Internal Insulation of Preservation Worthy Facades

With international awareness of the need to decrease greenhouse gas emissions, the Danish government set a target to be fossil fuel-free by 2050. To achieve that, existing buildings will need to be retrofitted with energy-saving technologies such as improved thermal insulation. In Denmark, a larger mass of the building stock from around 1850 to the 1940s is preservation worthy. The construction is typically solid brick walls with wooden beams on the floors. This creates a challenge for energy retrofitting since the external facades cannot be altered. The application of internal insulation can influence the temperature and moisture profile of the wall. Moisture builds up in the interface between the original brick wall, and the insulation layer can create an environment where mould can grow. Previous research also demonstrated a risk of moisture build-up at the beam-ends when internal insulation is applied. Saint-Gobain ISOVER has, together with DTU, spent five years developing a new system, ISOVER RetroWall System, which addresses these problems. The presented work will include a short introduction to the concept, results and conclusions from the field test and presentation of two sites with the finished system in use.

Homeward Bound: Educational Leaders’ Perceptions of Hiring Repatriating International Teachers

The purpose of this study was to determine how educational leaders interpret job applications from international teachers who are planning to repatriate. Ten rural and urban educational leaders from the Canadian province of Manitoba were presented with three different fictitious cases to screen and analyze for shortlisting purposes. The findings suggest that international teachers need to clearly communicate their work experiences and explain how acquired intercultural and linguistic competencies would be advantageous for the school community. Educational leaders should apply an international awareness when screening job applications. Recommendations for both leadership development and global teaching careers are offered.

Practice and Thinking on International Cultivation of Postgraduates

National cultivation of graduate students has become the current mainstream trend. The postgraduate faculty should continuously optimize its own training model, establish a more complete and comprehensive educational mechanism, and thereby enable postgraduate international training be more collectively effective. If colleges and universities can cultivate graduate students with more international awareness and ability, the overall level of our country's current graduate students will be improved significantly. It will play a very important role in our country's future development and construction and the better development of graduate students themselves. In this context, this article will analyze the international cultivation of graduate students and propose some strategies for your reference.

ANALYSIS ON THE PRINCIPLES OF MAQASID SHARIAH IN ISLAMIC HOTELS

Tourism industry’s development recently is irrefutably hit the international awareness and sparked the local interest. Statistical data of Tourism Malaysia showed a rise of 6.8 per cent tourists’ growth from 2018 leads to the figure of 13.35 million international tourists in 2019. Malaysia, as a multicultural country with the majority of 63.7% of the population are Muslims, should take active steps to intensify the ways in discovering the market needs. Desires of Islam need to be cleared and the spirit of Maqasid Shariah have to be manifested equally to the Muslim and the non-Muslim. This paper therefore, aims to discuss on the necessity to clarify the relevancy of having Islamic hotel as to align with the basic principles of Maqasid Shariah and to see whether the current practices and policies are coherent with the Maqasid. This qualitative study embarked on content analysis from a few relevant policies and previous studies. In addition, an in-depth interview was conducted with two relevant local authorities. Having analyzed the information gained, it was found that as now, no specific legislative Islamic hotel policy was in place. However, few limited existing guidelines are found to intrinsically applying the Principles of Maqasid Shariah. The results presented here have profound implications on a proper drafting of an inclusive Islamic Hotel policy in the future. It is hoped that Maqasid will be set as a benchmark for the future policy setting as this will boost the confidence of the tourists in visiting the country.

Granite Landscapes, Geodiversity and Geoheritage—Global Context

Granite geomorphological sceneries are important components of global geoheritage, but international awareness of their significance seems insufficient. Based on existing literature, ten distinctive types of relief are identified, along with several sub-types, and an overview of medium-size and minor landforms characteristic for granite terrains is provided. Collectively, they tell stories about landscape evolution and environmental changes over geological timescale, having also considerable aesthetic values in many cases. Nevertheless, representation of granite landscapes and landforms on the UNESCO World Heritage List and within the UNESCO Global Geopark network is relatively scarce and only a few properties have been awarded World Heritage status in recognition of their scientific value or unique scenery. Much more often, reasons for inscription resided elsewhere, in biodiversity or cultural heritage values, despite very high geomorphological significance. To facilitate future global comparative analysis a framework is proposed that can be used for this purpose.

Limited implementation of the Nordic hamstring exercise in professional and semi-professional soccer

Background/Purpose: In soccer players, non-contact injuries are most common, especially hamstring muscle injuries, which can be prevented by the Nordic hamstring exercise (NHE). This study assessed the professional and semi-professional soccer players and coaches’ awareness, implementation, and opinion of the NHE efficacy in reducing hamstring injuries. Methods: A questionnaire regarding the awareness, implementation, and opinions of the NHE’s efficacy in reducing hamstring muscle injuries was distributed. Results: The survey was completed by 812 (88.3% male and 11.7% female) players and coaches. Of these, 395 (48.6%) were aware of the NHE, and 355 (43.7%) implemented it in their current practice. Those implementing NHE had a positive opinion about its efficacy in reducing hamstring injuries. Conclusion: Further efforts and research are warranted to increase the international awareness and implementation of the NHE and educate soccer players and coaches about the importance of its implementation and effectiveness in preventing hamstring injury.

The rise of covert competitive authoritarianism

Globally, democracy is on the decline, threatening the achievability of the landmark Agenda 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. Digital technologies have enabled new covert competitive authoritarian tactics. Renewed surveillance laws and public and international awareness of these tactics is required to regain the global democratic rights and civil liberties required for Agenda 2030.

Effect of Severe External Airborne Agents’ Exposure on Dementia

The impact of occupational and environmental exposure to external airborne agents on cognitive function, especially in incidence of dementia, is understudied. The present study was conducted to elucidate the association between severe external airborne agents’ exposure and incidence of dementia among an elderly population and to explore the effects of exposure to severe external airborne agents on preclinical dementia using the screening test of dementia. From the National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort (NHIS-HealS, 2002–2015), 514,580 participants were used for data analysis. We estimated the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) according to the exposure to external airborne agents. Of the total participants (n = 514,580), 1340 (0.3%) experienced severe external airborne agents exposure, and 26,050 (5.1%) had been diagnosed with dementia. The SIRs (95%CI) of dementia in Alzheimer’s disease, vascular dementia, dementia in other diseases, and unspecific dementia were 1.24 (1.01–1.49), 0.88 (0.37–1.32), 1.16 (0.01–2.77), and 0.69 (0.36–1.02), respectively. The risk of testing positive in the dementia screening significantly increased with exposure to severe external airborne agents after adjusting for all confounding variables. This study found that exposure to severe external airborne agents is a potential risk factor for dementia, especially in Alzheimer’s disease. It is essential to create international awareness regarding the effect of airborne agents’ exposure on dementia.

Haile Selassie, the League of Nations, and Human Rights Diplomacy

Chapter Three proposes that former Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie I, a figure rarely mentioned in histories of human rights, made significant contributions in the realm of human rights diplomacy in the 1930s. Following Fascist Italy’s invasion of his nation in 1935, he persistently lobbied the League of Nations to uphold Ethiopia’s right to self-determination and punish Italy’s use of chemical weapons and other violations of the Geneva Protocol and Hague Conventions, raising international awareness of Italian war crimes in Africa. As is also shown, he adroitly drew attention to the shortcomings of the League’s Covenant, providing vital lessons for the founding of the United Nations (UN). While Selassie was deposed in the 1970s due to numerous failures as a leader, the chapter demonstrates that for almost three decades he enthralled the international community and prompted rethinking on Europe’s relations with its African colonies that had long-term significance for human rights.

Dumitru Rusu, An Analysis of Socialist Modernist Heritage in Romania and the Republic of Moldova through Case Studies: Utilitarian Buildings and Industrial Facilities

The “Socialist Modernism” Project is part of an initiative by B.A.C.U. Association focused on protecting built heritage in the former socialist bloc. In that respect, we have launched a campaign for the preservation of buildings that are specific to the socialist modernist period (1955–1991). The architecture of the socialist period, more precisely the modernist tendencies in 1955–1991, is a specific trend in the evolution of architecture in the former socialist bloc. There is increasing international awareness for this trend, as indicated by the creation of scientific communities (the SocHeritage Platform, part of the ICOMOS International Scientific Committee for the 20th century). The chosen period in our study was set by historic events that led to this new architectural tendency. At the time, the approach was inspired by modernist architecture, which came to the capitalist states in Western Europe with a set of principles. In socialist countries, modernist trends first influenced the professional sphere, and through that influence, they were able to penetrate borders and the limits imposed by ideology.