Integrative taxonomy of extant maras supports the recognition of the genera Pediolagus and Dolichotis within the Dolichotinae (Rodentia, Caviidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 817-834
Author(s):  
Denise H Campo ◽  
Diego A Caraballo ◽  
Guillermo H Cassini ◽  
Sergio O Lucero ◽  
Pablo Teta
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Divergence Times ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Living Species ◽  
Morphological Differences

Abstract The subfamily Dolichotinae (Rodentia, Caviidae) includes two living species (Dolichotis patagonum and D. salinicola) of cursorial, long-legged rodents that inhabit semiarid thorn scrubs and shrublands in southern South America. Some authors consider that the morphological differences between D. patagonum and D. salinicola warrant circumscription of the latter in its own genus, Pediolagus. Based on a phylogeny and divergence times grounded on molecular data, as well as a qualitative and quantitative assessment of morphological differences, the distinction between Dolichotis and Pediolagus is equal to or greater than differences seen for other intergeneric comparisons within Cavioidea. Based on these results, we argue that the taxonomic designations of Dolichotis and Pediolagus should be retained.

Taxonomy of Ctenomys (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) in northwestern Patagonia, Argentina: the occurrence of the “mendocinus” lineage

Mammalia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro N. Tammone ◽  
Ulyses F.J. Pardiñas
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Subterranean Rodents ◽  
Mammalian Fauna ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Monte Desert ◽  
Desert Shrub ◽  
Northern Patagonia ◽  
Northern Portion

Abstract Subterranean rodents Ctenomys are iconic representatives of the mammalian fauna from southern South America. Based on molecular data, eight lineages have been identified within the genus, although species-level identifications and relationships are still debated. Until now, the “magellanicus” clade has been the only lineage mentioned from arid, extra-Andean portions of Patagonia. Here, we report the presence of a Ctenomys population from northern Patagonia that is unambiguously associated with the Central Argentinean “mendocinus” lineage. Most of the 160,000 km2 comprising the northern portion of Patagonia – an area consisting primarily of Monte Desert shrub-land – are inhabited by Ctenomys populations of unknown taxonomy.

The genus Acellomyia González, a new taxonomic arrangement of its species and descriptions of a new genus and two new species from southern South America (Diptera: Tabanidae: Diachlorini)

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4337 (4) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN R. GONZÁLEZ
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Morphological Differences

The tabanid tribe Diachlorini (Diptera) is the most genus-rich tribe in the Tabanidae; the tribe is cosmopolitan, but the greatest species richness and morphological diversity are found in the Australasian and Neotropical Regions. A new arrangement for the species of Acellomyia González is given; Acellomyia lauta (Hine) is transferred to a new genus, Montismyia gen.n., based on its morphological differences from Acellomyia and geographical distribution. The morphological differences between Acellomyia and Montismyia gen. n. are discussed. Two new species, Acellomyia casablanca sp.n. and Acellomyia puyehue sp.n., are described from specimens collected in southern Chile. Comparison of the morphology of Acellomyia paulseni mapuche (Coscarón & Philip) stat.nov. indicate that they should be elevated to species rank. A key to species of Acellomyia is provided and diagnostic characters are illustrated. 

Vindication of Ulota pygmaeothecia (Orthotrichaceae, Bryophyta)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 317 (3) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAURA MUÑOZ-PUELLES ◽  
FRANCISCO LARA ◽  
VICENTE MAZIMPAKA ◽  
RICARDO GARILLETI
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
South American ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative

Ulota pygmaeothecia (Müll.Hal.) Kindb. and Ulota luteola (Hook.f. & Wilson) Wijk & Margad. are two epiphytic mosses from the evergreen Magellanic rainforests of southern South America. Both mosses have been considered as distinct species since their original description, with their specific status retained following the comprehensive review by Nicolajs Malta of South American Ulota (1927). Recently the synonymization of U. pygmaeothecia and U. luteola was proposed (Wang & Jia 2016), based mainly on the similarities stated in the protologues and the study of the available type specimens of U. pygmaeothecia and U. fulvella, as the type materials of U. luteola were lost in the mail. In the present paper, all available type material for names associated with these two taxa, together with additional specimens recently collected, have been studied in depth. As a result, it has been found that both mosses show important sporophytic and gametophytic differences, both qualitative and quantitative, that allow for a precise distinction between them and they are reinstated here as distinct species. The morphological features that best differentiate U. luteola and U. pygmaeothecia are discussed and illustrated with light microscope and SEM pictures. Finally, an updated and detailed description of each species is presented.

scholarly journals New molecular data on subcutaneous Philornis (Diptera: Muscidae) from southern South America suggests the existence of a species complex

2016 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 1383-1386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martín A. Quiroga ◽  
Lucas D. Monje ◽  
Juan P. Arrabal ◽  
Pablo M. Beldomenico
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Southern South America

scholarly journals Geographic variation in quantitative skull traits and systematic of southern populations of the leaf-eared mice of the Phyllotis xanthopygus complex (Cricetidae, Phyllotini) in southern South America

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4446 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
PABLO TETA ◽  
J. PABLO JAYAT ◽  
CECILIA LANZONE ◽  
AGUSTINA OJEDA
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Skull Morphology ◽  
North Central ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Central Argentina ◽  
The North ◽  
West Central ◽  
Neotropical Rodents

The leaf-eared mice of the genus Phyllotis (Cricetidae, Phyllotini) encompasses at least 20 species of medium-sized Neotropical rodents mostly distributed throughout the Andean region. Its limits and contents were reviewed by several authors, based both on morphological and molecular data. However, no integrative approaches were conducted based on large samples of individuals with a wide geographical coverage. The purposes of this paper are: (i) to evaluate species limits; and (ii) to test the congruence between molecular and quantitative morphological evidences within the Phyllotis xanthopygus complex in southern South America. Our results questioned the specific status of P. bonariensis, a geographically isolated form that was either considered as a valid species or as a synonym of P. xanthopygus. Quantitative morphological (size and shape of the skull) and molecular data linked P. bonariensis with populations from central Argentina traditionally referred as P. xanthopygus vaccarum. Individuals belonging to populations from southern Argentina and Chile (P. x. xanthopygus) were remarkably homogeneous in their skull morphology, showing a subtle to non-existent differentiation from those of north-central and west-central Argentina referred to P. x. vaccarum. We found some incongruence between groups inferred from morphological (this work) and mitochondrial DNA results of previous studies. This is the case of the north-central and west-central populations, where morphological traits do not show the strong differentiation detected by molecular characters. Our results highlight the need for integrative taxonomic studies, not only to delimitate taxonomic units but also for a better and more comprehensive understanding of population variability and differentiation. 

A review on the cytogenetics of the tribe Oryzomyini (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae), with the description of new karyotypes

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4876 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-111
Author(s):  
CAMILA DO NASCIMENTO MOREIRA ◽  
KAREN VENTURA ◽  
ALEXANDRE REIS PERCEQUILLO ◽  
YATIYO YONENAGA-YASSUDA
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Diploid Number ◽  
Sex Chromosome ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Southern South America ◽  
Karyotype Variability ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
New Evidence

Oryzomyini represents the most diverse and speciose tribe of subfamily Sigmodontinae, with 29 genera and about 141 species. This great diversity of species is distributed from southeastern North to southern South America. Its systematics have passed through major changes in the last years due to the integration of molecular data with morphological characters in phylogenetic inferences. Unsurprisingly, cytogenetic studies on Oryzomyini reflect such diversity, with chromosome diploid number varying from 2n = 16 to 2n = 88. In addition, some species present autosomal and sex chromosome polymorphisms, besides the presence of B chromosomes. However, despite decades of cytogenetic studies, our knowledge about the karyotype variability in this group were still poorly known. Considering such deep and profound changes on the tribe, along with important new evidence that was continuously being produced associated to field work in several areas of Brazil and South America, we performed a cytogenetic review of the Oryzomyini group. We provide standardized descriptions summarizing all the knowledge associated to the known species of the tribe. We also describe seven new karyotypes for the tribe, Euryoryzomys sp., 2n = 58 and FN = 92; Neacomys sp. 1, 2n = 48 and FN = 54; Neacomys sp. 2, 2n = 54 and FN = 62; Oecomys sp. 1, 2n = 54 and FN = 84; Oecomys sp. 2, 2n = 64 and FN = 92; Oecomys sp. 3, 2n = 84 and FN = 110; and Scolomys sp., 2n = 62 and FN = 80. 

Notes on the molecular taxonomy of the Proclossiana eunomia complex (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae: Argynnini): analysis of DNA barcodes

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 222-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. V. Yakovlev ◽  
N. A. Shapoval ◽  
G. N. Kuftina ◽  
A. V. Kulak ◽  
S. V. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Molecular Taxonomy ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Coi Gene ◽  
Wing Pattern ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Proclossiana Eunomia

The Proclossiana eunomia (Esper, 1799) complex is currently composed of the several subspecies distributed throughout Palaearсtic region and North America. Despite the fact that some of the taxa have differences in wing pattern and body size, previous assumptions on taxonomy not supported by molecular data. Therefore, the identity of certain populations of this complex has remained unclear and the taxonomic status of several recently described taxa is debated. Here, we provide insights into systematics of some Palaearctic members of this group using molecular approach, based on the analysis of the barcoding fragment of the COI gene taking into account known morphological differences.

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