Freedom of Transit and the Principles of Effective Right and Economic Cooperation: Can Systemic Interpretation of GATT Article V Promote Energy Security and the Development of an International Gas Market?

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Pogoretskyy
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Gas Market

Regional cooperation towards trans‐country natural gas market

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R. Shukla ◽  
Subash Dhar
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Local Environment ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Energy System Model ◽  
Positive Externalities ◽  
Term Energy ◽  
Gas Market

PurposeIndia began gas imports since 2004 through liquified natural gas (LNG) route. Imports through trans‐country gas pipelines could help in bringing gas directly into the densely populated Northern part of India, which are far from domestic gas resources as well as coastal LNG terminals. The purpose of this paper is to report scenarios, which quantify the impacts for India of regional cooperation to materialize trans‐country pipelines. The analysis covers time period from 2005 to 2030.Design/methodology/approachThe long‐term energy system model ANSWER‐MARKAL is used for the analysis.FindingsTrans‐country pipelines could deliver direct economic benefit of US$310 billion for the period 2010‐2030. Besides these, there are positive externalities in terms of lower greenhouse gas emissions and improved local environment, and enhanced energy security. However, the benefits are sensitive to global gas prices as higher gas prices would reduce the demand for gas and also the positive externalities from using gas.Practical implicationsTrans‐country pipelines are of great importance to India as they add 0.4 per cent to gross domestic product over the period besides yielding positive environmental externalities and improved energy security.Originality/valueQuantification of benefits from trans‐country pipeline proposals till 2030.

scholarly journals Structural Transformations of the European Natural Gas Market in the Context of Energy Security

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (504) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
V. V. Mukhin ◽  
◽  
U. Y. Pysmenna ◽  
O. O. Lapko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Structural Transformations ◽  
Natural Gas Market ◽  
Gas Market

The WTO Panel Report in EU–Energy Package and Its Implications for the EU's Gas Market and Energy Security

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 531-549
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Pogoretskyy ◽  
Kim Talus
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Regulatory Regime ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Appellate Body ◽  
Energy Trade ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
Wto Appellate Body ◽  
Energy Package

AbstractThis article discusses the decision of the Panel of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in the EU–Energy Package dispute between the Russian Federation and the European Union (EU) and certain of its Members. This decision is an important milestone in the history of the WTO. First, it presents a good example of how international economic disputes concerning politically sensitive matters, such as energy security, may be resolved in a pragmatic way, by adhering to multilateral trade rules of the WTO. Second, as the first WTO decision to address a Member's regulatory regime for natural gas, it reminds the WTO community that energy trade is not an alien subject for the WTO. In this article, we discuss some of the Panel's findings that may have significance for other similar cases, and examine the implications of these findings for the EU's internal gas market and energy security. The Panel's decision is currently under appeal with a ruling by the WTO Appellate Body not expected before the end of 2019. Hence, the outcome of this dispute remains uncertain.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF NATIONAL ENERGY MARKETS REGULATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION PROCESSES

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-174
Author(s):  
V. S. Davtyan ◽  
Yu. V. Vertakova ◽  
V. A. Plotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Mutual Influence ◽  
World Order ◽  
Energy Markets ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Energy Integration ◽  
International Integration ◽  
Gas Market

The study aims to analyze the processes of international integration of energy markets, systematize the measures for regulatory activities in modern geopolitical conditions. The study was carried out in the course of fulfilling the state task of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation No 26.3546.2017 / PCh “Development of the Fundamentals of Analysing and Forecasting Structural and Dynamic Parameters of the Regional Economy on the Basis of Integration of Russian and World Experience of Managing Territorial Development and Modern Scientific Doctrines”. Goal and Objectives. To assess the state of the energy markets and the direction of integration processes in the energy markets, to systematize the legal foundations of energy integration in the Eurasian space, to formulate the main stages and approaches to the formation of a common gas market, to consider Armenia's experience and prospects in integration processes. Methodology. The methods of statistical, logical and system analysis are used in the work to estimate the consequences of energy integration for the EEA countries. Based on the analysis of the empirical data on the energy balances of the countries and the forecast gas balance of the Eurasian Economic Union, the directions for improving energy security are substantiated. Results.The modern world is becoming increasingly globalized and interdependent. This, along with the aggravation of political and economic rivalry associated with the gradual ‘erosion’ of the model of a unipolar world order, creates new risks for the sustainable socio-economic development of individual countries. International economic integration which allows to join the economic potentials of individual countries and, on this basis, increase their protection against risks and threats in various spheres is an instrument of neutralizing these risks. The article considers the mechanisms of mutual influence of integration processes and ensuring national energy security with the main emphasis on the formation and development of the gas market of integration groups. The article analyzes the experience of the EU and the EEU in creating uniform rules for the regulation of energy and gas markets, identifies typical problems and ways to resolve them. Measures that contribute to increasing the speed and intensity of integration processes, based on taking into account national economic interests are proposed. Conclusions. At present, effective provision of energy security for states can not be carried out outside the framework of integration processes. Cooperation within the framework of supranational integration projects form additional conditions for the development of national energy systems and increase the level of its competitiveness. At the same time, ‘gains’ from energy integration for different countries are not equivalent.

scholarly journals The V4’s Gas Market transition towards the EU’s Energy Security

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-218
Author(s):  
Katarína Sárvári
Keyword(s):  
Energy Security ◽  
Market Transition ◽  
Market Model ◽  
Spot Markets ◽  
Supply Contracts ◽  
Gas Market ◽  
Returns On Investment ◽  
Gas Supply ◽  
The Eu

Current development of the European gas market uncovers several new opportunities and challenges for energy security that developed from big changes in production, transit and supply ways of natural gas to Europe. New European gas market model builds on the principles of diversification, the security of supply, interconnectivity and liberalization. Realization of the EU Third Energy Package related to a progressive shift from long-term oil-linked gas supply contracts and development of alternative gas supply sources and lines, as well as the rivalry between already established gas transit lines and the new supply lines present new challenges and require transition for the V4 countries. In this article I studied what are the new changes and challenges of the transition of V4 countries towards the EU’s energy security? To adjust to transition V4 countries should build the new infrastructure on the short-term pricing market and the ways how it will be funded. If V4 countries want to trade gas with the neighbours and transport most of the Russian gas to Europe, they need to invest into reforms of pipelines’ networks or to find other alternatives of diversification in the next decades. Returns on investment on a liberalized market with a multitude of competitors will be manageable but require serious reforms. The V4 countries will have to enter into the spot markets to efficiently trade gas. Available gas hubs in Europe are much smaller, less liquid, and mostly supplied by the same companies as the long-term traded gas hubs. This kind of markets is easy to manipulate. Therefore, it is important for the V4 countries to plan how to coordinate their national energy policies and name EU’s energy targets for the future.

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