scholarly journals Hepatitis B Virus (HBV)/Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) Coinfection in Outbreaks of Acute Hepatitis in the Peruvian Amazon Basin: The Roles of HDV Genotype III and HBV Genotype F

1996 ◽  
Vol 174 (5) ◽  
pp. 920-926 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Casey ◽  
G. A. Niro ◽  
R. E. Engle ◽  
A. Vega ◽  
H. Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Amazon Basin ◽  
Peruvian Amazon ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Genotype Iii ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype F ◽  
Hdv Genotype

scholarly journals Molecular Evolution of Hepatitis B Virus Genotype F in Latin America

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Wolf ◽  
Thiago Kastell Mazeto ◽  
Vagner Reinaldo Zingalli Bueno Pereira ◽  
Daniel Simon ◽  
Vagner Ricardo Lunge
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Molecular Evolution ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Virus Genotype ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype F

Abstract Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype F evolution is not completely understood in Latin America. This study aims to evaluate the molecular evolution of HBV-F in Latin America by comparing 224 whole-genome sequences. Bayesian coalescent analysis was performed to estimate the time to the most recent common ancestor. Four main clades were formed dated back between 1245 and 1730. Also, four subclades were identified dated back between 1705 and 1801. HBV-F overall effective population size grew in the 18th century and showed an initial circulation of HBV-F from Venezuela to other countries from Latin America.

scholarly journals Genotype H: a new Amerindian genotype of hepatitis B virus revealed in Central America

2002 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 2059-2073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Arauz-Ruiz ◽  
Helene Norder ◽  
Betty H. Robertson ◽  
Lars O. Magnius
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Central America ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Separate Branch ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Complete Genomes ◽  
Genotype F

The complete genomes were sequenced for ten hepatitis B virus (HBV) strains. Two of them, from Spain and Sweden, were most similar to genotype D, although encoding d specificity. Five of them were from Central America and belonged to genotype F. Two strains from Nicaragua and one from Los Angeles, USA, showed divergences of 3·1–4·1% within the small S gene from genotype F strains and were recognized previously as a divergent clade within genotype F. The complete genomes of the two genotype D strains were found to differ from published genotype D strains by 2·8–4·6%. Their S genes encoded Lys122, Thr127 and Lys160, corresponding to the putative new subtype adw3 within this genotype, previously known to specify ayw2, ayw3 or, rarely, ayw4. The complete genomes of the three divergent strains diverged by 0·8–2·5% from each other, 7·2–10·2% from genotype F strains and 13·2–15·7% from other HBV strains. Since pairwise comparisons of 82 complete HBV genomes of intratypic and intertypic divergences ranged from 0·1 to 7·4% and 6·8 to 17·1%, respectively, the three sequenced strains should represent a new HBV genotype, for which the designation H is proposed. In the polymerase region, the three strains had 16 unique conserved amino acid residues not present in genotype F strains. So far, genotype H has been encountered in Nicaragua, Mexico and California. Phylogenetic analysis of the complete genomes and subgenomes of the three strains showed them clustering with genotype F but forming a separate branch supported by 100% bootstrap. Being most similar to genotype F, known to be an Amerindian genotype, genotype H has most likely split off from genotype F within the New World.

Phylogenetic analysis of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype F including Argentine isolates

2001 ◽  
Vol 146 (9) ◽  
pp. 1803-1810 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Mbayed ◽  
L. Barbini ◽  
J. L. López ◽  
R. H. Campos
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Genotype F

scholarly journals Antigenic Diversity of Hepatitis B Virus Strains of Genotype F in Amerindians and Other Population Groups from Venezuela

1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 648-651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Blitz ◽  
Flor H. Pujol ◽  
Paul D. Swenson ◽  
Leticia Porto ◽  
Ricardo Atencio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Hbv Genotype ◽  
Hbsag Carriers ◽  
Hbsag Subtype ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Virus Strains ◽  
Genotype F

The adw4 subtype of hepatitis B virus (HBV) belongs to a unique genomic group (genotype F) representing the original HBV strains from the New World. Data regarding the prevalence of this subtype among HBV carriers in South America are, however, scarce, and those concerning HBV genotype F are based on only a few samples from Latin America. In this study, serum samples were obtained from 141 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers from Amerindians and urban populations from Venezuela. The HBsAg subtype was identified with monoclonal antibodies in 105 samples, and the HBV genotype was identified by reverse-phase hybridization with DNA fragments in 58 samples. The adw4 subtype was highly prevalent in the population studied (75%); among the Amerindians, the prevalence was 97%. The adw2 subtype was also present (10%), while other subtypes (ayw3 and ayw4) were only occasionally found. The HBV subtype was associated with the expected genotype in most cases (80%), and thus genotype F was highly prevalent. Sequencing of viral strains that gave genotypes unpredicted by the HBsAg subtyping confirmed seven of them as belonging to not previously described genotype-subtype associations: namely, adw2 and ayw4 within genotype F.

Chronic Hepatitis D Virus (HDV) Infection in Hepatitis B Virus Carrier Chimpanzees Experimentally Superinfected with HDV

1988 ◽  
Vol 158 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Negro ◽  
K. F. Bergmann ◽  
B. M. Baroudy ◽  
W. C. Satterfield ◽  
H. Popper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Hepatitis D Virus ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Carrier ◽  
Hdv Infection ◽  
Virus Carrier

scholarly journals Origins and Evolution of Hepatitis B Virus and Hepatitis D Virus

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. a021360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Littlejohn ◽  
Stephen Locarnini ◽  
Lilly Yuen
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
Hepatitis D Virus ◽  
B Virus

Viral Hepatitis: 1985 Update

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Saul Krugman
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Specific Marker ◽  
Hepatitis D ◽  
B Virus

During the past two decades extraordinary advances in hepatitis research have clarified the etiology and natural history of the disease. At least four types of hepatitis have been identified: A, B, D (delta), and non-A, non-B. Hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis D virus (HDV) have been characterized. Serologic tests have been developed to detect the antigens and antibodies associated with these three hepatitis infections. As of the present time, the non-A, non-B viral agents have not been identified. Therefore, non-A, non-B hepatitis is diagnosed by excluding other viral causes of hepatitis, such as hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and others. A recent report indicating that non-A, non-B hepatitis may be caused by a retrovirus, if confirmed, may provide a specific marker of this infection. The course of viral hepatitis is variable; it may be an asymptomatic, anteric infection, or it may be an acute illness characterized by fever, malaise, anorexia, nausea, abdominal pain, and jaundice. Most patients recover completely, but occasionally the infection may be complicated by chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and, occasionally, by a fulminant fatal outcome. This review will be devoted predominantly to a discussion of the diagnostic and prophylactic aspects of hepatitis A and hepatitis B viral infections.

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