Phylogeography of Simulium Subgenus Wilhelmia (Diptera: Simuliidae)—Insights From Balkan Populations

Abstract Many morphologically similar species of the simuliid (Diptera: Simuliidae) subgenus Wilhelmia, Enderlein are difficult to distinguish. Thus, the revision of the subgenus using various morphological, cytogenetic, and genetic analyses has been attempted. Neglected until now, the Balkan Peninsula, a crossroad between Europe and Anatolia, provides insight which could resolve problematic interrelationships of the taxa within this subgenus. To uncover the status and relations within the subgenus Wilhelmia, mtDNA was extracted from 47 individuals of six morphospecies: Simulium balcanicum (Enderlein, 1924), Simulium turgaicum Rubtsov, 1940, Simulium lineatum (Meigen, 1804), Simulium pseudequinum Séguy, 1921, Simulium equinum (Linnaeus, 1758), and Simulium paraequinum Puri, 1933 from 21 sites throughout the Balkan Peninsula. Phylogenetic analysis of the Wilhelmia species using mitochondrial DNA barcoding (COI) gene showed two major branches, the lineatum branch, which includes the lineages sergenti, paraequinum, and lineatum, and the equinum branch. In the equinum branch, the mtDNA sequences formed six clades, with high genetic distances, suggesting the existence of different species. Historically, the clades of the equinum branch appeared at numerous islands, perhaps as a result of allopatric speciation. The paraequinum lineage (lineatum branch) is composed of two species. However, six clades of the lineatum lineage overlapped with intra- and interspecific genetic distances. Our results revealed that the species S. balcanicum, S. pseudequinum B, and S. equinum were omnipresent in the Balkans. The results point to not only the fair diversity of Wilhelmia species in the Balkans, but also indicate that most Wilhelmia species live in sympatry.

Download Full-text

DNA barcoding of Deltocephalus Burmeister leafhoppers (Cicadellidae, Deltocephalinae, Deltocephalini) in China

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.867.35058 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 867 ◽

pp. 55-71 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hong Zhang ◽

Yalin Zhang ◽

Yani Duan

Keyword(s):

Dna Barcoding ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Dna Barcode ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Mitochondrial Coi ◽

Chinese Populations ◽

The Status ◽

Morphological Variants

We investigated the feasibility of using the DNA barcode region in identifying Deltocephalus from China. Sequences of the barcode region of the mitochondrial COI gene were obtained for 98 specimens (Deltocephalusvulgaris – 88, Deltocephaluspulicaris – 5, Deltocephalusuncinatus – 5). The average genetic distances among morphological and geographical groups of D.vulgaris ranged from 0.9% to 6.3% and among the three species of Deltocephalus ranged from 16.4% to 21.9% without overlap, which effectively reveals the existence of a “DNA barcoding gap”. It is important to assess the status of these morphological variants and explore the genetic variation among Chinese populations of D.vulgaris because the status of this species has led to taxonomic confusion because specimens representing two distinct morphological variants based on the form of the aedeagus are often encountered at a single locality. Forty-five haplotypes (D.vulgaris – 36, D.pulicaris – 5, D.uncinatus – 4) were defined to perform the phylogenetic analyses; they revealed no distinct lineages corresponding either to the two morphotypes of D.vulgaris or to geographical populations. Thus, there is no evidence that these variants represent genetically distinct species.

Download Full-text

Simulium reptans (Linnaeus, 1758) and Simulium reptantoides Carlsson, 1962 from the Balkan Peninsula

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.922.49306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 922 ◽

pp. 141-155

Author(s):

Jelena Đuknić ◽

Vladimir M. Jovanović ◽

Jelena Čanak Atlagić ◽

Stefan Andjus ◽

Momir Paunović ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Genetic Variability ◽

Eastern Europe ◽

Central Europe ◽

Balkan Peninsula ◽

Southeast Europe ◽

The Balkans ◽

The Status

Simulium reptans (Linnaeus, 1758) and Simulium reptantoides Carlsson, 1962 are two species of the Simulium reptans group whose distribution is unclear because of their confusing taxonomy and systematics. Their genetic variability is well known for populations in northern and central Europe and shows that both species have two forms; however, the genetic variability of these species in southern and eastern Europe is unknown. To identify the status of these two species in southeast Europe, mtDNA was extracted from 19 individuals from 12 localities across the Balkan Peninsula. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed the existence of two species with 7.38–7.94% divergence. Each species was comprised of two clades, with 2.31% and 1.43% interclade divergence for S. reptans and S. reptantoides, respectively. This study revealed the presence of both species across the Balkans and that S. reptans occurs in this area in only one form (S. reptans B), while S. reptantoides is found in two genetic forms (A and B).

Download Full-text

DNA barcoding of bats (Chiroptera) from the Colombian northern region

Mammalia ◽

10.1515/mammalia-2020-0138 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Álvaro J. Benítez ◽

Dina Ricardo-Caldera ◽

María Atencia-Pineda ◽

Jesús Ballesteros-Correa ◽

Julio Chacón-Pacheco ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Barcoding ◽

Species Identification ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Northern Region ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Individual Species ◽

Species Variation ◽

Molossus Molossus ◽

Artibeus Lituratus

Abstract Bats are mammals of great ecological and medical importance, which have associations with different pathogenic microorganisms. DNA barcoding is a tool that can expedite species identification using short DNA sequences. In this study, we assess the DNA barcoding methodology in bats from the Colombian Northern region, specifically in the Córdoba department. Cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences of nine bat species were typified, and their comparison with other Neotropic samples revealed that this marker is suitable for individual species identification, with ranges of intra-species variation from 0.1 to 0.9%. Bat species clusters are well supported and differentiated, showing average genetic distances ranging from 3% between Artibeus lituratus and Artibeus planirostris, up to 27% between Carollia castanea and Molossus molossus. C. castanea and Glossophaga soricina show geographical structuring in the Neotropic. The findings reported in this study confirm DNA barcoding usefulness for fast species identification of bats in the region.

Download Full-text

Species delimitation in the leaf beetle genus Macroplea (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) based on mitochondrial DNA, and phylogeographic considerations

Insect Systematics & Evolution ◽

10.1163/187631206788831443 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 467-479 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Gregor Kölsch ◽

Bo Vest Pedersen ◽

Olof Biström

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Species Delimitation ◽

Mitochondrial Gene ◽

Leaf Beetle ◽

Genetic Distances ◽

Amino Acid Substitutions ◽

Species Status ◽

Leaf Beetles ◽

Gene Coding

AbstractThe genus Macroplea Samouelle, 1819 is a group of highly specialized aquatic leaf beetles occurring in the Palaearctic. Since the members of this genus are morphologically very similar, we addressed the question of species identification and delimitation by analysing the second half of the mitochondrial gene coding for the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) subunit. Species limits are inferred from the multimodal frequency distribution of genetic distances between specimens: low genetic distances within a species are clearly set apart from distances between species. The species status of the hitherto controversial species M. japana (Jacoby, 1885) is confirmed. The pattern of nucleotide and amino acid substitutions is discussed in the light of functional domains of the COI molecule. Although the data are preliminary, the results provide new data on the distribution of the species. Together with the phylogenetic analysis they allow for a discussion of the phylogeography of the genus.

Download Full-text

DNA barcoding and phylogenetic analysis of bagrid catfish in China based on mitochondrial COI gene

Mitochondrial DNA Part A ◽

10.1080/24701394.2020.1735379 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (2) ◽

pp. 73-80

Author(s):

Rui Zou ◽

Cong Liang ◽

Mengmeng Dai ◽

Xiaodong Wang ◽

Xiuyue Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Dna Barcoding ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Mitochondrial Coi ◽

Mitochondrial Coi Gene

Download Full-text

Geothelphusa makatao sp. nov. (Crustacea: Brachyura: Potamidae), a new freshwater crab from an uplifted Pleistocene reef in Taiwan

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2106.1.4 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2106 (1) ◽

pp. 51-60 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

HSI-TE SHIH ◽

JHY-YUN SHY

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

New Species ◽

Morphological Characters ◽

Similar Species ◽

Freshwater Crab ◽

Closely Related Species ◽

Dna Evidence ◽

Southwestern Taiwan ◽

A New Species

A new species of potamid freshwater crab, Geothelphusa makatao, is described from southwestern Taiwan, based on morphological characters and mitochondrial DNA evidence. The new species differs from close congeners, G. pingtung Tan & Liu, 1998, G. shernshan Chen, Cheng & Shy, 2005, and G. ancylophallus Shy, Ng & Yu, 1994 and a superficially similar species, G. albogilva Shy, Ng & Yu, 1994, in the structure of its ambulatory legs, thoracic sternum, male abdomen, and male first pleopods. The unique gene sequences of 16S rRNA and cytochrome oxidase I also support the recognition of this coastal population, which is isolated from other closely related species inhabiting montane areas. Except for G. makatao, the phylogenetic analysis showed that there are three additional hill subclades within the G. pingtung clade, G. shernshan, G. pingtung and the Liangshan subclade, situated in different watersheds of rivers or streams near the Central Range in the southwestern Taiwan.

Download Full-text

Taxonomic re-examination of the hermit crab species Pagurus forceps and Pagurus comptus (Decapoda: Paguridae) by molecular analysis

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2133.1.2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2133 (1) ◽

pp. 20-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

FERNANDO LUIS MANTELATTO ◽

LUIS MIGUEL PARDO ◽

LEONARDO GOMES PILEGGI ◽

DARRYL L. FELDER

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Dna Sequences ◽

Hermit Crab ◽

Sequence Similarity ◽

Ribosomal Gene ◽

Similar Species ◽

Crab Species ◽

Putative Species ◽

Complex Relationships

The current taxonomy of two poorly known hermit crab species Pagurus forceps H. Milne Edwards, 1836 and Pagurus comptus White, 1847 from temperate Pacific and Atlantic coastlines of South America is based only on adult morphology. Past studies have questioned the separation of these two very similar species, which occur sympatrically. We included specimens morphologically assignable to P. forceps and P. comptus in a phylogenetic analysis, along with other selected anomuran decapods, based on 16S ribosomal gene sequences. Differences between samples putatively assigned to either P. forceps and P. comptus were moderate, with sequence similarity ranging from 98.2 to 99.4% for the fragments analyzed. Our comparison of mitochondrial DNA sequences (16S rRNA) revealed diagnostic differences between the two putative species, suggesting that P. forceps and P. comptus are indeed phylogenetically close but different species, with no genetic justification to support their synonymization. The polyphyly of Pagurus is not corroborated here among the represented Atlantic species, despite obviously complex relationships among the members of the genus.

Download Full-text

DNA-based identification of South Korean Megaloptera larvae with taxonomic notes

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/tce.2015.44 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 148 (2) ◽

pp. 123-139 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Sang Woo Jung ◽

Tatyana S. Vshivkova ◽

Yeon Jae Bae

Keyword(s):

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Adult Stage ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Mitochondrial Cytochrome ◽

Dna Barcodes ◽

Gene Sequences ◽

Mtdna Sequences ◽

Larval Stages ◽

South Korean

AbstractMitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences, which serve as DNA barcodes, have been used to associate immature and adult stages of insects and to delineate species. The partial mitochondrial cytochromecoxidase subunit I (COI) gene sequences for South Korean Megaloptera (all known in the adult stage) were tested to identify undetermined larvae as a rapid and effective method from 31 specimens (16 adults and 15 larvae). The COI gene sequences distinguished all six known Megaloptera species, with a low genetic distance between larvae and adults (0.50±0.21%). Based on the COI gene sequences, we associated five types of larvae with known adults including the following four species of newly described larval stages:Sialis annaeVshivkova, 1979 (Megaloptera: Sialidae);Neochauliodes formosanus(Okamoto, 1910) (Megaloptera: Corydalidae);Parachauliodes asahinaiLiuet al., 2008 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae); andProtohermes xanthodesNavás, 1913 (Megaloptera: Corydalidae). The known larval stage ofSialis koreanaJung and Bae, 2012 (Megaloptera: Sialidae) was confirmed, and the morphological variation in the male genitalia ofSialis longidensKlingstedt, 1932 (Megaloptera: Sialidae) is discussed. A larval key to the six South Korean species of Megaloptera is provided.

Download Full-text

DNA Barcoding and CITES-Listed Wedgefish (Rhynchobatidae, Rhinidae) from South Bangka, Indonesia

Jurnal Kelautan Tropis ◽

10.14710/jkt.v24i2.10454 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 232-236

Author(s):

Siti Aisyah ◽

Novi Santia ◽

Okto Supratman ◽

Ahmad Fahrul Syarif ◽

Anggraeni Anggraeni

Keyword(s):

Dna Barcoding ◽

Conservation Status ◽

Marine Ecosystem ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Accurate Identification ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Wild Fauna ◽

The Status ◽

Elasmobranch Species

Overfishing of wedgefish greatly affects its population and the balance of the marine ecosystem. This is exacerbated by their relatively low fecundity, slow growth, and late maturity results in one of the lowest population growth rate within elasmobranch species. However, lacking database information results in insufficient regulations and surveillance of wedgefish fishing. The current situation is feared to the risk of wedgefish’s survival, especially in Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia. Fundamental to a database is the accurate identification of wedgefish species based on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) analysis. This study aimed to use DNA barcodes to identify, determine the conservation status, and the status according to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES). We collected samples including unidentified fin samples from confiscated illegal fishing catches, the traditional markets and fishing docks, South Bangka. In this research, we used DNA Barcoding (mitocondrial DNA, COI gene) to identify and examine of wedgefish samples. The tissue samples used in this study were identified as species listed in CITES Appendix II, they are Rhynchobatus australiae, Rhynchobatus springeri and Rhina ancylostoma. According to the IUCN Red List, 100% of the wedgefish species found are Critical Endangered at the global level.

Download Full-text

DNA barcoding of razor clam Solen spp. (Solinidae, Bivalva) in Indonesian beaches

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d210207 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Ninis trisyani Margono ◽

DWI ANGGOROWATI RAHAYU

Keyword(s):

Phylogenetic Analysis ◽

Genetic Distance ◽

Dna Barcoding ◽

Dna Barcode ◽

Morphological Characteristics ◽

Wide Distribution ◽

Coi Gene ◽

Razor Clam ◽

Molecular Phylogenetic ◽

Solen Grandis

Abstract. Trisyani N, Rahayu DA. 2020. DNA barcoding of razor clam Solen spp. (Solinidae, Bivalva) in Indonesian beaches. Biodiversitas 21: 478-484. Solen spp. are shells with various morphological characteristics with a wide distribution of tropical and subtropical beaches, including Indonesia. The identification of Solen spp. is generally based on its morphological characteristics. This method is very problematic due to specimens share similarity in morphology and color. This study was using DNA barcode as a molecular identification tool. The bivalve COI sequence was amplified using PCR and molecular phylogenetic analysis using the Neighbor-Joining method. The amplified COI gene has a length of about 665 bp. The purpose of this study was to evaluate genetic variation and compare the phylogenetic Solen spp. in Indonesian waters. The composition of the nucleotide bases of Solen spp. the comparative species are A = 26.79%, C = 23.16%, G = 19.17% and T = 30.93%. The total nucleotide base A + T was 57.72%, while G + C was 42.33%. The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that Solen spp. Cirebon and Jambi are in one clade with Solen regularis with genetic distance 0.000 - 0.002. Solen spp. Surabaya, Bangkalan, Pamekasan, and Sumenep are in separate clades and are related to Solen grandis, Solen stricus and Solen lamarckii with genetic distance from 0.146 - 0.156. The diversity of nucleotide was 0.9780 and was divided into 12 haplotypes.

Download Full-text