Behavioral Response and Virus Vector Ability of Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae) Probing on Pepper Plants Treated with Aphicides

This study aimed to determine the percentage infestation and population parameters of the green peach aphid Myzus persicae under laboratory conditions and evaluate the effect of aqueous extracts of three different plants (pot marigold: Calendula officinalis, mint: Mentha viridis and rosemary: Salvia rosmarinus) on the mortality of this aphid. Extracts of these plants were used at three concentrations (C1 = 15%, C2 = 30% and C2 = 45%). Results indicate a percentage infestation of 76.9 ± 9.4%, a mean relative growth rate of 0.062 ± 0.007 and generation time of 11.12 ± 1.42 days. All treatments reduced the numbers of aphids and statistically significantly reduced the number (α < 0.01) recorded after treatment with C1, C2 and C3 of each extract. C. officinalis extract was more effective than those of M. viridis and S. rosmarinus. The highest mortality (69.82 ± 5.23%) and efficacy (61.71 ± 4.46%) were recorded for the C3 of aqueous extract of C. officinalis, whereas the lowest mortality (38.24 ± 2.42%) and efficacy (32.41 ± 1.23%) were recorded for the C1 of extract of M. viridis. The data provided indicate that aqueous extracts of C. officinalis, M. viridis and S. rosmarinus have an insecticidal effect on M. persicae and can be integrated into a pest management strategy to reduce M. persicae abundance on pepper plants.

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Establishment of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana as an endophyte in Capsicum annuum and its effects on the aphid pest Myzus persicae (Homoptera: Aphididae)

Revista de Biología Tropical ◽

10.15517/rbt.v68i4.41218 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Natalia Allegrucci ◽

María Silvana Velazquez ◽

María Leticia Russo ◽

María Florencia Vianna ◽

Camila Abarca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Beauveria Bassiana ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Insect Pests ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Feeding Preference ◽

Inoculation Techniques ◽

Wide Range ◽

Colonization Frequency ◽

And Control ◽

Pepper Plants

Introduction: Entomopathogenic fungi have been used as biological control agents of insect pests and have demonstrated a promising ability to colonize as endophytes a wide range of plant species. Objective: The aims of this study were to evaluate, in pepper plants, the most effective Beauveria bassiana inoculation techniques. In order to evaluate the presence of natural endophytes and its interaction with B. bassiana. Also to assess the effect of B. bassiana on the aphid Myzus persicae pepper leaf feeding preference and growth. Methods: Three inoculation techniques were evaluated: leaf spraying, seed immersion and root dipping. The pepper plants were inoculated with a conidia suspension adjusted to 1×108 conidia/ml. The presence of B. bassiana in the seedlings was evaluated at 7, 15 and 28 days after inoculation. Results: We found significant statistical differences between inoculation techniques. Foliar spraying showed the highest B. bassiana colonization frequency. The natural endophytes presented higher presence in the treatments in which B. bassiana had a low presence. This might indicate the occurrence of antifungal activity that interferes with the establishment of the entomopathogen in pepper tissues. We did not find statistical differences between inoculated and control pepper leaves with regard to the mortality and reproduction of the aphid pest M. persicae. However, the inoculation with B. bassiana showed a tendency to increase the mortality of adults and to decrease the offspring (nymphs). We did not find significant differences in the feeding preference between inoculated and control leaves, although there was a higher number of individuals on control leaves compared to those inoculated. Conclusions: The strain B. bassiana LPSC 1067 was established effectively as an endophyte in the pepper tissues. The most effective inoculation technique was leaf spraying. We did not find differences of statistical significance with regard to the mortality and reproduction of the aphid pest M. persicae. However, the inoculation with B. bassiana showed a tendency to increase the mortality of adults and to decrease the offspring (nymphs). Future studies evaluating the indirect effects of endophytic entomopathogens on both plants and herbivorous insects are needed to further explore their potential use in the management of insect pests.

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Biological Studies on Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae Infesting Cucumber and Pepper Plants in The Greenhouses دراسات بیولوجیة على حشرة من القطن Aphis Gossypii وحشرة من الخوخ الأخضر Myzus persicae التی تصیب نباتات الخیار وشجیرات الفلفل فی الصوب

Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology ◽

10.21608/jppp.2020.111728 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 309-313

Author(s):

Nehal Swelam

Keyword(s):

Myzus Persicae ◽

Aphis Gossypii ◽

Biological Studies ◽

Pepper Plants

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STUDY OF THE USE OF MAIZE AS BARRIER CROP IN CHILI TO CONTROL Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) POPULATION (STUDI PEMANFAATAN JAGUNG SEBAGAI TANAMAN PEMBATAS UNTUK MENGENDALIKAN POPULASI Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) PADA TANAMAN CABAI)

Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia ◽

10.22146/jpti.17731 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 79

Author(s):

Yogi Puspo Friarini ◽

Witjaksono Witjaksono ◽

Suputa Suputa

Keyword(s):

Bemisia Tabaci ◽

Virus Vector ◽

Yellow Virus ◽

Cropping Seasons ◽

Pepper Plants

This study was conducted to determine the effect of maize as barrier crop to prevent the spread of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius), the yellow virus vector in pepper farming. The research was conducted in the field at Pakem, Sleman, during two cropping seasons from October 2014 to February 2015 as first planting period and in April to August 2015 as second planting period. The escalation of B. tabaci (Gennadius) populations was directly correlated with virus yellow peppers increment. The result indicated that planting barrier was effective in reducing the spread of B. tabaci (Gennadius) in pepper plants. The population of B. tabaci (Gennadius) in plots with pepper surrounded by maize was lower compared to plots without maize barrier, showed that the yellow virus spreads on pepper can be minimized, and hence the incidence of yellow disease was also decreased.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penanaman jagung sebagai pemberian tanaman pembatas (barrier) untuk mengatasi penyebaran Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) yang merupakan vektor virus kuning pada tanaman cabai. Penelitian dilakukan di lahan pertanaman cabai di Pakem, Sleman. Penelitian dilaksanakan selama dua musim tanam dari bulan Oktober 2014 sampai dengan bulan Februari 2015 pada periode tanam I dan bulan April 2015 sampai dengan bulan Agustus 2015 pada periode tanam II. Meningkatnya populasi B. tabaci (Gennadius) berbanding lurus dengan meningkatnya virus kuning pada cabai. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penanaman tanaman pembatas (barrier) cukup efektif mengurangi penyebaran B. tabaci (Gennadius) pada ke dalam petak tanaman cabai. Populasi B. tabaci (Gennadius) pada petak tanaman cabai yang dikelilingi tanaman jagung lebih rendah jika dibanding dengan petak tanaman cabai yang tidak dikelililing tanaman jagung, sehingga secara tidak langsung penyebaran virus kuning pada cabai dapat diminimalisir.

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Specific and Spillover Effects on Vectors Following Infection of Two RNA Viruses in Pepper Plants

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects11090602 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (9) ◽

pp. 602

Author(s):

Saurabh Gautam ◽

Habibu Mugerwa ◽

Sivamani Sundaraj ◽

Kiran R. Gadhave ◽

John F. Murphy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Virus Infection ◽

Mixed Infection ◽

Myzus Persicae ◽

Driving Forces ◽

Spillover Effects ◽

Plant Viruses ◽

Single Infection ◽

Frankliniella Fusca ◽

Mixed Virus Infection ◽

Pepper Plants

Mixed infection of plant viruses is ubiquitous in nature and can affect virus–plant–vector interactions differently than single virus infection. While several studies have examined virus–virus interactions involving mixed virus infection, relatively few have examined effects of mixed virus infection on vector preference and fitness, especially when multiple vectors are involved. This study explored how single and mixed viral infection of a non-persistently transmitted cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) and propagative and persistently-transmitted tomato spotted wilt orthotospovirus (TSWV) in pepper, Capsicum annum L., influenced the preference and fitness of their vectors, the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), and the tobacco thrips, Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), respectively. In general, mixed infected plants exhibited severe symptoms compared with individually infected plants. An antagonistic interaction between the two viruses was observed when CMV titer was reduced following mixed infection with TSWV in comparison with the single infection. TSWV titer did not differ between single and mixed infection. Myzus persicae settling preference and median developmental were not significantly different between CMV and/or TSWV-infected and non-infected plants. Moreover, M. persicae fecundity did not differ between CMV-infected and non-infected pepper plants. However, M. persicae fecundity was substantially greater on TSWV-infected plants than non-infected plants. Myzus persicae fecundity on mixed-infected plants was significantly lower than on singly-infected and non-infected plants. Frankliniella fusca fecundity was higher on CMV and/or TSWV-infected pepper plants than non-infected pepper plants. Furthermore, F. fusca-induced feeding damage was higher on TSWV-infected than on CMV-infected, mixed-infected, or non-infected pepper plants. Overall, our results indicate that the effects of mixed virus infection on vectors were not different from those observed following single virus infection. Virus-induced host phenotype-modulated effects were realized on both specific and non-specific vectors, suggesting crosstalk involving all vectors and viruses in this pathosystem. The driving forces of these interactions need to be further examined. The effects of interactions between two viruses and two vectors towards epidemics of one or both viruses also need to be examined.

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