scholarly journals 162 Effects of bedding application on feedlot receiving phase growth performance and estimated maintenance requirement in newly weaned beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 128-129
Author(s):  
Dathan Smerchek ◽  
Zachary K Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Red Angus

Abstract The effect of bedding application on growth performance and estimated maintenance energy requirements during the feedlot receiving phase was evaluated in newly weaned beef steers (n = 162 Charolais-Red Angus cross steers; initial un-shrunk body weight [BW] = 278 ± 13.4 kg). Steers were housed in 18 concrete surface pens (n = 9 steers/pen) measuring 7.62 × 7.62 m at the Ruminant Nutrition Center in Brookings, SD. A corn silage based receiving diet was fed that contained approximately 1.74 Mcal/kg of NEm, approximately 1.12 Mcal/kg of NEg, and monensin sodium at 27.6 g/T. Pens were assigned to one of two treatments: 1) no bedding (NO), or 2) 1.0 kg (as-is basis) of wheat straw bedding/steer/d (BED). The study was conducted from October to December of 2019. Daily ambient temperature (n = 56) averaged -3.0°C [SD 5.5] and windchill averaged -5.1°C [SD 6.1] during the course of the study. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS 9.4 (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC) as a randomized complete block design with pen serving as the experimental unit. An α of 0.05 determined significance and tendencies were declared from 0.06 to 0.10. At study initiation, initial un-shrunk body weight did not differ (P = 0.69) between treatments. Bedding application did not influence (P ≥ 0.66) final body weight (shrunk 4%) or average daily gain. Dry matter intake tended to increase (P = 0.06) by 3.8% in NO compared to BED. Gain to feed was increased (P = 0.01) by 5.6% in BED compared to NO. Maintenance coefficient (MQ) was elevated (P = 0.03) 18.9% for NO compared to BED. These data indicate that bedding application improved feed efficiency and reduced estimated MQ in beef steers during the feedlot receiving phase.

PSX-B-5 Effect of replacement of dry-rolled corn with un-processed rye on growth performance, efficiency of dietary net energy utilization, and carcass traits of finishing heifers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
Keith M Buckhaus ◽  
Warren C Rusche ◽  
Zachary K Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Finishing Diets

Abstract Continental × British beef heifers were used in a randomized complete block design experiment to evaluate the effects of replacing dry-rolled corn with unprocessed rye on growth performance, efficiency of dietary net energy (NE) utilization, and carcass trait responses in finishing heifers. Heifers (n = 56; 433 ± 34.0 kg) were transported 241 km from a regional sale barn to the Ruminant Nutrition Center in Brookings, SD. Heifers were blocked by weight grouping and then allotted to pens (n = 7 heifers/pen and 4 pens/treatment). Treatments included a finishing diet that contained 60% grain (DM basis) as dry-rolled corn (DRC) or unprocessed rye grain (RYE). On d 14, heifers were consuming the final diet and were implanted with 200 mg of trenbolone acetate and 28 mg of estradiol benzoate (Synovex-Plus, Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ). RYE heifers had decreased (P ≤ 0.01) final body weight, average daily gain, and gain efficiency; but tended (P = 0.08) to have a greater dry matter intake compared to DRC. RYE had decreased (P ≤ 0.01) observed dietary NE and decreased (P ≤ 0.01) observed-to-expected dietary NE ratio for maintenance and gain compared to DRC. Dressing percentage, 12th rib fat thickness, ribeye area, and the distribution of USDA yield and quality grades were not altered (P ≥ 0.12) by diet. Hot carcass weight, yield grade, estimated empty body fat (EBF), and body weight at 28% EBF decreased (P ≤ 0.02) and retail yield increased (P= 0.01) in RYE compared to DRC. These data indicate that unprocessed rye is a palatable feed ingredient for inclusion in finishing diets for beef cattle and that rye inclusion only minimally influences carcass quality. The feeding value of unprocessed rye is considerably less (21.4%) than that of dry-rolled corn using current standards and approximately 91% of the NE value of processed rye.

scholarly journals Increasing hay inclusion in silage-based receiving diets and its effects on performance and energy utilization in newly weaned beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 848-853
Author(s):  
Dathan T Smerchek ◽  
Elizabeth M Buckhaus ◽  
Katie D Miller ◽  
Zachary K Smith
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Red Angus

Abstract The influence of grass hay (GH) inclusion in replacement of corn silage in receiving diets on growth performance and dietary net energy (NE) utilization was evaluated in newly weaned beef steers (n = 162 Charolais-Red Angus cross steers; initial body weight [BW] = 278 ± 13.4 kg). Treatments were (DM basis): 1) 0% GH, 2) 10% GH, or 3) 20% GH inclusion in replacement of corn silage in receiving diets fed to newly weaned beef steers for 56 d. The study was conducted from October to December of 2019. Data were analyzed as randomized complete block design with pen serving as the experimental unit for all analyses. Increasing dietary inclusion of hay had no influence (P ≥ 0.11) on final BW, ADG, gain:feed or observed/expected dietary NEM and NEG, observed/expected dry matter intake (DMI), or observed/expected ADG. GH inclusion increased (linear effect, P = 0.01) DMI. Observed DMI for all treatments was approximately 15% to 17% less than anticipated based upon steer growth performance and tabular NE values. Evaluation of observed/expected ADG was 31% to 37% greater than expected for the steers in the present study. Particles less than 4 mm increased (linear effect, P = 0.01) and greater than 4 mm decreased (linear effect, P = 0.01) as GH replaced corn silage in the receiving diet. As the proportion of particles greater than 4 mm increased, cumulative ADG was decreased. These data indicate that GH should be considered in corn silage-based receiving diets to improve DMI. In high-risk calves, improved DMI could result in a lesser incidence of morbidity, although no morbidity was observed in any steers from the present study.

scholarly journals 450 Late-Breaking: Effects of bedding on feedlot receiving phase growth performance in beef steers during the winter in eastern South Dakota

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 141-142
Author(s):  
Dathan Smerchek ◽  
Zachary K Smith
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Phase Growth ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Two-hundred and forty English × Continental beef steers (initial BW=365 kg [SD 22.5]) were used in a randomized complete block design to evaluate the effects of bedding application during a 36 d feedlot receiving phase on growth performance and efficiency during winter. Steers were allotted to 30 pens (n = 8 steers/pen) at the Ruminant Nutrition Center in Brookings, SD and pens were assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) No bedding applied (NO) or 2) 1.8 kg (as-is basis) of wheat straw bedding/steer/d (BED). Due to the logistics of acquiring, weighing, and timely feeding of steers, the first 9 pen replicates began on test 14 d prior (begin: January 15, 2019 and end: February 20, 2019) to the last 6 pen replicates (begin: January 29, 2019 and end: March 6, 2019). Pen was the experimental unit; an α of 0.05 determined significance. Daily ambient temperature (n = 50) averaged -14.7°C [SD 5.63] and wind-chill (n = 50) averaged -17.7°C [SD 6.40]. Initial BW (365 vs. 365 ± 0.5 kg) and dry matter intake (8.19 vs. 8.22 ± 0.047 kg) did not differ (P ≥ 0.57) between NO and BED. End BW was greater for BED (P = 0.01; 419 vs. 402 ± 1.09 kg) compared to NO. Steers from BED had increased average daily gain (P = 0.01) by 48.0% and gain:feed (P = 0.01) by 49.2% over NO. Using tabular ingredient energy values and observed steer performance shrunk 4%, relative adjustments to metabolic rate were calculated. Estimated metabolic rate was elevated (P = 0.01) for NO (0.146 vs. 0.104 ± 0.0032 Mcal/BW0.75, kg). Bedding improves feedlot receiving phase growth and efficiency in eastern South Dakota during the winter. Under the environmental conditions of this experiment, steers have a 40.4% increased metabolic rate when bedding is not used and steers in bedded pens had a 35.1% increase in metabolic rate compared to (0.077 Mcal/BW0.75, kg).

215 Effects of Increasing Dietary Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine Levels on Growth Performance of 39- to 119-kg Pigs Sired by High Index Boars

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 81-82
Author(s):  
Ning Lu ◽  
Carine M Vier ◽  
Gustavo Silva ◽  
Luis E Zaragoza ◽  
Brandon Knopf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
High Index ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Competing Models

Abstract Our objective was to determine the effects of increasing dietary standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine (Lys) on the growth performance of grow-finish pigs. A total of 1,120 pigs (PIC 337×Camborough, initially 39.0±0.82 kg) were used in a 77-d study. Pigs used in the study were sired by boars ranked in the top 15% of a selected PIC elite boar stud based on index. Pens of pigs were blocked by body weight and randomly allotted to 1 of 5 treatments, which consisted of 85, 95, 105, 115, and 125% of the PIC2016 SID Lys recommendations within each phase. Diets were corn-soybean meal-based and formulated to be iso-caloric. Treatments were achieved with increasing feed-grade amino acids. There were 9 mixed-gender pens per treatment and 24 or 25 pigs per pen. Data were analyzed using generalized linear and nonlinear mixed models with pen as the experimental unit. Competing models included linear, quadratic polynomial (QP), broken-line linear (BLL), and broken-line quadratic (BLQ). Increasing dietary SID Lys from 85 to 125% marginally improved overall average daily gain (ADG, quadratic, P = 0.056), gain to feed ratio (G:F, quadratic, P = 0.062), and final body weight (linear, P = 0.075). There was no evidence for treatment effects on mortality and removals (P > 0.10). The best-fitting models for ADG were QP and BLL. The QP model estimated the maximum ADG at 110.6% (95% CI: 93 to >125%), with 99% of maximum ADG achieved at 97.4%. The BLL plateau was estimated at 105.0% (95% CI: 74 to 136%). The best-fitting model for G:F was QP, estimating the maximum G:F at 107.8% (95% CI: 92 to >125%). In conclusion, the estimated optimum overall SID Lys for 39- to 119-kg pigs sired by high index boars ranged from 105.0 to 110.6% of PIC2016 SID Lys recommendation within each phase, depending on the response criteria and statistical model.

scholarly journals 294 Effects of bedding application on growth performance and carcass traits in finishing beef steers during the winter and spring in eastern South Dakota

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 143-143
Author(s):  
Dathan Smerchek ◽  
Zachary K Smith
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Phase Growth ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

Abstract Two-hundred and forty Continental × English beef steers (allotment BW = 365 kg [SD 22.5]) were used in a randomized complete block design feedlot study to evaluate the effects of bedding application during the finishing phase. Steers were allotted to 30 concrete surface pens (n = 8 steers/pen) at the Ruminant Nutrition Center (RNC) in Brookings, SD. A common diet was fed that contained 2.09 Mcal/kg of NEm and 1.39 Mcal/kg of NEg and provided 30 g/ton of monensin sodium to diet DM. Pens were assigned to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) No bedding applied (NO) or 2) 1.8 kg (as-is basis) of wheat straw bedding/steer/d (BED). The first 9 pen replicates began on test 14 d prior to the last 6 pen replicates. Pen was the experimental unit; an α of 0.05 determined significance. This study was part of a factorial experiment that included steroidal implant. No interactions were detected (P ≥ 0.09). Daily ambient temperature (n = 183) averaged 4.33°C [SD 3.21] during the study. Dry matter intake was increased (P = 0.01) by 5.8% in BED compared to NO. Carcass-adjusted ADG (P = 0.01) and G:F (P = 0.01) were increased in BED by 21.0% and 14.4%, respectively. Carcass-adjusted final BW and HCW tended to differ (P ≤ 0.07) between NO and BED. Cattle from NO required an additional 35 days to achieve similar final live BW. Rib eye area (P = 0.69) did not differ between NO and BED. Dressing percentage (P = 0.01; 63.29 vs. 62.30 ± 0.410%), backfat (P = 0.01; 1.19 vs. 1.09 ± 0.410 cm), marbling (P = 0.01; 475 vs. 437 ± 6.6), and yield grade (P = 0.03; 2.95 vs. 2.81 ± 0.045) were increased in NO. Estimated metabolic rate was elevated (P = 0.02; 0.0995 vs. 0.0948 ± 0.013 Mcal/BW0.75, kg), for NO vs. BED. Bedding improved feedlot finishing phase growth performance and gain efficiency during finishing in eastern South Dakota.

515 Late-Breaking: Effects of Dietary Phytase with or without Multi-carbohydrase Supplementation on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Bone Traits in Nursery Pigs

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 207-208
Author(s):  
Olumide E Adeshakin ◽  
Bonjin Koo ◽  
Robert Patterson ◽  
Martin Nyachoti
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Metacarpal Bone ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Deficient Diet ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Metacarpal Bones

Abstract The aim was to determine the effects of supplementing increasing doses of phytase (PHY) alone or in combination with multi-carbohydrase (MC) blend to a P-deficient diet for nursery pigs on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and metacarpal bone characteristics. A total of 192 weaned pigs (7.7 ± 0.05 kg BW) were allotted to 1 of 8 dietary treatments each with 8 replicates in a randomised complete block design based on initial body weight. Diets consisted of a P-deficient negative control (NC), NC + 250 FTU/kg (TRT1), NC + 500 FTU/kg (TRT2), NC + 1,000 FTU/kg (TRT3), NC + 0.2g/kg MC (TRT4), TRT4 + 250 FTU/kg (TRT5), TRT4 + 500 FTU/kg (TRT6), and TRT4 + 1,000 FTU/kg (TRT7). Fecal samples (d 18, 19, and 20) and metacarpal bones (d21) were collected to determine apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of energy and nutrients and bone mineralization, respectively. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS with orthogonal polynomial contrast statements with a pen as an experimental unit for growth performance and digestibility and 1 pig per pen for bone traits. During week 2, MC supplementation tended to increase (P = 0.05) body weight whereas by week 3, increasing doses of PHY linearly (P < 0.05) increased average daily gain (ADG). Overall, PHY supplementation had a quadratic effect (P < 0.05) increasing ADG. However, there was an interaction (P < 0.05) whereby PHY and MC in combination acted synergistically to increase percentage of ash and P ATTD. Phytase had linear (P < 0.05) and quadratic (P < 0.05) by increasing fat-free dry weight, ash content, and P in metacarpal bone. In conclusion, increasing levels of PHY quadratically improved growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and bone traits of pigs fed a P-deficient diet.

scholarly journals 129 The effect of Activo Liquid supplemented via the water against Mecadox 50 on nursery pig’s growth performance and survival

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 73-73
Author(s):  
Rafael A Cabrera
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Feeding Program

Abstract The objective of this study was to compare Activo Liquid supplemented via the water agaisnt Mecadox 50 on nursery pigs’ growth performance and survival. Activo Liquid is a combination of secondary plant compounds plus organic acid (antimicrobial) supplemented in the water to support gut health and improve performance. The study design of this trial was a Split Plot with 36 replicates (9 replicates/treatment) with 10 pigs/pen. Pigs were allotted by a Randomized Complete Block Design by weight at weaning. Pigs were around 5.7 kg and 19 days of age average on body weight and weaning age, respectively. The nursery houses were not washed for two turns to expose the animals to serious pathogens. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance with pen as the experimental unit. Significant differences were established by P < 0.05. Treatments were Control with 50g/ton of Mecadox for all nursery phases and three Activo Liquid treatments (6 oz per 128 gallon of drinking water administered either for 3, 5 or 7 days post-weaning). A typical nursery feeding program was followed: Phase 1 from d 0 to d 7, Phase2 from d 8 to d 21 and Phase 3 from d 22 to d4 2. They contain 23%, 21% and 19% crude protein respectively. The results showed no significant difference on final body weight among the treatments. All Activo treatments had improved (P < 0.05) feed conversion (Feed:Gain) when compared with the medicated treatment. Activo Liquid 5d treatment post-weaning had numerically lower mortality when compared with all the other treatments. In conclusion, the results of this trial showed that the supplementation of Activo Liquid for 5 d post-weaning at 6 oz/128 gallon of water can safely replace Mecadox 50 g/ton. More research is needed to validate the repeatability of these results and understand Activo Liquid’s mode of action as a powerful antimicrobial.

scholarly journals PSII-20 Evaluation of Different Vitamin Concentrations in a Commercial Wean-to-Finish Program

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 170-171
Author(s):  
Robyn Thompson ◽  
Brandon Knopf ◽  
Carine Vier ◽  
Ning Lu ◽  
Wayne Cast ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Serum Vitamin ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Our objective was to evaluate the effects of different vitamin concentrations on growth performance of wean-to-finish pigs under commercial conditions. A total of 900 barrows and gilts (PIC337×Camborough; initially 5.34±0.13 kg) were used in a 136-d growth trial with 25 pigs per pen and 12 pens per treatment in a randomized complete block design. Experimental diets were fed in 3 phases during nursery (5-6, 6-13, and 13-26 kg) and 5 phases during grow-finish (26-44, 44-65, 65-87, 87-108, and 108-128 kg). Dietary treatments consisted of: 1) NRC: vitamin concentrations following NRC (2012) recommendations; 2) PIC: vitamin concentrations following PIC (2016) recommendations; 3) Low-PIC: vitamin concentrations that ranged from 0 to 91% of PIC recommendations. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS with pen as the experimental unit. During the nursery period, pigs fed PIC and Low-PIC diets had greater (P&lt; 0.05) average daily feed intake (ADFI) compared to pigs fed NRC diets. There was no evidence (P &gt;0.10) for differences in average daily gain (ADG) and feed efficiency (G:F). During the grow-finish period, there was no evidence (P &gt;0.10) for differences in growth performance. During the overall wean-to-finish period, pigs fed PIC diets had lower (P&lt; 0.05) ADG and final body weight compared to pigs fed NRC and Low-PIC diets. There was no evidence (P &gt;0.10) for differences in ADFI or G:F. Pigs fed PIC diets had the greatest serum vitamin D3 at the end of nursery and finish periods (P&lt; 0.05) and the greatest serum Vitamin E at the end of nursery period (P&lt; 0.05). In summary, pigs fed PIC and Low-PIC diets had greater nursery feed intake and serum vitamin E and D3 concentrations compared to pigs fed NRC diets. Data from this study have demonstrated that pigs fed diets with reduced vitamin concentrations compared to PIC (2016) recommendations had improved wean-to-finish growth rate.

scholarly journals Bedding Application to Feedlot Steers: Influence on Growth Performance, Estimated Maintenance Coefficient, Carcass Characteristics, and Circulating Metabolites in Beef Steers

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1766
Author(s):  
Dathan Thomas Smerchek ◽  
Zachary Kidd Smith
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
Maintenance Coefficient ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Red Angus ◽  
Daily Gain

Two randomized complete block design experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of bedding use in confined beef steers. Experiment 1 used Simmental × Angus steers (n = 240; initial body weight (BW) = 365 ± 22.5 kg). Experiment 2 used newly weaned Charolais × Red Angus steers (n = 162; initial BW = 278 ± 13.4 kg). Steers were allotted to one of two treatments: (1) no bedding (NO), or (2) 1.8 kg (Experiment 1) or 1.0 kg (Experiment 2) of wheat straw (as-is basis) bedding/steer·d−1 (BED). In Experiment 1, applying bedding improved (p ≤ 0.01) dry matter intake (DMI), kg of gain to kg of feed (G:F), and average daily gain (ADG). Bedding reduced (p = 0.01) the estimated maintenance coefficient (MQ). Dressing percentage, rib fat, marbling, and yield grade were increased (p ≤ 0.03) in NO. Bedding resulted in an increase (p = 0.01) in serum insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I). In Experiment 2, a tendency (p = 0.06) for increased DMI for NO was noted. Bedding improved G:F (p = 0.01). MQ was elevated (p = 0.03) for NO and NO had an increase (p = 0.02) in serum concentration of urea-N (SUN). An increase (p = 0.01) in serum non-esterified fatty acid was noted for NO. These data indicate that bedding application should be considered to improve growth performance and feed efficiency by reducing maintenance energy requirements in beef steers during the feedlot receiving and finishing phase.

310 Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics of Beef Steers Consuming Finishing Diets with an Added Nutritional Packet

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 169-169
Author(s):  
Kaue T Tonelli Nardi ◽  
Jhones O Onorino Sarturi ◽  
Darren D Henry ◽  
Francine M Ciriaco ◽  
Nelson O Huerta-Leidenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Fat Deposition ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Thiamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Finishing Diets

Abstract The effects of a nutritional packet fed to beef steers during the final 64 d of the feedlot finishing phase on growth performance and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Crossbred-Angus steers (n = 120; initial BW = 544 ± 52 kg) were assigned to 30 pens (4 steers/pen; 15 pens/treatment) in a randomized complete block design where pen represented the experimental unit. A steam-flaked corn-based finishing diet was fed ad libitum, and treatments were applied as follows: 1) control and 2) 30 g/steer-daily (DM-basis) of the nutritional packet (containing live yeast [8.7 Log CFU of Saccharomyces cerevisiae], vitamin C [5.4 g/kg of Ascorbic acid], vitamin B1 [13.33 g/kg of Thiamine hydrochloride], sodium chloride [80 g/kg] and potassium chloride [80 g/kg]). The nutritional packet used ground corn as a carrier and was included at 1 % of diet DM. Orts were quantified daily (if any) and subtracted from the total dietary DM offered to calculate DM intake. Unshrunk BW were collected on d 0, 21, 42 and 64 before daily feeding at 0630 h. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS. Average daily gain (P = 0.89), dry matter intake (P = 0.57) and, gain:feed (P = 0.66) were not affected by the inclusion of the nutritional packet. The 12th rib fat deposition was increased (P ≤ 0.02) for cattle fed the nutritional packet compared with control (15.70 vs. 13.36 mm, respectively). Consequently, calculated yield grade was also increased (P ≤ 0.03) for cattle consuming the nutritional packet (3.32 vs. 3.02). An improved carcass fat-deposition without any deleterious effects on growth performance potentially warrant less days on feed when cattle receive such nutritional packet.

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