8. Human rights

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Immanuel Kant ◽  
John Locke ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Natural Rights ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
International Diplomacy

This chapter examines issues arising from analyses and critiques of human rights, including the nature and significance of rights in general, and the functions of human rights. It considers the philosophical and practical justifications for believing (or not believing) in human rights, different theories concerning how we might determine the content and scope of human rights, and how human rights should be implemented. Key themes discussed in this chapter include natural rights and the rights of man. A case study on torture and counter-terrorism is presented, along with Key Thinkers boxes featuring John Locke and Immanuel Kant. The chapter suggests that normative political theorists should promote a vision of human rights that relies primarily on political participation, progressive human rights legislation, and morally informed international diplomacy, rather than the transfer of political power from governments to courts.

scholarly journals Osu caste system and human rights in Igboland, 1900-2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
O.T. Abia ◽  
Nneka Sophie Amalu ◽  
Chrisantus K. Ariche
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
John Locke ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Caste System ◽  
Natural Rights ◽  
Human Rights Education ◽  
Psychological Counselling ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social

Discrimination and caste systems are rife in every society. In Igboland, the Osu caste system is a form of discriminatory practise where the Igbo society is divided into the Diala and Osu. The problem is that this divide comes with human rights restrictions and violations on the part of the Osu which go unreported and unaddressed at both national and international discourses. Literature on the Osu caste system has majorly focused on various aspects with little attention paid to the human rights dimension of the Osu caste system. Thus, this paper seeks to examine the Osu caste system within the human rights prism. The natural rights theory of John Locke is used as framework of analysis. Findings reveal that the people call Osu face all forms of discrimination and violations of their fundamental human rights. Education and psychological counselling, among other factors were recommended in order to eliminate the caste system. Also, religious bodies as well as the social media can play a vital role in the campaign against the Osu caste system.

scholarly journals A DOUTRINA LOCKIANA DOS DIREITOS NATURAIS COMO FUNDAMENTAÇÃO DA DEFESA DOS DIREITOS HUMANOS

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (104) ◽  
pp. 401
Author(s):  
Otacílio Rodrigues da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
John Locke ◽  
Natural Rights ◽  
Human Beings

Este artigo busca apresentar as idéias fundamentais da doutrina dos direitos naturais segundo a concepção de John Locke como uma proposta de fundamentação da defesa dos Direitos Humanos. Aqui serão desenvolvidos os seguintes temas: a) jusnaturalismo tradicional; b) jusnaturalismo moderno; c) jusnaturalismo lockiano; d) direitos naturais (vida, liberdade e propriedade); e) defesa dos direitos humanos. O pensamento de Locke sobre os direitos naturais é vastíssimo e se encontra presente em suas diversas obras e diferentes perspectivas de análise. Contudo, daremos ênfase às perspectivas antropológica e ética. Antropologicamente, o indivíduo é entendido como um ser dotado de direitos, cuja tarefa das instituições é conservá-los. O caráter ético se manifesta a partir da socialização e universalização dos direitos em função da promoção humana.Abstract: This article aims at presenting the fundamental ideas of John Locke’s natural rights doctrine as the basis for the defense of Human rights. The following themes will be analyzed here: a) traditional jusnaturalism; b) modern jusnaturalism; c) lockeian jusnaturalism; d) natural rights (life, freedom and property); e) defense of human rights. Locke’s thought on natural rights is very wide and appears in several of his works with different perspectives. However, we will give emphasis to the anthropological and ethical analyses. Anthropologically speaking, human-beings are conceived as people having rights and the task of institutions is to preserve those rights. The ethical attribute reveals itself from the socialization and universalization of the rights towards human promotion.

scholarly journals HUMAN RIGHTS AND LAW ENFORCEMENT: THE USE OF FORCE IN COUNTER TERRORISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-139
Author(s):  
Tubagus Ami Prindani ◽  
Imam Subandi ◽  
Marthinus Hukom ◽  
Fayreizha Destika Putri
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Use Of Force ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
Counter Terrorism ◽  
National Police

This paper aims at discussing the legal as well as the human rights impact on the use of force and firearms by law enforcement officers in the event of counter terrorism, case study of the Indonesian National Police Counter Terrorism Special Detachment 88 CT (Densus 88 AT Polri). The discussion focuses on the nature of the use of force as well as the use of lethal firearms by law enforcement officers made possible by international legislation and provisions on human rights. Is it possible that the use of force and lethal weapons is still in line with respecting and upholding human rights?  How does the state's accountability in the event of use a force by law enforcement officers? How is the validity of the use of deadly forces in the event of arrest or raids conducted by police?  Is it true that human rights are always contrary to police duties?

scholarly journals Division of Property and Expansion of Rights of Political Participation: primogeniture and the Rebuttal of Patriarchalism in James Tyrrell and John Locke

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (38) ◽  
pp. 223-236
Author(s):  
Cláudia Elias Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Present Article ◽  
John Locke ◽  
Political Power ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Considerable Part ◽  
The Status

The political writings of two English philosophers of the seventeenth century – James Tyrrell and John Locke – devote a considerable part of their thought to the rebuttal of Sir Robert Filmer’s patriarchalism. Both defend, as an alternative to an absolute political power based on the paternal right of the king, a government established by the consent of those who are governed; and both assume the topic of primogeniture as central in their counter-arguments against patriarchalism. The present article intends to focus on the anti-patriarchalism arguments devoted to the second topic. Mainly, it tries to identify the reason that may be behind the choice of Sir Robert’s critics to deny a right of primogeniture, when that right was in force in their country in the seventeenth century. Departing from the assumption that, then, the exercise of political rights relied of the status of proprietary, then the defense of the end of primogeniture, and the consequent possibility of the division of property by the various members of one family, may open the door to an expansion of the rights of political participation.

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