scholarly journals Cognitive Dissonance–Based Interventions to Facilitate Positive Body Image and Embodiment

2019 ◽  
pp. 360-373
Author(s):  
Emma Halliwell ◽  
Phillippa C. Diedrichs
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Positive Body Image ◽  
Eating Disorder Prevention ◽  
Body Acceptance ◽  
Selective Eating ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Disorder Prevention

Cognitive dissonance–based interventions (CDIs) emerge in meta-analyses as the most effective selective eating disorder prevention and body acceptance programs. This chapter examines whether CDIs can also be used to promote aspects of positive body image and embodiment. Theoretical links between CDI content and positive body image are discussed. Also, the small body of empirical research that has evaluated the impact of CDI on aspects of positive body image is reviewed. The chapter argues that CDI could offer a useful tool to promote positive body image. Some revisions may be beneficial. However, it is critical that changes are evaluated in randomized controlled trials to ensure that the effectiveness of CDIs is not compromised by these adaptations.

Acceptance, Activism, and Freedom from Bullying

2019 ◽  
pp. 244-254
Author(s):  
Ann Frisén ◽  
Kristina Holmqvist Gattario ◽  
Sofia Berne
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Positive Body Image ◽  
Body Acceptance

The Internet and especially social networking sites provide potent contexts for the formation of individuals’ views of their bodies and appearance. So far, however, research has almost exclusively focused on the negative aspects of these experiences. This chapter proposes that the online context can also be an influential context for positive body-related experiences. In order to make the online context a more positive arena, appearance-related cyberbullying needs to be stopped. Therefore, this chapter starts with a review of appearance-related cyberbullying and elaborates on what can be done about this growing problem. The second part concerns the positive aspects of body image–defining experiences online, such as body acceptance and body activism movements, which may promote positive body image and embodiment. How the online context may constitute an arena for exploration of alternative ideals, resistant communications, and body activism is discussed.

Prevention of Eating Disorders

2017 ◽  
pp. 335-362
Author(s):  
Evelyn Attia ◽  
Anne E. Becker ◽  
Cynthia M. Bulik ◽  
Alison E. Field ◽  
Neville H. Golden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Eating Disorder Prevention ◽  
Effectiveness Trials ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Disorder Prevention

This chapter examines risk factors for the development of eating disorders and efforts to prevent them. A number of variables are considered to be risk factors; however, extant research has notable limitations, including the low prevalence of these conditions within the general population, which complicates the identification of reliable risk factors. The impact of culture on eating disorders is reviewed, as well as social and biological factors thought to exert complementary impact and to contribute synergistically to risk. Considerable progress has been made in developing and evaluating models for prevention since the publication of the prior edition of this book. These advances include the publication of several large effectiveness trials, the development of models to prevent the onset of anorexia nervosa and combined eating disorder prevention and weight maintenance/loss programs, and the availability of interventions for both boys and girls.

Relationships that Cultivate Positive Body Image Through Body Acceptance

2019 ◽  
pp. 214-222
Author(s):  
Marika Tiggemann
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
Romantic Partners ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Positive Body Image ◽  
Body Acceptance ◽  
Interpersonal Factor

This chapter sets out to review the research and theory on body acceptance by significant others as an interpersonal factor promoting positive body image. Overall, the review finds that supportive and accepting relationships with family, friends, and romantic partners are critical to women’s positive body image throughout the life span and across many different contexts. This has significant implications not only for interventions aimed at promoting positive body image but also for those aimed at preventing or treating negative body image. Nevertheless, more sophisticated longitudinal and experimental research strategies are required to detail the processes underlying the link from the perception of body acceptance by others to one’s own positive body image.

Cultivating Positive Embodiment Through Peer Connections

2019 ◽  
pp. 223-231
Author(s):  
Nina Mafrici
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Peer Groups ◽  
Peer Influences ◽  
Peer Norms ◽  
Positive Body Image ◽  
Body Acceptance ◽  
Peer Environment

Peers represent important transmitters of weight- and body-related norms and ideals. Although much research exists on peer processes that disrupt girls’ and women’s connection to their bodies, this chapter examines the literature specifically pertaining to protective peer influences that support girls and women in distancing from appearance norms and facilitate enhanced connection with their bodies. In this regard, the chapter reviews three domains of protective influences that exist within the peer environment and contribute to positive body image and embodiment. First are peer norms related to (a) body acceptance, (b) distancing from appearance-based comments and comparisons, and (c) alternative norms fostering resiliency from peer appearance-based pressure. Second are interventions designed to support peer groups in resisting and protecting against teasing and harassment. The final domain is initiatives that facilitate activism and empowerment as positive determinants to social power within peer groups. The chapter concludes with a discussion of implications for clinical and prevention initiatives.

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