215 Effects of Increasing Dietary Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine Levels on Growth Performance of 39- to 119-kg Pigs Sired by High Index Boars

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 81-82
Author(s):  
Ning Lu ◽  
Carine M Vier ◽  
Gustavo Silva ◽  
Luis E Zaragoza ◽  
Brandon Knopf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
High Index ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Competing Models

Abstract Our objective was to determine the effects of increasing dietary standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine (Lys) on the growth performance of grow-finish pigs. A total of 1,120 pigs (PIC 337×Camborough, initially 39.0±0.82 kg) were used in a 77-d study. Pigs used in the study were sired by boars ranked in the top 15% of a selected PIC elite boar stud based on index. Pens of pigs were blocked by body weight and randomly allotted to 1 of 5 treatments, which consisted of 85, 95, 105, 115, and 125% of the PIC2016 SID Lys recommendations within each phase. Diets were corn-soybean meal-based and formulated to be iso-caloric. Treatments were achieved with increasing feed-grade amino acids. There were 9 mixed-gender pens per treatment and 24 or 25 pigs per pen. Data were analyzed using generalized linear and nonlinear mixed models with pen as the experimental unit. Competing models included linear, quadratic polynomial (QP), broken-line linear (BLL), and broken-line quadratic (BLQ). Increasing dietary SID Lys from 85 to 125% marginally improved overall average daily gain (ADG, quadratic, P = 0.056), gain to feed ratio (G:F, quadratic, P = 0.062), and final body weight (linear, P = 0.075). There was no evidence for treatment effects on mortality and removals (P > 0.10). The best-fitting models for ADG were QP and BLL. The QP model estimated the maximum ADG at 110.6% (95% CI: 93 to >125%), with 99% of maximum ADG achieved at 97.4%. The BLL plateau was estimated at 105.0% (95% CI: 74 to 136%). The best-fitting model for G:F was QP, estimating the maximum G:F at 107.8% (95% CI: 92 to >125%). In conclusion, the estimated optimum overall SID Lys for 39- to 119-kg pigs sired by high index boars ranged from 105.0 to 110.6% of PIC2016 SID Lys recommendation within each phase, depending on the response criteria and statistical model.

168 Effects of Increasing Dietary Standardized Ileal Digestible Lysine Levels on Growth Performance of 12- to 26-kg Pigs Sired by High Index Boars

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 60-61
Author(s):  
Carine M Vier ◽  
Ning Lu ◽  
Gustavo Silva ◽  
Luis E Zaragoza ◽  
Brandon Knopf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
High Index ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Linear Quadratic ◽  
Nursery Pigs ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Competing Models ◽  
Mixed Gender

Abstract Our objective was to determine the effects of increasing dietary standardized ileal digestible (SID) lysine (Lys) on the growth performance of late nursery pigs. A total of 1,125 pigs (PIC 337×Camborough, initially 12.0±0.66 kg) were used in a 21-d study. The pigs used in the study were sired by boars ranked in the top 15% of a selected PIC elite boar stud based on index. Pens of pigs were blocked by body weight and randomly allotted to 1 of 5 treatments containing 0.95, 1.10, 1.20, 1.35, and 1.50% of SID Lys. Diets were corn-soybean meal-based and contained 2,480 Kcal of NE/kg. Treatments were achieved with increasing feed-grade amino acids. There were 9 mixed gender pens per treatment and 25 pigs per pen. Data were analyzed using generalized linear and nonlinear mixed models with pen as the experimental unit. Competing models included linear, quadratic polynomial (QP), broken-line linear (BLL), and broken-line quadratic (BLQ). Increasing SID Lys concentration improved average daily gain (ADG, linear, P < 0.001) and gain to feed ratio (G:F, quadratic, P = 0.011). The best-fitting models for ADG were QP and BLL. The QP model estimated the maximum ADG at 1.43% (95% CI: 1.12 to >1.50%), with 99% of maximum ADG achieved at 1.27%. The BLL plateau was estimated at 1.31% (95%CI: 1.06 to >1.50%). The best-fitting models for G:F were QP, BLL, and BLQ. The QP model estimated the maximum G:F at 1.48% (95%CI: 1.23 to >1.50%), with 99% of maximum G:F achieved at 1.24%. The BLL plateau was estimated at 1.30% (95% CI: 1.18 to 1.41%), whereas the BLQ plateau was estimated at 1.36% (95%CI: 1.14 to >1.50%). In conclusion, the estimated optimum SID Lys concentration for 12- to 26-kg pigs sired by high index boars ranged from 1.30 to 1.48%, depending on the response criteria and statistical model.

scholarly journals 162 Effects of bedding application on feedlot receiving phase growth performance and estimated maintenance requirement in newly weaned beef steers

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 128-129
Author(s):  
Dathan Smerchek ◽  
Zachary K Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Red Angus

Abstract The effect of bedding application on growth performance and estimated maintenance energy requirements during the feedlot receiving phase was evaluated in newly weaned beef steers (n = 162 Charolais-Red Angus cross steers; initial un-shrunk body weight [BW] = 278 ± 13.4 kg). Steers were housed in 18 concrete surface pens (n = 9 steers/pen) measuring 7.62 × 7.62 m at the Ruminant Nutrition Center in Brookings, SD. A corn silage based receiving diet was fed that contained approximately 1.74 Mcal/kg of NEm, approximately 1.12 Mcal/kg of NEg, and monensin sodium at 27.6 g/T. Pens were assigned to one of two treatments: 1) no bedding (NO), or 2) 1.0 kg (as-is basis) of wheat straw bedding/steer/d (BED). The study was conducted from October to December of 2019. Daily ambient temperature (n = 56) averaged -3.0°C [SD 5.5] and windchill averaged -5.1°C [SD 6.1] during the course of the study. Data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX procedure of SAS 9.4 (SAS Inst. Inc., Cary, NC) as a randomized complete block design with pen serving as the experimental unit. An α of 0.05 determined significance and tendencies were declared from 0.06 to 0.10. At study initiation, initial un-shrunk body weight did not differ (P = 0.69) between treatments. Bedding application did not influence (P ≥ 0.66) final body weight (shrunk 4%) or average daily gain. Dry matter intake tended to increase (P = 0.06) by 3.8% in NO compared to BED. Gain to feed was increased (P = 0.01) by 5.6% in BED compared to NO. Maintenance coefficient (MQ) was elevated (P = 0.03) 18.9% for NO compared to BED. These data indicate that bedding application improved feed efficiency and reduced estimated MQ in beef steers during the feedlot receiving phase.

scholarly journals Effects of increasing dietary zinc on growth performance and carcass characteristics of pigs raised under commercial conditions1,2

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 731-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique S Cemin ◽  
Jason C Woodworth ◽  
Mike D Tokach ◽  
Steve S Dritz ◽  
Joel M DeRouchey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Final Body Weight

Abstract A total of 2,430 pigs (PIC 337 × 1050; Hendersonville, TN; initially 30.1 kg) were used in a 113-d growth trial to determine the effects of increasing dietary Zn on growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs raised under commercial conditions. Pens of pigs were assigned to be fed one of five dietary treatments in a randomized complete block design. Treatments consisted of 50, 87.5, 125, 162.5, or 200 mg/kg added Zn from Zn hydroxychloride (IntelliBond Z, Micronutrients, Indianapolis, IN). Two identical barns were used for a total of 18 pens per treatment with 27 pigs per pen. Experimental diets were fed in five phases and contained a vitamin-trace mineral premix without added Zn. Pens of pigs were weighed approximately every 2 wk to calculate average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain-to-feed ratio (G:F). At the end of the experimental period, pigs were tattooed with a pen identification number and transported to a packing plant to measure hot carcass weight (HCW), backfat, loin depth, and calculated lean percentage. Data were analyzed block nested within barn as a random effect and pen as the experimental unit. From days 0 to 42, pigs fed diets with increasing added Zn had lower (linear, P = 0.043) ADFI and a tendency (P = 0.092) for lower ADG. From days 42 to 113, increasing added Zn resulted in a quadratic response (P = 0.042) for ADFI and a tendency (linear, P = 0.056) for improved G:F. Overall (days 0 to 113), there were tendencies for quadratic responses for ADFI (P = 0.073) and G:F (P = 0.059), with the greatest G:F observed when 125 mg/kg of Zn was fed. Increasing added Zn resulted in a linear increase (P < 0.001) in daily Zn intake. There were no differences (P > 0.10) in overall ADG, final body weight, HCW, backfat, loin depth, lean percentage, mortality, and removal rate. In conclusion, there were no improvements in ADG when feeding beyond 50 mg/kg added Zn; however, providing 125 mg/kg added Zn resulted in the greatest G:F.

PSX-B-5 Effect of replacement of dry-rolled corn with un-processed rye on growth performance, efficiency of dietary net energy utilization, and carcass traits of finishing heifers

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 458-459
Author(s):  
Keith M Buckhaus ◽  
Warren C Rusche ◽  
Zachary K Smith
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Trenbolone Acetate ◽  
Finishing Diets

Abstract Continental × British beef heifers were used in a randomized complete block design experiment to evaluate the effects of replacing dry-rolled corn with unprocessed rye on growth performance, efficiency of dietary net energy (NE) utilization, and carcass trait responses in finishing heifers. Heifers (n = 56; 433 ± 34.0 kg) were transported 241 km from a regional sale barn to the Ruminant Nutrition Center in Brookings, SD. Heifers were blocked by weight grouping and then allotted to pens (n = 7 heifers/pen and 4 pens/treatment). Treatments included a finishing diet that contained 60% grain (DM basis) as dry-rolled corn (DRC) or unprocessed rye grain (RYE). On d 14, heifers were consuming the final diet and were implanted with 200 mg of trenbolone acetate and 28 mg of estradiol benzoate (Synovex-Plus, Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ). RYE heifers had decreased (P ≤ 0.01) final body weight, average daily gain, and gain efficiency; but tended (P = 0.08) to have a greater dry matter intake compared to DRC. RYE had decreased (P ≤ 0.01) observed dietary NE and decreased (P ≤ 0.01) observed-to-expected dietary NE ratio for maintenance and gain compared to DRC. Dressing percentage, 12th rib fat thickness, ribeye area, and the distribution of USDA yield and quality grades were not altered (P ≥ 0.12) by diet. Hot carcass weight, yield grade, estimated empty body fat (EBF), and body weight at 28% EBF decreased (P ≤ 0.02) and retail yield increased (P= 0.01) in RYE compared to DRC. These data indicate that unprocessed rye is a palatable feed ingredient for inclusion in finishing diets for beef cattle and that rye inclusion only minimally influences carcass quality. The feeding value of unprocessed rye is considerably less (21.4%) than that of dry-rolled corn using current standards and approximately 91% of the NE value of processed rye.

Effect of Yeast Type and Dose on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility of Growing Rabbits Fed Maize or Barley

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amr M.A. Elmasry ◽  
Luis A. Miranda ◽  
Germán Mendoza ◽  
Fernando X. Plata
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Yeast Concentration

Background: The effects of the probiotics vary with the doses and strains used for this reason, a study was conducted over 35 days to determine the effect of live yeast supplementation in the diet of growing rabbits on growth performance and apparent nutrient digestibility.Methods: A total of 60 New Zealand and California rabbits (5 weeks old, average body weight 0.881±0.015 kg) were housed in 30 cages. They were fed with a control diet based on alfalfa and maize or barley grains and supplemented with Procreatin®7 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I 1077) or Biosaf® SC47 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae NCYC Sc47) at three doses, namely 0, 6.4, or 12.8 ×109 CFU per kg basal diet.Result: The higher yeast concentration had a positive effect (P less than 0.01) on final body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG) and carcass weight (CW). However, there were no significant differences in dry matter intake. As a result of this, the feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased (P less than 0.01). Significant increases (P less than 0.05) in nutrient digestibility (DM, OM, NDF and ADF) were observed with both grains. The use of yeast in maize and barley-based diets of rabbits has positive effects on growth performance and nutrient digestibility.

scholarly journals 120 Effects of dietary leucine concentration on branched-chain amino acid metabolism in growing pigs

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 65-66
Author(s):  
Woong B Kwon ◽  
Kevin J Touchette ◽  
Aude Simongiovanni ◽  
Kostas Syriopoulos ◽  
Anna Wessels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acid ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Quadratic Effects

Abstract The hypothesis that excess dietary Leu affects growth performance and metabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA) in growing pigs was tested. Forty barrows (30.0 ± 2.7 kg) were placed in metabolism crates and randomly allotted to 5 diets that contained 100, 150, 200, 250, or 300% of the requirement for standardized ileal digestible Leu. Initial and final body weight of pigs and daily feed provisions were recorded. Urine and fecal samples were collected for 5 d to measure N balance and biological value of diets. At the conclusion of the experiment, blood, brain, liver, and muscle samples were collected and average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and gain to feed ratio (G:F) were calculated. Orthogonal polynomial contrasts were used to determine linear and quadratic effects of increasing Leu in the diets. Results indicated that ADG, ADFI, and G:F decreased (linear, P < 0.05) as dietary Leu increased (Table 1). A trend (linear, P = 0.082) for decreased N retention and decreased (linear, P < 0.05) biological value of protein was also observed. Plasma urea N increased (linear, P < 0.05) and a quadratic reduction (P < 0.05) in plasma serotonin and a linear reduction (P < 0.05) in cerebral serotonin were observed with increasing dietary Leu. Concentrations of BCAA in liver increased (linear, P < 0.001), concentrations of BCAA in muscle decreased (linear, P < 0.05), concentration of α-keto-isovalerate was reduced (linear and quadratic, P < 0.001) in liver, muscle, and serum, and α-keto-β-methylvalerate was reduced (linear and quadratic, P < 0.001) in muscle and serum, whereas α-keto-isocaproate increased (linear, P < 0.05) in liver and muscle, and in serum (linear and quadratic, P < 0.001) with increasing dietary Leu. In conclusion, excess dietary Leu reduced growth performance and cerebral serotonin and tended to reduce protein synthesis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an active live yeast (Levucell Saccharomyces cerevisiae, CNCM l-1077) on receiving and backgrounding period growth performance and efficiency of dietary net energy utilization in low health risk beef steers1

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary K Smith ◽  
Kip Karges ◽  
Angel Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Live Yeast

Abstract The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the influence of an active live yeast direct-fed microbial (DFM) product on receiving and backgrounding period growth performance and efficiency of dietary net energy (NE) utilization in low health risk beef steers. Maine-Anjou × Angus steers (n = 199; body weight [BW] = 252 ± 32.1 kg) were received from two sources at the Ruminant Nutrition Center in Brookings, SD, in November 2019 and used in a 77-d feedlot receiving and backgrounding experiment. Steers were provided access to long-stem hay and ad libitum water upon arrival. Steers were weighed, vaccinated for respiratory pathogens (source 2 only): infectious bovine rhinotracheitis, bovine viral diarrhea types 1 and 2, parainfluenza-3 virus, and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (Bovi-Shield Gold 5, Zoetis, Parsippany, NJ) vaccinated for clostridial species (Ultrabac 7/Somubac, Zoetis) and pour-on moxidectin (Cydectin, Bayer, Shawnee Mission, KS). Steers (n = 176 steers; initial unshrunk BW = 235 ± 27.6 kg) were allotted to pens (n = 20 pens; 10 pens per treatment; eight or nine steers per pen). Diets were based upon corn silage, dry-rolled corn, and dried distillers grains; dietary treatments were 1) no DFM (CON) and 2) DFM (Levucell SC, Advantage Titan, CNCM l-1077), fed at 10 g/steer/d providing 8 × 109 CFU of active live yeast to each steer daily (DFM). Initial BW was the average of day −1 and day 1 BW (n = 176 steers; initial BW = 253 ± 27.6 kg). On day 21, steers received a 200-mg progesterone and 20-mg estradiol benzoate implant. Data were analyzed from day 1 to 47 (receiving period), day 48 to 77, and from day 1 to 77 as a randomized complete block design; pen served as the experimental unit for all analyses. On day 47 of the experiment, DFM had greater BW (P = 0.01) by 0.9% and average daily gain (ADG; P = 0.01) by 4.2% and gain-to-feed ratio (G:F) tended (P = 0.13) to be 2.8% greater. Day 77 BW did not differ (P = 0.60), cumulative (days 1–77): ADG (P = 0.47), dry matter intake (P = 0.66), and G:F (P = 0.56) were similar. Yeast inclusion had no appreciable influence on performance-based dietary NE utilization or the ratio of observed/expected dietary NE (P ≥ 0.59). In low health risk steers, DFM improved performance during the feedlot receiving period. However, no improvements for DFM were detected for cumulative performance from day 1 to 77. The confirmation of yeast counts indicated the CFU to be above the expected level at the start of the trial but was found below expected level at the end of the trial. This may explain differences during the initial 47 d compared to cumulative growth performance results.

scholarly journals Use of barley or corn silage when fed with barley, corn, or a blend of barley and corn on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan A Johnson ◽  
Brittney D Sutherland ◽  
John J McKinnon ◽  
Tim A McAllister ◽  
Gregory B Penner
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Finishing Beef Cattle

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the source of silage, cereal grain, and their interaction on growth performance, digestibility, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle. Using a completely randomized design within an 89-d finishing study, 288 steers were randomly assigned to 1 of 24 pens (12 steers/pen) with average steer body weight (BW) within a pen of 464 kg ± 1.7 kg (mean ± SD). Diets were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with corn silage (CS) or barley silage (BS) included at 8% (dry matter [DM] basis). Within each silage source, diets contained dry-rolled barley grain (BG; 86% of DM), dry-rolled corn grain (CG; 85% of DM), or an equal blend of BG and CG (BCG; 85% of DM). Total tract digestibility of nutrients was estimated from fecal samples using near-infrared spectroscopy. Data were analyzed with pen as the experimental unit using the Mixed Model of SAS with the fixed effects of silage, grain, and the two-way interaction. Carcass and fecal kernel data were analyzed using GLIMMIX utilizing the same model. There were no interactions detected between silage and grain source. Feeding CG increased (P &lt; 0.01) DM intake by 0.8 and 0.6 kg/d relative to BG and BCG, respectively. Gain-to-feed ratio was greater (P = 0.04) for BG (0.172 kg/kg) than CG (0.162 kg/kg) but did not differ from BCG (0.165 kg/kg). Furthermore, average daily gain (2.07 kg/d) and final body weight did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.25). Hot carcass weight (HCW) was 6.2 kg greater (372.2 vs. 366.0 kg; P &lt; 0.01) and dressing percentage was 0.57 percentage units greater (59.53 vs. 58.96 %; P = 0.04) for steers fed CS than BS, respectively. There was no effect of dietary treatment on the severity of liver abscesses (P ≥ 0.20) with 72.0% of carcasses having clear livers, 24.4% with minor liver abscesses, and 3.6% with severe liver abscesses. Digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and starch were greater for BG (P &lt; 0.01) than CG or BCG. As expected, grain source affected the appearance of grain kernels in the feces (P ≤ 0.04). Feeding CS silage increased the appearance of fractured corn kernels (P = 0.04), while feeding BS increased fiber appearance in the feces (P = 0.02). Current results indicate that when dry rolled, feeding BG resulted in improved performance and digestibility compared with CG and BCG. Even at low inclusion levels (8% of DM), CS resulted in improved carcass characteristics relative to BS.

scholarly journals PSXIV-17 Effects of corn bran plus solubles and corn oil on growth performance and carcass traits of finishing bulls

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 436-437
Author(s):  
Arquimedes Lima Junior ◽  
Murillo A Meschiatti ◽  
Vinicius N Gouvêa ◽  
Victor Dantas ◽  
Daniel Silva Antonelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Finishing Diets

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance and carcass traits of finishing bulls fed diets containing, on dietary dry matter basis, different levels of corn wet distillers bran plus solubles (WDBS; 0, 15, 30 or 45%) added with or without corn oil (CO; 0 and 3%). A total of 205 Nellore bulls (390 ± 25 kg initial BW) were blocked by initial body weight, distributed in 40 pens and pens within weight block were randomly assigned to treatments in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. Diets were isonitrogenous and contained 8.5% sugarcane bagasse and 91.5% concentrate (ground corn, soybean meal, pelleted citrus pulp, urea, mineral). The WDBS (FlexyDDG®) and the corn oil were from SJC Bioenergia (Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil). Data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS. An interaction between CO × WDBS levels was observed for dry matter intake (DMI; P = 0.032). In diets without CO, increasing levels of WDBS linearly (P = 0.004) reduced the DMI, but in diets containing 3% CO, increasing levels of WDBS quadraticaly affected the DMI (P = 0.002). No effects of CO, WDBSF levels or CO × WDBS levels were observed for final body weight, average daily gain, hot carcass weight and dressing percentage. Feed efficiency tended (P = 0.07) to be greater for bulls fed diets containing CO (0.154 vs. 0.144). Increasing levels of WDBS tended (P = 0.09) to increase the feed efficiency. In summary, increasing levels of WDBS in finishing diets linearly (in diets without CO) or quadratically (in diets with CO) reduces the dry matter intake. Adding CO and WDBS tend to increase feed efficiency.

scholarly journals 340 Impact of essential oils blend on beef cattle performance and carcass characteristics in diets with increasing corn silage inclusions

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 138-139
Author(s):  
Hannah C Wilson ◽  
Henry Hilscher ◽  
Zachary E Carlson ◽  
Bradley M Boyd ◽  
Andrea K Watson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract A feedlot study was conducted comparing a natural feed additive (essential oils blend) at varying silage inclusions on receiving and finishing performance. The study utilized 480 crossbred steers (initial shrunk BW 296 kg ± 7.72 kg) in 48 pens with 10 steers/pen and 8 pens per treatment. Treatments were designed as a 2 × 3 factorial with 3 inclusions of corn silage [14, 47, 80 %; dry matter (DM) basis] with or without (+, -) the inclusion of an essential oils (EO) blend. All treatment diets contained 16% modified distillers grains plus solubles and 4% supplement with dry-rolled corn replacing corn silage (CS) on a DM basis. Steers were fed at 80% CS inclusion and adapted to 47% and 14% CS over a 10 and 24-d period, respectively. Cattle fed 80% CS were fed for 238 days, 47% CS for 195 days, and 14% CS were fed for 168 days to a common backfat of 1.28 cm (P > 0.59). There were no interactions for corn silage inclusion and the inclusion of essential oils on final body weight (FBW), dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), gain to feed ratio (G:F), hot carcass weight (HCW), longissimus muscle (LM) area, marbling, or calculated yield grade (CYG; P > 0.15). There was no significant difference for FBW, DMI, ADG, G:F, HCW, LM area, marbling, or CYG for cattle fed EO or no EO. However, there was a quadratic response for FBW, ADG, G:F, HCW, marbling and CYG with increased inclusion of corn silage (P < 0.04). Feeding corn silage at greater inclusions decreased animal performance but increased final body weight when fed to an equal fatness. Essential oils did not affect animal performance or carcass characteristics. However, feeding greater amounts of corn silage can be an economical way to finish cattle.

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