 (8 somites). We show that presumptive notochord, foregut and medial somite do not originate solely from Hensen's node, but also from the anterior primitive streak. At early stages (4- and 4), there is no correlation between specific anteroposterior levels of the primitive streak and the final position of their descendants in the notochord. We describe in detail the contribution of specific levels of the primitive streak to the medial and lateral halves of the somites. To understand how the descendants of labelled cells reach their destinations in different tissues, we have followed the movement of labelled cells during their emigration from the primitive streak in living embryos, and find that cells destined to different structures follow defined pathways of movement, even if they arise from similar positions in the streak. Somite and notochord precursors migrate anteriorly within the streak and pass through different portions of the node; this provides an explanation for the segregation of notochord and somite territories in the node.

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Metabolic Characteristics of the Heart-forming Areas of the Early Chick Embryo

Development ◽

10.1242/dev.5.4.324 ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 324-339

Author(s):

Lowell M. Duffey ◽

James D. Ebert

Keyword(s):

Chick Embryo ◽

Primitive Streak ◽

Cardiac Myosin ◽

Early Chick Embryo ◽

Metabolic Characteristics ◽

Process Stage ◽

Cardiac Actin ◽

Cardiac Contractile ◽

Sequence Of Events ◽

Cardiac Contractile Proteins

Our knowledge of the sequence of events that culminate in the onset of contracility in the heart of the early chick embryo has been evaluated by Ebert, Tolman, Mun, & Albright (1955). Immunochemical analyses made during the initial phases of cardiogenesis, which precede the appearance of recognizable cardiac primordia, indicate that in the embryo at the head-process stage the distribution of the proteins, cardiac myosin (Ebert, 1953), and cardiac actin (Ebert et al., 1955), coincides with the heart-forming areas as defined by isolation methods (Rawles, 1943). In earlier stages detectable quantities of cardiac actin are absent, and cardiac myosin is distributed throughout the epiblast in the embryo at the definitive primitive streak stage. Present concepts of the synthesis and distribution of the cardiac contractile proteins are based on the sensitivity of the immunochemical methods.

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