169 Standardized ileal digestible amino acids and net energy contents in full fat and defatted black soldier fly larvae meals (Hermatia illucens) fed to growing pigs

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to determine the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of AA (Exp. 1) and available energy (Exp. 2) in two black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) sources [full fat (FF) and defatted (DF)] for growing pigs. Two corn starch-based diets were formulated with FF and DF BSFLM as the sole sources of AA. A nitrogen-free diet was also used and the corn starch:sucrose:oil ratio was kept constant among diets to calculate digestible energy. In Exp. 1, 8 ileal-cannulated barrows (25.1±0.41 kg initial BW) were used in a replicated 2 x 2 Latin square design (n = 8). In each period, pigs were adjusted to diets for 5d followed by 2d of continuous ileal digesta collection for 8 h. The SID of AA were calculated using basal endogenous losses for pigs fed a nitrogen-free diet. In Exp. 2, 8 barrows (23.4±0.54 kg initial BW) were used in a partially replicated Latin square design (n=8). In each period, pigs were adjusted to diets for 7d, followed by 5d of total urine and fecal grab sample collection, and 24hr in indirect calorimetry chambers to determine heat production. The SID of Arg, Val, Ala, and Pro tended to be less, and the SID of Met tended to be greater for the FF versus the DF BSFLM (P=0.034, 0.090, 0.053, 0.065, 0.074, respectively). Digestible, metabolizable, and net energy (4101 vs 3257±224 kcal/kg) were greater for the FF versus the DF BSFLM (P< 0.05). The ATTD of phosphorus, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber were greater for the FF versus the DF BSFLM (P< 0.05). In conclusion, the SID AA in FF and DF BSFLM were high and similar to those of soybean meal. The FF BSFLM is a better source of available energy for growing pigs compared to DF BSFLM.

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Standardized ileal digestible amino acids and net energy contents in full fat and defatted black soldier fly larvae meals (Hermetia illucens) fed to growing pigs

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txaa104 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Michelina Crosbie ◽

Cuilan Zhu ◽

Anna K Shoveller ◽

Lee-Anne Huber

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Body Weight ◽

Latin Square ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Net Energy ◽

Initial Body Weight ◽

Black Soldier Fly ◽

Digestible Energy ◽

Black Soldier Fly Larvae ◽

Fly Larvae

Abstract Two experiments were conducted to determine standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA; Exp. 1) and net energy (Exp. 2) in two black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) samples [full fat (FF; 42.5% crude protein (CP), as-fed) and defatted (DF; 40.8% CP; as-fed)] for growing pigs. Two cornstarch-based diets were formulated with FF and DF BSFLM as the sole sources of AA. A nitrogen-free diet was also used, and the corn starch:sucrose:oil ratio was kept constant among diets to calculate digestible energy (DE) by difference method. In each experiment, pigs were fed 2.8 × estimated maintenance energy requirement. In Exp. 1, eight ileal-cannulated barrows (25.1 ± 0.41 kg initial body weight) were used in a replicated 2 × 2 Latin square design (n = 8). In each period, pigs were adapted to diets for 5 d followed by 2 d of continuous ileal digesta collection for 8 h. The SID of AA were calculated using basal endogenous losses for pigs fed a nitrogen-free diet. In Exp. 2, eight barrows [23.4 ± 0.54 kg initial body weight (BW)] were used in a partially replicated Latin square design (n = 8). In each period, pigs were adapted to diets for 7 d, followed by 5 d of total urine collection and fecal grab sampling. The SID of CP (80.6 ± 1.1%) and Lys (88.0 ± 1.4%) were not different between FF and DF BSFLM. The SID of Arg, Val, Ala, and Pro tended to be less, and the SID of Met tended to be greater for the FF versus the DF BSFLM (P = 0.034, 0.090, 0.053, 0.065, 0.074, respectively). Digestible energy (4,927 vs. 3,941 ± 75 kcal/kg), metabolizable energy (4,569 vs. 3,396 ± 102 kcal/kg), and predicted net energy (3,477 vs. 2,640 ± 30 kcal/kg, using equations from Noblet; 3,479 vs. 2,287 ± 28 kcal/kg, using equations from Blok, respectively) were greater for the FF versus the DF BSFLM (P < 0.05). The apparent total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were greater for the FF versus the DF BSFLM (P ≤ 0.05). Both FF and DF BSFLM had high SID for most AA; however, FF BSFLM was a better source of net energy for growing pigs. Therefore, both FF and DF BSFLM could be used as protein alternatives in growing pig diets.

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PSIII-37 Dried Black Soldier Fly larvae as a dietary supplement to the diet of growing pigs.

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/sky404.691 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (suppl_3) ◽

pp. 314-314 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

R Nekrasov ◽

A Zelenchenkova ◽

M Chabaev ◽

G Ivanov ◽

A Antonov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Supplement ◽

Growing Pigs ◽

Black Soldier Fly ◽

Black Soldier Fly Larvae ◽

Fly Larvae

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Providing live black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) improves welfare while maintaining performance of piglets post-weaning

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-86765-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Allyson F. Ipema ◽

Eddie A. M. Bokkers ◽

Walter J. J. Gerrits ◽

Bas Kemp ◽

J. Elizabeth Bolhuis

Keyword(s):

Feed Intake ◽

Net Energy ◽

Black Soldier Fly ◽

Novel Object ◽

Weaning Stress ◽

Faecal Consistency ◽

Black Soldier Fly Larvae ◽

Net Energy Intake ◽

Fly Larvae ◽

Weaning Piglets

AbstractDuring weaning, piglets experience concurrent social, physical, and nutritional stressors. Consequently, piglets often have poor feed intake and display increased oral manipulative behaviours post-weaning, indicative of compromised welfare. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) possess many attractive properties for pigs and could therefore function as effective edible enrichment, potentially alleviating weaning stress by facilitating exploration and promoting feed intake. In this study, pairs of piglets received a small amount of either live BSFL or wood shavings (8 pens/treatment) scattered throughout the pen twice a day for 11 days after weaning. Home-pen behaviour was scored by instantaneous scan sampling on day 2, 5 and 8, and behavioural responses to a novel environment and novel object were scored on day 10/11. Performance-related parameters were observed regularly. Larvae provisioning increased floor-directed exploration and decreased object-directed exploration, pig-directed oral manipulation, fighting and eating of pellets, and reduced neophobia towards a novel object. Pellet intake was significantly decreased by BSFL provisioning during day 4–11 post-weaning, although feed and net energy intake including BSFL never differed between treatments. BSFL provisioning did not influence piglet growth, feed efficiency, energy efficiency, and faecal consistency. To conclude, live BSFL provisioning positively affected post-weaning piglet behaviour while maintaining performance.

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228 Standardized Ileal Digestibility of Partially Defatted Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal in Growing Pig Diets

Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.1093/jas/skab235.221 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽

pp. 120-121

Author(s):

Fiona Tansil ◽

Lee-Anne Huber ◽

Elijah Kiarie ◽

Daniel A Columbus ◽

Anna-Kate Shoveller

Keyword(s):

Fish Meal ◽

Latin Square ◽

Black Soldier Fly ◽

Promising Alternative ◽

Ileal Digestibility ◽

Growing Pig ◽

Alternative Protein ◽

Black Soldier Fly Larvae ◽

Fly Larvae

Abstract New ingredients need to be characterized both chemically and in vivo, then compared to commonly-used protein ingredients before they can be considered for use in feeds. The objective of the present study was to determine the standardized ileal digestibility (SID, %) of amino acids (AA) of partially defatted black soldier fly larvae meal (BSFLM) (49.7% CP; 14.4% crude fat as fed). Subsequently, these results were compared to the SID AA of common protein ingredients in swine feed, fish meal (FM) and soybean meal (SBM) (NRC 2012), and to published full-fat (FF) BSFLM SID values. Six ileal-cannulated barrows (18.03 ± 0.67 kg BW) were used in a 2x2 Latin square design and fed either a nitrogen-free diet (NFD) or BSFLM-containing diet over two 11-d experimental periods. In each period, barrows were adapted for 7 days to the diet and ileal digesta collection was conducted on day 10 and 11 for 8h per day. Basal endogenous AA losses (EAAL) were calculated from pigs fed the NFD and as expected, the ileal AA content were significantly higher for pigs fed the BSFLM diet than NFD (P < 0.05). SID for AA were then calculated based on the obtained EAAL values following Stein et al., 2007. For essential AA, the SID of BSFLM were all above 82%, the highest being Arg (93.76%), followed by Met (91.32%), and Phe (89.80%). The SID of essential AA were on average 5.0% higher in BSFLM than FM, but 2.7% lower than SBM. When compared to the FF BSFLM, SID of essential AA of BSFLM were 1–5% higher, except for Phe and Thr. These results suggest that partially defatted BSFLM is a promising alternative protein ingredient in growing pig diets, which has a more digestible AA profile than FM, only slightly lower than SBM, and comparable to the FF BSFLM.

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