scholarly journals 70 Cows housed in muddy environmental conditions during late gestation have lesser body weight and body condition score compared with cows housed on wood chips

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 48-48
Author(s):  
Kirsten Nickles ◽  
Alejandro E Relling ◽  
Alvaro Garcia-Guerra ◽  
Francis L Fluharty ◽  
Anthony J Parker
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Condition Score

Abstract Future climate predictions suggest greater precipitation events and an increase in mean ambient temperature during winter months, creating wet and muddy conditions during the last third of gestation for spring calving beef cows. Cows housed in these conditions will likely have increased energy requirements; however, there is limited data on cow requirements in such circumstances. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of muddy environmental conditions on cow body weight (BW) and body condition score (BCS) in late gestation. Twenty multiparous Angus cows (n = 10/treatment) housed and fed individually were used in this study. Cows were paired based on initial BW, and one cow from each pair was randomly allocated to either the mud (MUD) or control treatment (CON). Cows in the CON treatment were bedded with wood chips and not exposed to mud, while cows in the MUD treatment were housed in mud (23.6 ± 5.8 cm). Cows were fed the same diet, and each pair was fed to the CON cow’s requirements for maintenance and day of gestation. Maintenance requirements were adjusted weekly. From 213 to 269 days of gestation, cows were sampled for BW and BCS weekly. Data were analyzed as a randomized complete block design with repeated measurements, and the SLICE option of SAS was used for mean separation. All cows started at similar BW (P = 0.35) and BCS (P = 0.79); however, cows housed in muddy conditions had lesser BW (P < 0.01) and BCS (P < 0.01) at day 269 compared with CON cows, while there were no dry matter refusals from any animals throughout the study. Therefore, MUD cows weighed 37.6 kg less than CON cows by the end of the study while dry matter intake was the same between treatments, indicating that mud greatly increased cow requirements.

scholarly journals PSX-2 Growth and lactating performance of ewes fed with different energy levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 467-468
Author(s):  
Fernanda F Santos ◽  
Luciano Brochine ◽  
Vanderlei Benetel Junior ◽  
Maria Laura R Coelho ◽  
Augusto H Gameiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Condition Score

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the milk production, body weight, and body condition score (BCS) of ewes fed with different energy levels. Seventy-one ewes were used and distributed in three treatments according to the metabolizable energy (ME, Mcal/kg) levels in the diet: CTL = according to the NRC (2007) recommendation for each stage (gestation and lactation); PLUS = CTL plus 10% of ME per kilogram of dry matter; LESS = CTL less 10% ME per kilogram of dry matter. Body weight and body condition score were evaluated a week before the expected date of parturition, a week after giving birth, and at weaning (60 days). Dairy production was evaluated at 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days after giving birth by the indirect method of the two weighing. The experimental design was analyzed as randomized complete blocks. There were no differences on milk production during almost all the lactation curve. Only on day 50 (P = 0.051), CTL was still at peak, while LESS and PLUS had already decreased their production. However, at 60 days, all treatments were already with low production, justifying weaning in this period. Results of weight and BCS showed a significant difference in all periods evaluates. Ewes in the PLUS diet had greater BW and BCS. The BCS before giving birth is expected to be over 3.5 and treatment LESS was the only one that did not achieve this score (2.66, 3.37, 3.83 for LESS, CTL, and PLUS, respectively). At weaning, ewes fed PLUS and CTL had BCS of 3.51 and 2.92, respectively, but treatment LESS had only 1.82. That is prejudicial for the next mating seasonal and this animal. We concluded that LESS diet interfered with the body reserves of sheep.

scholarly journals Heritability of Electronically Recorded Daily Body Weight and Correlations with Yield, Dry Matter Intake, and Body Condition Score

2008 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 3201-3210 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.K. Toshniwal ◽  
C.D. Dechow ◽  
B.G. Cassell ◽  
J.A.D.R.N. Appuhamy ◽  
G.A. Varga
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Daily Body Weight

scholarly journals Morphological and reproductive characteristics of the Boutsko sheep of Epirus

2018 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 213
Author(s):  
S. G. FOLINAS (Γ. Σ. ΦΩΛΙΝΑΣ)
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Mating Period ◽  
Reproductive Characteristics ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Of Greece ◽  
Lambing Rate

A flock of 244 hill sheep of the indigenous Boutsko breed of Epirus (NW of Greece), 1-6 years old, kept under a transhumance system, was used to study their morphological and reproductive characteristics for a period of 14 months (March -June of next year). The results of the study could be summarized as follows: 1) The Boutsko sheep studied is a rather small indigenous hill breed (mature body weight of ewes=40,7±0,37 Kg and rams = 54,4±l,82 Kg) with hardness, longevity, early maturity and high adaptability to the harsh environmental conditions of being its most important characteristics. 2) The mating period begins relatively early (June) lasts until September, with ewes being mated first, followed by ewe hoggs and gimmers. 3) Pregnancy duration was 144,3 ±0,09 and 146,5± 0,07 days for the ewes bearing twin and single Iambs, respectively (P<0,001) and 144,0 and 145,9±0,12 days for the gimmers bearing twin and single lambs, respectively (P<0,05). Body condition score of animals at the end of pregnancy remained satisfactory (3.25 ±0,14). 4) Fertility of the animals was high. All females were mated and lambed. Lambing rate at birth and at weaning was 1,25 and 1,04, respectively.

Effects of feeding varying amounts of a grain/forage diet during late gestation and lactation on the performance of Matebele goats

1997 ◽  
Vol 128 (4) ◽  
pp. 469-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. SIBANDA ◽  
L. R. NDLOVU ◽  
M. J. BRYANT
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Maize Grain ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Smallholder Systems

Individually-penned Matebele does were randomly allocated to three dietary treatments during gestation (0·66, 0·50 and 0·33 MJ ME/kg metabolic weight) and subsequently offered either 0·95 or 0·6 MJ ME/kg metabolic weight during lactation in Gwanda, south west of Zimbabwe, in 1990. The diets offered consisted of veld and lucerne hay and maize grain in proportions of 0·56, 0·24 and 0·2, respectively.Reducing the amount of energy consumed from 0·58 to 0·26 MJ ME/kg metabolic weight in the last 7 weeks of gestation resulted in does suffering a net loss in body weight (−2 kg) and body condition score, although it had no significant effect on the birth weight of single kids.Reducing feeding in the first 15 weeks of lactation from 0·95 to 0·59 MJ ME/kg metabolic body weight only had minor effects upon liveweight and body condition score change of the does and had no effect on the growth of kids. Amount of feed offered in lactation had a positive effect upon milk yield and there was a trend for yields to increase proportionally to pre-partum dietary intake. Diet had no effect upon milk composition. It was concluded that the benefits of supplementary feeding are small and may not justify the extra costs entailed in smallholder systems.

scholarly journals 21 DIFFERENT SUCKLING REGIMENS AND RETURN TO POSTPARTUM CYCLIC OVARIAN ACTIVITY IN SANTA INÊS EWES

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
N. G. Alves ◽  
I. J. Ascari ◽  
A. C. Alves ◽  
R. R. Lima ◽  
I. F. F. Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Early Weaning ◽  
Condition Score ◽  
Santa Inês

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of different suckling regimens on body condition and interval from lambing to onset of the cyclic ovarian activity in Santa Inês ewes. Thirty-two ewes were allocated to blocks according to parity, number of lambs, and body weight and submitted to 3 treatments: continuous suckling (n = 11 ewes, 13 lambs), controlled suckling (n = 10 ewes, 14 lambs) with 2 suckling periods per day for 1 h from Day 10 postpartum (pp), or early weaning (n = 11 ewes, 14 lambs) with total separation of the lambs from Day 10 pp. The animals were evaluated in the interval from Day 12 pp to first estrus or to Day 60 pp. Dry matter intake was evaluated daily. The body weight of ewes and lambs and body condition score (scale 1 = thin and 5 = fat) of ewes were evaluated at lambing and at every 6 days after. Lambs were weighed at weaning. Estrus was monitored twice daily with a teaser ram. Blood samples for progesterone measurement were collected and ovarian ultrasonography was done at intervals of 3 days from Day 12 pp to first estrus or to Day 60 pp. Dry matter intake was analyzed over time, considering 9 periods, with PROC MIXED of SAS (2008; SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA). Body weight, body condition score, interval from lambing to first ovulation, and weaning weight were analyzed using the GLM procedure, ANOVA, and an F-test. The intervals from lambing to first estrus and to follicles with a diameter ≥5 mm were analyzed considering a Poisson distribution and the percentage of estrus manifestation was analyzed considering a Bernoulli distribution, by generalized linear models, using PROC GENMOD. The dry matter intake did not differ (P > 0.05) among treatments (2.3 ± 0.1, 2.2 ± 0.0, and 1.6 ± 0.0 kg day–1), but it differed over time (P < 0.05). The body weight gain (3.3 ± 1.0, 3.0 ± 0.9, and 2.1 ± 1.4 kg), body condition score gain (0.2 ± 0.1, 0.2 ± 0.1, and 0.2 ± 0.1), percentage of estrus manifestation (63.6, 50.0, and 54.5%), interval from lambing to first estrus (45.0 ± 3.9, 44.0 ± 7.2, and 32.3 ± 5.4 days), follicle with a diameter ≥5 mm (31.0 ± 3.3, 33.9 ± 3.0, and 34.9 ± 4.5 days), and ovulation (38.0 ± 3.6, 35.6 ± 3.9, and 26.5 ± 3.2 days) did not differ among treatments (P > 0.05). The dry matter intake was correlated with body weight in ewes that were submitted to continuous suckling (r = 0.7; P < 0.01) and controlled suckling (r = 0.6; P < 0.01), but not in those submitted to early weaning (r = 0.2; P > 0.05). The body condition score was correlated with body weight in ewes submitted to continuous suckling (r = 0.8; P < 0.01), controlled suckling (r = 0.4; P < 0.01), and early weaning (r = 0.5; P < 0.01), and with dry matter intake in those submitted to continuous suckling (r = 0.4; P < 0.01). Weaning weight was lower (P < 0.05) in lambs subjected to early weaning (19.0 ± 1.0, 18.3 ± 1.0, and 15.2 ± 0.6 kg), but their health was not compromised. Continuous suckling did not delay the return to postpartum cyclic ovarian activity and did not influence the postpartum body condition of Santa Inês ewes and should be used by producers. The financial support of Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) is acknowledged.

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