Pulmonary Hypertension
Pulmonary hypertension (PHTN) is a rare yet devastating disease. PHTN is defined as a mean pulmonary artery pressure of 25 mm Hg or greater at rest, measured during right heart catheterization. The survival without therapy is only 2.8 years. Its estimated prevalence ranges from 0.001 to 0.01. In noncardiac surgery, PHTN is considered to be an important predictor of complications, with perioperative morbidity ranging from 14% to 24%. Given this potential morbidity, careful preoperative evaluation and understanding of risks and management of these patients is strongly encouraged as it may improve outcomes after surgery. The perioperative risk and management among patients with PHTN undergoing noncardiac surgery may differ. Therefore, it is important for the anesthesiologist to understand the underlying disease process causing elevation of the pulmonary artery pressure when evaluating the risks and benefits of the proposed procedure.