Control of Mosquito Larvae in Rice Fields with Water-Soluble Phosphorus Insecticides1

1955 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 665-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Gahan ◽  
John R. Noe
Keyword(s):  
Rice Fields ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Soluble Phosphorus

Nitrogen enrichment of animal bone-derived biochars as an agricultural NP-fertilizer 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Soja ◽  
Dominik Tauber ◽  
Jan Höllrigl ◽  
Andrea Mayer ◽  
Christoph Pfeifer
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Colorimetric Determination ◽  
Animal Bone ◽  
Soluble Phosphorus ◽  
Sorption Potential ◽  
P Supply ◽  
Np Fertilizer

<p>Food processing creates many by-products, and not all of them are used efficiently. Especially animal-based side products are frequently considered as waste with costly disposal requirements. For recycling of the nutrients contained in these residues, also under consideration of the hygienic specifications, pyrolysis can be used to create animal bone-based biochars. A lab-scale pyrolysis reactor (Pyreka 3.0) was used to produce biochars from different bone fractions of cattle and pigs after these bones had originated as waste from abbatoir operations. This study had the objective to investigate the potential of the bone chars to serve as a phosphorus (P) supply for agricultural purposes and to study the ammonium sorption potential of these chars.</p><p>The total phosphorus content of bones reached up to 140 mg/g. The water-soluble phosphorus content was in the range of 0.16 – 0.93 mg/g, an increase in pyrolysis temperature from 350 °C to 500 °C or 650 °C increased the water-soluble content by 13.3 or 12.2 % respectively. The citric acid soluble phosphorus content was between 1.75 – 2.19 mg/g. After pyrolysis temperatures of 350 °C, slightly more phosphorus dissolved in the coal products than at 500 °C (+2.7 %) and at 650 °C (+5.5 %).</p><p>The ammonium sorption capacity of biochars produced by varying pyrolytic processes was investigated by a series of sorption experiments. The removal of ammonium by the biochars from an aqueous ammonium solution was measured by using colorimetric determination of the ammonium content. The maximum ammonium sorption results were achieved by biochars produced from bovine heads and feet respectively at a temperature of 900°C and activated with H<sub>2</sub>O.</p><p>When exposed to a solution containing 50 mg/L of ammonium, these biochars adsorbed 1.23 and 1.14 mg ammonium/g biochar, respectively. The possibility to enrich abattoir waste biochars, which are depleted in nitrogen because of the pyrolysis process, with ammonium gained from a nitrogen-enriched biogas slurry produced from animal residues of the meat production process was tested using a substitute slurry made with ammonium sulfate. The highest absorbance rate using the substitute slurry containing 10 g/L ammonium was achieved by biochar made from bovine heads and resulted in 43.1 mg ammonium/g biochar.</p><p>This study shows that bone-based biochars enriched with nitrogen from e.g. biogas digestates have significant potential as an NP-fertilizer that supports the strategies of circular economy.</p>

PHOSPHORUS AND POTASSIUM SUPPLY FOR ALFALFA IN SOILS SAMPLED AT DIFFERENT DEPTHS

1957 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Halstead ◽  
K. F. Nielsen ◽  
A. J. MacLean
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Organic Form ◽  
Pronounced Difference ◽  
Soluble Phosphorus ◽  
Potassium Supply ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Phosphorus And Potassium ◽  
Depth Water

Results of a greenhouse experiment, comprising soil samples taken at three depths from each of six locations in eastern Ontario, indicated that the phosphorus-supplying power of the surface was considerably greater than that of the corresponding subsurface samples of four of the soils. The relative amounts of total phosphorus in surface and subsurface samples varied with the soils, the most pronounced variation being an increase in a sandy soil with depth. The proportion of the total phosphorus found in organic form varied from 18 to 56 per cent in the surface and from 5 to 33 per cent in the subsurface samples. The amounts of acid-soluble phosphorus extracted from five of the soils increased with depth. The amounts of NaHCO3-soluble phosphorus were higher in the surface than in the subsurface samples of five of the soils. The values for acid-soluble phosphorus in five of the soils and for NaHC03-soluble phosphorus in three of the soils were not in agreement with greenhouse results.The data from the greenhouse experiment did not indicate a pronounced difference between the potassium-supplying powers of corresponding surface and subsurface samples. Exchangeable potassium did not vary appreciably between surface and subsurface samples of four of the soils but decreased in two of the soils with depth. Water-soluble potassium decreased with depth in most instances.

scholarly journals Justification of elements of rice cultivation technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 01006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadezhda Malysheva ◽  
Anna Khadzhidi ◽  
Evgeny Kuznetsov ◽  
Noureldin Sharaby ◽  
Alexander Koltsov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Rice Fields ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Rice Crop ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Rice Productivity ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the research is to identify the impact of sprinkler irrigation in rice crop rotation on rice productivity and soil fertility of irrigated lands of the Krasnodar region. To achieve this goal, the tasks of studying the density of weed seedlings after sprinkler irrigation, the content of water-soluble salts and humus in the soil of rice fields, and the reaction of an intensive variety of rice cultivated after irrigation and drainage techniques in rice fields were completed. Material and methods. Field studies were carried out on the Kuban irrigation system of the Krasnodar territory, which is the most typical in terms of soil conditions for the western climatic zone of the region, with various variants for sprinkler irrigation after major planning of basins. An intensive of Rapan rice variety was used. The methods of the Federal Research Center for Rice, the Kuban State Agrarian University, and Russian standards were applied. Conclusions, the obtained results of the conducted studies prove the effectiveness of sprinkler irrigation in rice crop rotation, increase soil fertility, rice productivity, and contribute to the production of environmentally friendly products without herbicides treatment.

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