William L. Shirer and International Awareness of the Nazi “Euthanasia” Program

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-457
Author(s):  
Thorsten Noack
Keyword(s):  
Nazi Euthanasia ◽  
International Awareness

scholarly journals Molecular Analyses of TEM Genes and Their Corresponding Penicillinase-Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae Isolates in Bangkok, Thailand

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 916-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-ichi Nakayama ◽  
Chanwit Tribuddharat ◽  
Sasiprapa Prombhul ◽  
Ken Shimuta ◽  
Somporn Srifuengfung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Sexual Network ◽  
Genetic Event ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Resistance To Penicillin ◽  
High Level ◽  
International Awareness

ABSTRACTNeisseria gonorrhoeaeis a major public health problem globally, especially because the bacterium has developed resistance to most antimicrobials introduced for first-line treatment of gonorrhea. In the present study, 96N. gonorrhoeaeisolates with high-level resistance to penicillin from 121 clinical isolates in Thailand were examined to investigate changes related to their plasmid-mediated penicillin resistance and their molecular epidemiological relationships. A β-lactamase (TEM) gene variant,blaTEM-135, that may be a precursor in the transitional stage of a traditionalblaTEM-1gene into an extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL), possibly causing high resistance to all extended-spectrum cephalosporins inN. gonorrhoeae, was identified. Clonal analysis using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) andN. gonorrhoeaemultiantigen sequence typing (NG-MAST) revealed the existence of a sexual network among patients from Japan and Thailand. Molecular analysis of theblaTEM-135gene showed that the emergence of this allele might not be a rare genetic event and that the allele has evolved in different plasmid backgrounds, which results possibly indicate that it is selected due to antimicrobial pressure. The presence of theblaTEM-135allele in the penicillinase-producingN. gonorrhoeaepopulation may call for monitoring for the possible emergence of ESBL-producingN. gonorrhoeaein the future. This study identified ablaTEMvariant (blaTEM-135) that is a possible intermediate precursor for an ESBL, which warrants international awareness.

The Press of Uruguay: Historical Setting, Political Shadings

1952 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 437-446
Author(s):  
Russell H. Fitzgibbon
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Mass Media ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Press ◽  
The Mass Media ◽  
International Awareness

The nation's delicate relationship to its powerful neighbors, its political and international awareness, and its democratic way of life all enhance the opportunities of the mass media. Dr. Fitzgibbon, author of several books and numerous articles on Latin America, is professor of political science at UCLA.

Witness by Proxy

2017 ◽  
pp. 119-132
Author(s):  
Leigh Gilmore
Keyword(s):  
Life Narratives ◽  
Awareness Campaigns ◽  
International Awareness

Chapter four takes up the interest in second hand life narratives of girls exemplified by Greg Mortenson’s Three Cups of Tea and Nicholas Kristof’s Half the Sky and argues that humanitarian campaigns now promote ever purer (and younger) victims as deserving of empathy and Western intervention. The chapter goes on to identifiy the preference for blameless witnesses, sufficiently innocent to arouse nearly universal sympathy and often the victims of profoundly unsympathetic criminals populate accounts by Mortenson and Kristof, specifically by examining the “Three Cups of Tea” scandal. The chapter also theorizes that girls and women spark international awareness campaigns, as they should, but that humanitarian efforts like Mortenson’s do not necessarily operate in concert with local efforts at feminist reform. Finally, the chapter posits the appeal of the proxy witness: the man who speaks on behalf of girls and women who, in a turn of the humanitarian screw, is not so much their proxy as they are his.

Neuroscience becomes “Aryanized” at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes in Germany

2020 ◽  
pp. 231-278
Author(s):  
Lawrence A. Zeidman
Keyword(s):  
National Socialism ◽  
Brain Research ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Nazi Euthanasia

The Kaiser Wilhelm Institutes (KWI) in Germany were supposed to be bastions of internationally renowned science, but were just as easily “coordinated” under National Socialism in Germany as the universities and public hospitals and clinics. The KWIs for brain research in Berlin and Munich, even partially founded by a Jew in the case of the latter, became primary sites for research related to the Nazi “euthanasia” programs. The transition from physiologic to pathologic research at each institute, facilitated by replacement of dissident neuroscientists with more loyal and ethically pliable neuroscientists, such as Spatz and Scholz, helped to set the stage for euthanasia research. Illustrated in this chapter is the fact that at least seven replacements of non-Aryans or dissidents at various levels significantly facilitated the coordination of the KWIs. One of these, Marthe Vogt, was not actually a dismissal, but a voluntary emigration from Germany in rejection of the Nazis.

scholarly journals Effect of Severe External Airborne Agents’ Exposure on Dementia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 4069
Author(s):  
Seunghyun Lee ◽  
Joon Yul Choi ◽  
Jin-Ha Yoon ◽  
Wanhyung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Standardized Incidence Ratio ◽  
Dementia Screening ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Occupational And Environmental Exposure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
International Awareness ◽  
Incidence Of Dementia

The impact of occupational and environmental exposure to external airborne agents on cognitive function, especially in incidence of dementia, is understudied. The present study was conducted to elucidate the association between severe external airborne agents’ exposure and incidence of dementia among an elderly population and to explore the effects of exposure to severe external airborne agents on preclinical dementia using the screening test of dementia. From the National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HealS, 2002–2015), 514,580 participants were used for data analysis. We estimated the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) according to the exposure to external airborne agents. Of the total participants (n = 514,580), 1340 (0.3%) experienced severe external airborne agents exposure, and 26,050 (5.1%) had been diagnosed with dementia. The SIRs (95%CI) of dementia in Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, dementia in other diseases, and unspecific dementia were 1.24 (1.01–1.49), 0.88 (0.37–1.32), 1.16 (0.01–2.77), and 0.69 (0.36–1.02), respectively. The risk of testing positive in the dementia screening significantly increased with exposure to severe external airborne agents after adjusting for all confounding variables. This study found that exposure to severe external airborne agents is a potential risk factor for dementia, especially in Alzheimer’s disease. It is essential to create international awareness regarding the effect of airborne agents’ exposure on dementia.

scholarly journals Acute exacerbations of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and the role of corticosteroids

Breathe ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 200086
Author(s):  
Christopher J. Brereton ◽  
Helen E. Jo
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Supportive Care ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Fatal Complication ◽  
Acute Exacerbations ◽  
International Awareness

An acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AEIPF) is a potentially fatal complication of an already debilitating disease. Management is currently centred on delivering excellent supportive care and identifying reversible triggers. Despite growing international awareness and collaboration, no effective therapies have been identified. Corticosteroids are often the mainstay of treatment; however, the evidence base for their use is poor. Here, we review our current understanding of the disease process and how to manage it, with a focus on the role of corticosteroid therapy.

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