Limbic System

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-140
Author(s):  
Vijay K. Ramanan ◽  
Eduardo E. Benarroch
Keyword(s):  
Limbic System ◽  
Explicit Memory ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Memory And Learning ◽  
System P ◽  
Limbic Lobe

Unlike the lobes of the cortex, which are regionally defined, the limbic “lobe” includes highly interconnected circuits that span cortical, subcortical, and brainstem components. The major functions of the limbic system include mediating emotional and behavioral responses, memory, and learning. From a functional standpoint, the limbic system can be conceptualized as including an anterior circuit, centered in the amygdala and primarily involved in emotion and behavioral drive, and a posterior circuit, centered in the hippocampus and crucial for encoding and retrieving declarative (explicit) memory.

Implicit Memory and Aging

2013 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Was ◽  
Dan J. Woltz
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Implicit Memory ◽  
Explicit Memory ◽  
Declarative Memory ◽  
Procedural Memory ◽  
Information And Communications Technologies ◽  
Memory And Learning ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Storage And Retrieval ◽  
Communications Technologies

There is clear evidence that aging has an effect on memory. However, not all memory processes suffer as one ages. In the current chapter, the authors review the distinctions between explicit memory (i.e., effortful storage and retrieval of information) and implicit memory (i.e., learning and memory that do not require conscious effort). They then review the evidence indicating that implicit memory does not decline at the same rate as explicit memory. They authors then discuss the possibility of using implicit memory processes (e.g. procedural memory), to aid explicit memory processes (e.g., declarative memory). Finally, they discuss the need and the opportunity to incorporate information and communications technologies into the lives of older adults in order to support memory and learning.

Intact Artificial Grammar Learning in Amnesia: Dissociation of Classification Learning and Explicit Memory for Specific Instances

1992 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara J. Knowlton ◽  
Seth J. Ramus ◽  
Larry R. Squire
Keyword(s):  
Recognition Test ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Explicit Memory ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Artificial Grammar ◽  
Classification Learning ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Impaired Memory ◽  
Grammar Learning ◽  
Explicit Comparison

The present study investigates whether the ability to classify on the basis of rules can be learned independently of memory for the specific instances used to leach the rules. Thirteen amnesic patients and 14 control subjects studied letter strings generated by an artificial grammar. Subjects were then shown new letter strings and were instructed to classify them as grammatical or nongrammatical. Amnesic patients performed as well as normal subjects. However, amnesic patients performed more poorly than control subjects on a recognition test of the exemplars that had been presented. Amnesic patients also performed more poorly than control subjects when the instructions were to base the classification on explicit comparison with the original exemplars. The results show that classification learning based on exemplars of an artificial grammar can develop normally despite impaired memory for the exemplars themselves. Whereas exemplar memory depends on interactions between neocortex and the limbic system, classification learning may depend on interaction between neocortex and the neostriatum.

The Diencephalon, Basal Ganglia, & Limbic System

Neuroanatomy ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 341-376
Author(s):  
Adam J Fisch
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Limbic System ◽  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Basal Forebrain ◽  
Olfactory Cortex ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
System P ◽  
Papez Circuit

This chapter focuses on learning the anatomy of the diencephalon, basal ganglia, and limbic system. It provides instruction on how to draw the basal ganglia, the thalamus, the hypothalamus, diencephalon, limbic system, hippocampus, Papez circuit, parahippocampal gyrus, intrahippocampal circuitry, olfactory cortex, and basal forebrain. Also addressed is the neurocircuitry of sleep, including the anatomical location of the sleep center, the physiology of the thalamocortical circuits, the pathway for the generation of REM sleep, and the biology of sleep and wakefulness. The chapter concludes with key discoveries in the biology of sleep and wakefulness.

scholarly journals From Paul Broca's great limbic lobe to the limbic system

2015 ◽  
Vol 523 (17) ◽  
pp. 2495-2500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Pessoa ◽  
Patrick R. Hof
Keyword(s):  
Limbic System ◽  
Limbic Lobe

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

Comparison of TEM and STM observations of small silver clusters on different carbon supports

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 264-265
Author(s):  
Bernd Tesche ◽  
Tobias Schilling
Keyword(s):  
Vibration Isolation ◽  
Pyrolytic Graphite ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Silver Clusters ◽  
Carbon Supports ◽  
Stacking Order ◽  
System P ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Degree Of Order

The objective of our work is to determine:a) whether both of the imaging methods (TEM, STM) yield comparable data andb) which method is better suited for a reliable structure analysis of microclusters smaller than 1.5 nm, where a deviation of the bulk structure is expected.The silver was evaporated in a bell-jar system (p 10−5 pa) and deposited onto a 6 nm thick amorphous carbon film and a freshly cleaved highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG).The average deposited Ag thickness is 0.1 nm, controlled by a quartz crystal microbalance at a deposition rate of 0.02 nm/sec. The high resolution TEM investigations (100 kV) were executed by a hollow-cone illumination (HCI). For the STM investigations a commercial STM was used. With special vibration isolation we achieved a resolution of 0.06 nm (inserted diffraction image in Fig. 1c). The carbon film shows the remarkable reduction in noise by using HCI (Fig. 1a). The HOPG substrate (Fig. 1b), cleaved in sheets thinner than 30 nm for the TEM investigations, shows the typical arrangement of a nearly perfect stacking order and varying degrees of rotational disorder (i.e. artificial single crystals). The STM image (Fig. 1c) demonstrates the high degree of order in HOPG with atomic resolution.

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