Euschistus heros (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Fitness on Artificial Diets: An Approach to Optimize Mass Rearing of Telenomus podisi (Hymenoptera: Platygastridae) for Augmentative Biological Control

Maximizing the reproductive potential of ladybird beetles fed factitious foods or artificial diets, in lieu of natural prey, is a major challenge to cost-effective mass rearing for augmentative biological control. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that compounds in redcedar, Juniperus virginiana, stimulate oviposition in the ladybird Coleomegilla maculata. We also tested the prediction that several bioflavonoids, identified in heartwood fractions, elicited this behavioral response. Phenolic compounds were extracted from J. virginiana heartwood sawdust, separated into several fractions, then presented to adult beetles, in a powdered, pure form, in the laboratory. Females preferentially oviposited within 1 to 2 cm of fractions B, C, D, and E, but not A or the unfractionated extract, at the base of test cages. Chemical analysis identified bioflavonoids in heartwood fractions and subsequent bioassays using several identified in fractions C, D, and E confirmed that quercetin, taxifolin, and naringenin (to a lesser extent) stimulated oviposition. All tested fractions and bioflavonoids readily adhered to the chorion of freshly laid eggs but did not reduce egg hatch. This study demonstrates that several bioflavonoids stimulate oviposition by C. maculata and could be useful for mass rearing programs.

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Euschistus heros mass rearing technique for the multiplication of Telenomus podisi

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2008000500004 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 43 (5) ◽

pp. 575-580 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Cleonor Cavalcante Silva ◽

Raul Alberto Laumann ◽

Maria Carolina Blassioli ◽

Martin Pareja ◽

Miguel Borges

Keyword(s):

Petri Dish ◽

Mass Rearing ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Immature Stages ◽

Improve Quality ◽

Soybean Field ◽

Euschistus Heros ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Telenomus Podisi

The objective of this work was to improve the mass rearing technique of Euschistus heros in laboratory. Nymphs and adults were reared at densities 100, 200, 300 and 400 eggs per Petri dish (9 cm diameter), and at 50, 100, 150 and 200 couples per rearing cages (900 mL), respectively. Survival rate of immature stages and survivorship and reproduction of adults were determinated. Survivorship of nymph to adult was the highest (89%) at density 100 eggs per dish. Adult survivorship was independent of density, and 100 couples per cage were the best to improve quality of the produced progeny. In these conditions, fecundity was 160.8±9.28 eggs per female, and a total of 8,950±456 eggs per cage per month was produced. Two hundred couples per cage showed a negative effect on reproduction, which decreased to 65%. With this technique, a colony of 35 cages with 100 couples per cage yields about 313.3 thousands eggs per month, which is enough to supply the egg parasitoid Telenomus podisi to colonize about 35 ha of soybean field.

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Integrative taxonomy and phylogeography of Telenomus remus (Scelionidae), with the first record of natural parasitism of Spodoptera spp. in Brazil

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-93510-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ana P. G. S. Wengrat ◽

Aloisio Coelho Junior ◽

Jose R. P. Parra ◽

Tamara A. Takahashi ◽

Luis A. Foerster ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

First Record ◽

Mass Rearing ◽

Classical Biological Control ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Integrative Approach ◽

Agricultural Pests ◽

Telenomus Remus ◽

Natural Parasitism

AbstractThe egg parasitoid Telenomus remus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) has been investigated for classical and applied biological control of noctuid pests, especially Spodoptera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) species. Although T. remus was introduced into Brazil over three decades ago for classical biological control of S. frugiperda, this wasp has not been recorded as established in corn or soybean crops. We used an integrative approach to identify T. remus, combining a taxonomic key based on the male genitalia with DNA barcoding, using a cytochrome c oxidase subunit I mitochondrial gene fragment. This is the first report of natural parasitism of T. remus on S. frugiperda and S. cosmioides eggs at two locations in Brazil. We also confirmed that the T. remus lineage in Brazil derives from a strain in Venezuela (originally from Papua New Guinea and introduced into the Americas, Africa, and Asia). The occurrence of T. remus parasitizing S. frugiperda and S. cosmioides eggs in field conditions, not associated with inundative releases, suggests that the species has managed to establish itself in the field in Brazil. This opens possibilities for future biological control programs, since T. remus shows good potential for mass rearing and egg parasitism of important agricultural pests such as Spodoptera species.

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Natural parasitism of Hexacladia smithii Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) on Euschistus heros (F.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae): new record from Mato Grosso State, Brazil

Arquivos do Instituto Biológico ◽

10.1590/1808-1657000852013 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 82 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Leonardo Morais Turchen ◽

Vanessa Golin ◽

Bruna Magda Favetti ◽

Alessandra Regina Butnariu ◽

Valmir Antônio Costa

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

New Record ◽

Insect Pest ◽

First Record ◽

Insect Control ◽

Conventional System ◽

Mato Grosso ◽

Random Samples ◽

Euschistus Heros ◽

Natural Parasitism

The neotropical stink brown bug, Euschistus heros (F.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), is an insect pest to soybean crops in Mato Grosso State, Brazil. In this region, synthetic insecticides are frequently used for insect control. An alternative to the indiscriminate use of insecticides is the biological control with parasitoids. Thus, the objective of this study was to conduct the survey of parasitoids that use E. heros adults as hosts. Random samples were conducted during the harvests of 2009/10 and 2010/11 in two farms that produce soybean (conventional system) in Tangará da Serra, Mato Grosso State, Brazil. The total number of collected E. heros was: 297 (Field 1) and 293 (Field 2) in 2009/10 and 295 (Field 1) and 376 (Field 2) in 2010/11. Of these, 1.50 (Field 1) and 13.99% (Field 2) were parasitized in 2009/10 and 8.47 (Field 1) and 7.45% (Field 2) in 2010/11. The parasitoids found were Hexacladia smithii Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) in both fields. This is the first record of parasitism in E. heros adults in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil.

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Attraction of Telenomus podisi to volatiles induced by Euschistus heros in three different plant species

Arthropod-Plant Interactions ◽

10.1007/s11829-016-9453-9 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 419-428 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Aline Moreira Dias ◽

Martín Pareja ◽

Maycon Laia ◽

Maria Carolina Blassioli-Moraes ◽

Miguel Borges ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Species ◽

Euschistus Heros ◽

Telenomus Podisi

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Mass Rearing of Pseudophilothrips ichini (Thysanoptera: Phlaeothripidae), an Approved Biological Control Agent for Brazilian Peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolius (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae)

Florida Entomologist ◽

10.1653/0015-4040(2008)91[338:mropit]2.0.co;2 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 91 (2) ◽

pp. 338-340 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. P. Cuda ◽

J. L. Gillmore ◽

J. C. Medal ◽

J. H. Pedrosa-Macedo

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Biological Control Agent ◽

Mass Rearing ◽

Control Agent ◽

Schinus Terebinthifolius

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Selectivity of pesticides registered for soybean crop on Telenomus podisi and Trissolcus basalis

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632018v4850348 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 52-58 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ronaldo Zantedeschi ◽

Anderson Dionei Grützmacher ◽

Juliano de Bastos Pazini ◽

Flávio Amaral Bueno ◽

Larissa Longaray Machado

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Stink Bug ◽

Trissolcus Basalis ◽

Glufosinate Ammonium ◽

Soybean Crop ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Telenomus Podisi ◽

Laboratory Bioassays

ABSTRACT The use of pesticides in the soybean crop may impair the biological control, if the products are not selective to Telenomus podisi and Trissolcus basalis, which are important stink bug egg parasitoids. This study aimed to assess the selectivity of 15 pesticides registered for soybean crop on adults of T. podisi and T. basalis. Three laboratory bioassays were performed, totaling 18 treatments, in a completely randomized design, with four replications. The insecticides (g or mL of a.i.) imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin (0.25 + 0.03), deltamethrin (0.06), thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin (0.27 + 0.35), acephate (1.87) and fenitrothion (1.25) are harmful to both parasitoids species. Flubendiamide (1.20), diflubenzuron (2.00), Bacillus thuringiensis (0.08) and lufenuron (0.12) are innocuous to both parasitoids. The fungicides azoxystrobin + flutriafol (0.31 + 0.31), trifloxystrobin + prothioconazole (0.37 + 0.44), pyraclostrobin + metconazole (0.33 + 0.12) and trifloxystrobin + cyproconazole (0.94 + 0.40) are innocuous to T. podisi, but slightly harmful to T. basalis. The herbicides glufosinate ammonium salt (0.50) and glyphosate isopropylamine salt (1.20) are innocuous to both parasitoids.

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