Migrants during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Discursive Class Formation of Returnee Expatriates

Amidst the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, migrants are the most affected parts after the Health and economy. More than half a million migrants have returned from February to May 2020 to Bangladesh. The state and society have stigmatized returnee expatriates as suspected disease carriers. Some of them are being physically assaulted and humiliated by their neighbor and society. Researchers revealed a new dimension of "Othering" discourse; where consent of hate crime formed being solely blamed for bring coronavirus and ignoring mandatory quarantine period. The government officially stigmatized them by putting quarantined seals at their hands and hoisting red flags at their homes. Interestingly, we have found the distinction of stigmatization between returnee expatriates, where returnee workers were being humiliated rather than high-skilled returnee professionals from a so-called developed country. Returnee expatriates experienced a transformation of identity. Researchers argued about the discursive formation of a class of returnee expatriates who were once highly respected and spoiled of their identity as a probable source of virus carrier. Once labeled as a remittance fighter of the economy have to transients their so-called positions, and has to prove their worthiness as a citizen of the state, after starting the pandemic, governments and their developing partners were not humane, concerned about the returnee expatriates' social discrimination, risk of unemployment, uncertainty, economic crisis, and instability. Returnee expatriates' abandonment as a suspected carrier of the COVID-19 virus by the state and society should be worked out more comprehensively to protect them from social and economic exploitation.

HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN WARGA NEGARA DALAM MENGIKUTI VAKSINASI COVID-19

Pandemi Covid-19 menimbulkan status kedaruratan di Indonesia. Melalui keputusan Presiden Nomor 11 Tahun 2020, Indonesia telah mengumumkan status kedaruratan kesehatan. Berbagai upaya dilakukan dalam rangka mengatasi dampak pandemi Covid-19. Salah satunya adalah upaya vaksinasi. Namun, di masyarakat timbul pro kontra terkait vaksinasi tersebut. Sejumlah kalangan masyarakat menolak untuk divaksin. Oleh sebab itu, artikel ini akan menjelaskan apakah vaksinasi merupakan hak atau kewajiban bagi masyarakat. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa vaksinasi yang pada mulanya adalah hak setiap orang, dapat menjadi suatu kewajiban mengingat situasi kedaruratan di Indonesia saat ini, karena seseorang yang tidak divaksin berpotensi untuk menularkan bahkan membunuh orang lain. Vaksinasi dalam rangka penanganan Covid-19 adalah suatu hak sekaligus kewajiban dari warga negara. Memang, terdapat hak seseorang untuk memilih pelayanan kesehatan baginya. Namun bisa dilihat pada konteks virus Covid-19 yang berskala pandemi, serta merujuk pada poin kedua bahwa seseorang yang tidak divaksin justru dapat berpotensi menjadi virus carrier bagi orang lain, maka hak tersebut dapat dikurangi dalam rangka untuk mencapai tujuan negara yakni melindungi segenap bangsa Indonesia dan seluruh tumpah darah Indonesia (dalam hal ini, melindungi dari virus Covid-19), dan juga termasuk melindugi hak asasi seseorang itu sendiri dalam rangka memperoleh hak untuk hidup secara sehat

Numerical Simulation of the Novel Coronavirus Spread in Commercial Aircraft Cabin

Passengers carrying the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a commercial aircraft cabin may infect other passengers and the cabin crew. In this study, a cabin model of the seven-row Airbus A320 aircraft is constructed and meshed for simulating the SARS-CoV-2 spread in the cabin with a virus carrier using the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) modeling tool. The passengers’ infection risk is also quantified with the susceptible exposure index (SEI) method. The results show that the virus spreads to the ceiling of the cabin within 50 s of the virus carrier’s normal breathing. Coughing makes the virus spread to the front three rows with a higher mass fraction. While the high mass fraction areas always stay on the same side of the aisle as the virus carrier, the adjacent passengers and the passengers in the back two rows are affected more than the others when the virus carrier breathes normally. Spread patterns under the carrier’s two breath conditions, normal breath and cough, were numerically simulated.

PENINGKATAN KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT DI MASA PANDEMI BAGI WARGA PANTI ASUHAN DI SURABAYA

This Community Service (PKM) activities is based on the condition of the orphanage which is inhabited by many people. Maintaining health is very important while living and interacting with many people during the Covid-19 Pandemic. One of the efforts to maintain health is by implementing personal hygiene so we are not become a virus carrier for other people. Based on the recommendation of WHO and also the Surabaya City Government, residents are asked to implement a clean and healthy lifestyle (PHBS). This PKM aimed to provide information to the community, particularly who lives in orphanage, about efforts to live a clean and healthy lifestyle and provide vitamins and foodstuffs to maintain and improve the personal health of the residents of the orphanage. The implementation of this Community Service activity took place from June-October 2020. With the implementation of this activity, it was found that there was an increase in the understanding of the orphanage about clean and healthy living habits. In addition, it is hoped that in the long term, the residents of the orphanage will be more concerned with personal hygiene and also apply health protocols in their daily lives so that they can break the chain of transmission of the Covid 19 pandemic.

Virus transmission through fragmented flight in cooked meat fumes at more than 10 meters of distance, a case report with SARS-CoV2 / COVID19

Meat is a known virus carrier and its ability to spread viruses is shown here in a different way. Meat fumes from a cooking process carrying a virus led to indirect contamination.

Сonstruction of an instrumental model for the study of the system "Сomputer virus–Сarrier– automated workstation–local area network"

The mechanism of computer virus infection of workstations is considered, the transmission of a virus from an infected workstation to an uninfected one. The impact of a computer virus on a local area network is analyzed. An instrumental model for the study of the system "computer virus-carrier-automated workstation-local-computer network" is presented.