scholarly journals Categorical Primitive Forms and Gromov–Witten Invariants of An Singularities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrei Căldăraru ◽  
Si Li ◽  
Junwu Tu
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Factorizations ◽  
Genus Zero ◽  
Primitive Form ◽  
Primitive Forms

Abstract We introduce a categorical analogue of Saito’s notion of primitive forms. For the category $\textsf{MF}(\frac{1}{n+1}x^{n+1})$ of matrix factorizations of $\frac{1}{n+1}x^{n+1}$, we prove that there exists a unique, up to non-zero constant, categorical primitive form. The corresponding genus zero categorical Gromov–Witten invariants of $\textsf{MF}(\frac{1}{n+1}x^{n+1})$ are shown to match with the invariants defined through unfolding of singularities of $\frac{1}{n+1}x^{n+1}$.

Exsolution and inversion in pigeonite from the Whin Sill, Northern England

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 474-475
Author(s):  
P.P.K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Homogeneous Nucleation ◽  
Silicate Mineral ◽  
Antiphase Boundaries ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Primitive Form ◽  
The Core ◽  
Nucleation Mechanisms ◽  
And Inversion

Grains of pigeonite, a calcium-poor silicate mineral of the pyroxene group, from the Whin Sill dolerite have been ion-thinned and examined by TEM. The pigeonite is strongly zoned chemically from the composition Wo8En64FS28 in the core to Wo13En34FS53 at the rim. Two phase transformations have occurred during the cooling of this pigeonite:- exsolution of augite, a more calcic pyroxene, and inversion of the pigeonite from the high- temperature C face-centred form to the low-temperature primitive form, with the formation of antiphase boundaries (APB's). Different sequences of these exsolution and inversion reactions, together with different nucleation mechanisms of the augite, have created three distinct microstructures depending on the position in the grain.In the core of the grains small platelets of augite about 0.02μm thick have farmed parallel to the (001) plane (Fig. 1). These are thought to have exsolved by homogeneous nucleation. Subsequently the inversion of the pigeonite has led to the creation of APB's.

Elementary Affective Sharing

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-150
Author(s):  
Henning Nörnberg
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Primitive Form ◽  
Phenomenological Tradition ◽  
Current Discussion ◽  
Affective Intentionality ◽  
Elementary Form ◽  
The One ◽  
Central Claim

This paper contributes to the current discussion on collective affective intentionality. Very often, affective sharing is regarded as a special feature ofamore general form of we-intentionality being already in place. In contrast to this view, the paper attempts to explicate a more elementary form of affective sharing that does not simply presuppose other forms of we-intentionality, but amounts to a primitive form of we-intentionality of its own. The account presented here draws on two conceptual tools from the broader phenomenological tradition: prereflective we-intentionality on the one hand and atmospheric perception on the other. The central claim is that some instances of affective we-consciousness mainly emerge on the level of unthematic, pre-reflective orientation within one’s environment. The first part of the paper gives an account of this claim, while second part places the account in the broader discussion on collective affective intentionality.

scholarly journals Digital 3D models of theropods for approaching body-mass distribution and volume

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matías Reolid ◽  
Francisco J. Cardenal ◽  
Jesús Reolid
Keyword(s):  
Body Length ◽  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
3D Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
3D Analysis ◽  
Skull Length ◽  
Knowing That ◽  
Fossil Bones ◽  
Primitive Forms

AbstractThe aim of this work is to obtain diverse morphometric data from digitized 3D models of scientifically accurate palaeoreconstructions of theropods from eight representative families. The analysed polyvinyl chloride (PVC) models belong to the genera Coelophysis, Dilophosaurus, Ceratosaurus, Allosaurus, Baryonyx, Carnotaurus, Giganotosaurus, and Tyrannosaurus. The scanned 3D models were scaled considering different body-size estimations of the literature. The 3D analysis of these genera provides information on the skull length and body length that allows for recognition of major evolutionary trends. The skull length/body length in the studied genera increases according with the size of the body from the smallest Coelophysis with a ratio of 0.093 to ratios of 0.119–0.120 for Tyrannosaurus and Giganotosaurus, the largest study theropods. The study of photogrammetric 3D models also provides morphometric information that cannot be obtained from the study of bones alone, but knowing that all reconstructions begin from the fossil bones, such as the surface/volume ratio (S/V). For the studied theropod genera surface/volume ratio ranges from 35.21 for Coelophysis to 5.55 for Tyrannosaurus. This parameter, closely related to the heat dissipation, help in the characterization of the metabolism of extinct taxa. Accordingly, slender primitive forms of the Early Jurassic (i.e. Coelophysis and Dilophosaurus) had relatively smaller skulls and higher mass-specific metabolic rates than the robust large theropods of the Cretaceous (i.e. Giganotosaurus and Tyrannosaurus). This work presents a technique that, when applied to proper dinosaur models, provides extent and accurate data that may help in diverse study areas within the dinosaur palaeontology and palaeobiology.

scholarly journals THE FINE STRUCTURE OF ASTROCYTES IN THE CEREBRAL CORTEX AND THEIR RESPONSE TO FOCAL INJURY PRODUCED BY HEAVY IONIZING PARTICLES

1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Maxwell ◽  
Lawrence Kruger
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Reactive Astrocytes ◽  
Lipid Bodies ◽  
Particle Irradiation ◽  
Fibrous Astrocytes ◽  
Primitive Forms ◽  
Focal Injury ◽  
Glycogen Particles

Normal and reactive astrocytes in the cerebral cortex of the rat have been studied with the electron microscope following focal alpha particle irradiation. The presence of glycogen and approximately 60-A fibrils identify astrocyte cytoplasm in formalin-perfused tissue. The glycogen particles facilitate the identification of small processes and subpial and perivascular end-feet. Both protoplasmic and fibrous astrocytes contain cytoplasmic fibrils and should be distinguished on the basis of the configuration of their processes and their distribution. Acutely reactive astrocytes are characterized by a marked increase in the number of glycogen granules and mitochondria from the first day after irradiation. These cells later hypertrophy and accumulate lipid bodies and increased numbers of cytoplasmic fibrils. The glial "scar" consists of a greatly expanded volume of astrocyte cytoplasm filled with fibrils and displays no signs of astrocyte death, reversion to primitive forms, or extensive multiplication.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document