scholarly journals Eradication of Wild Poliovirus from the Americas: Acute Flaccid Paralysis Surveillance, 1988-1995

1997 ◽  
Vol 175 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S37-S42 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. de Quadros ◽  
B. S. Hersh ◽  
J.-M. Olive ◽  
J. K. Andrus ◽  
C. M. da Silveira ◽  
...  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Nike Susanti ◽  
Herna Herna

Latar belakang: Virus Polio Liar dapat menyebabkan kelumpuhan dan dapat dicegah dengan imunisasi. Untuk memonitor transmisi virus polio liar dilakukan surveilans Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) dan investigasi laboratorium yang telah dimulai sejak tahun 1995 di Indonesia. Virus polio liar Indigenous terakhir ditemukan di Indonesia tahun 1995. Indonesia masih memiliki ancaman importasi virus polio liar dari negara endemis dan mutasi virus polio dari vaksin yang menyebakan kelumpuhan yang sama seperti virus polio liar. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran mengenai surveilans AFP berbasis laboratorium di Indonesia pada tahun 2003-2013 sehingga mengantarkan Indonesia sebagai negara bebas polio pada tahun 2014. Metode: Data yang dianalisis adalah data kasus AFP seluruh Indonesia periode tahun 2003-2013. Data didapat dari laboratorium jejaring laboratorium Polio di Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya dan Sub Direktorat Surveilans, Direktorat Surveilans dan Karantina Kesehatan, Direktorat Jenderal Pencegahan dan Pengendalian Penyakit. Data di analisis menggunakan program Microsoft Excel. Hasil: Sebanyak 305 kasus AFP yang disebabkan oleh infeksi virus polio liar tipe 1 impor ditemukan pada tahun 2005 dan 2006. Terdapat 39 kasus AFP yang disebabkan cVDPV tipe 1 ditemukan di Pulau Madura pada tahun 2005. Virus polio liar tipe 1 hanya ditemukan di pulau Sumatera dan Jawa. Penyebaran Virus polio berhasil dihentikan pada tahun 2006 dan sudah tidak ditemukan lagi hingga tahun 2013. Kesimpulan: Surveilans AFP berbasis laboratorium yang baik berhasil memantau dan mendeteksi sirkulasi virus polio. Peningkatan kinerja surveillance AFP diperlukan untuk membuktikan terhentinya transmisi virus polio sehingga eradikasi polio secara global dapat diraih.  Kata kunci: surveilans, laboratorium polio, Acute Flaccid Paralysis   Abstract Background: Wild Poliovirus can cause flaccid paralysis and can be prevented by immunization. To monitor wild polio virus transmission, Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) surveillance and laboratory investigations was initiated in 1995 in Indonesia. The last indigenous wild poliovirus found at 1995 in Indonesia. Indonesia still has the threat of imported wild polio viruses from endemic countries and poliovirus mutation from vaccine that can cause paralytic as well as wild poliovirus. The aim of this article is to describe the laboratory-based AFP surveillance in Indonesia from 2003-2013 so that it had led the Indonesia certified for polio free in 2014. Methods: Data analysis performed on AFP cases data from all provinces in Indonesia period of 2013-2014. Data were collected from polio laboratories network in Jakarta, Bandung, Surabaya and the Sub Directorate of Surveillance, Directorate of Surveillance and Health Quarantine, Directorate General of Disease Prevention and Control. Data were analyzed using Microsoft Excel program. Results: 305 paralysis cases were caused by imported type 1 wild poliovirus infection were found in 2005 and 2006. 39 paralysis cases caused by type 1 cVDPV infection were also found on Madura Island in 2005. Type 1 wild polioviruses only found on the Sumatra and Java island. The wild poliovirus transmission was stopped in 2006 and was no longer found until 2013. Conclusion: Good laboratory-based AFP surveillance has been successfully monitoring and detecting the circulation of the poliovirus. Improved AFP surveillance performance is needed to prove cessation of poliovirus transmission so that eradication of poliovirus can be achieved globally. Keywords: surveillance, polio laboratory, Acute Flaccid Paralysis


2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatima Zerriouh ◽  
M Abdallat ◽  
L Ghaffari ◽  
I Iblan ◽  
K Abusal ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Gulay Korukluoglu ◽  
Umit Ozdemirer ◽  
Fatma Bayrakdar ◽  
Zehra Unal ◽  
Yasemin Cosgun ◽  
...  

AbstractPoliomyelitis was a disease feared worldwide, striking suddenly and paralysing mainly children for life. Monitoring of suspected cases of poliomyelitis is carried out with Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) surveillance in Turkey. This study examines national data of AFP surveillance and the epidemiology of enteroviruses (EV) in Turkey from 2000 to 2019 and gives an overview of the detected serotypes of EVs. A total of 13,640 samples collected from patients with 5216 AFP pre-diagnosed cases (2 samples from each patient) and 3,208 contacts, during a 20-year period (2000–2019) were investigated. All isolated polioviruses were tested for their wild or vaccine origin according to the WHO recommended protocol by PCR and sequencing analysis were performed. Enterovirus positivity was detected in a total of 915 cases, which were identified as 204 Sabin-like polio virus (SLPV) and 711 non-polio enterovirus (NPEV). Of the 204 SLPV, 141 (69.1%) AFP were detected in patients and 63 (30.9%) were detected in samples taken from their contacts. Of the 711 NPEVs, 516 (72.5%) were from AFP cases and 195 (27.5%) were detected in samples taken from their contacts. It is concluded that the reason for the higher detection rate of NPEV in samples from AFP pre-diagnosed cases is attributed to the polio vaccination rates reaching 97% between 2008 and 2019 in Turkey. The most frequently detected NPEV serotypes were Coxackie A24, B3, and Echo 30. This retrospective study is the first comprehensive study in Turkey to evaluate the results of the AFP surveillance in the last 20 years.


2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amary Fall ◽  
Ndack Ndiaye ◽  
Mamadou Malado Jallow ◽  
Mamadou Aliou Barry ◽  
Cheikh Saad Bou Touré ◽  
...  

Abstract Following the 2014 outbreak, active surveillance of the EV-D68 has been implemented in many countries worldwide. Despite subsequent EV-D68 outbreaks (2014 and 2016) reported in many areas, EV-D68 circulation remains largely unexplored in Africa except in Senegal, where low levels of EV-D68 circulation were first noted during the 2014 outbreak. Here we investigate subsequent epidemiology of EV-D68 in Senegal from June to September 2016 by screening respiratory specimens from ILI and stool from AFP surveillance. EV-D68 was detected in 7.4% (44/596) of patients; 40 with ILI and 4 with AFP. EV-D68 detection was significantly more common in children under 5 years (56.8%, p = 0.016). All EV-D68 strains detected belonged to the newly defined subclade B3. This study provides the first evidence of EV-D68 B3 subclade circulation in Africa from patients with ILI and AFP during a 2016 outbreak in Senegal. Enhanced surveillance of EV-D68 is needed to better understand the epidemiology of EV-D68 in Africa.


2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 941-946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwuma Mbaeyi ◽  
Abdinoor Mohamed ◽  
Brian Ogola Owino ◽  
Kumlachew F Mengistu ◽  
Derek Ehrhardt ◽  
...  

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document