Bone cancer

2007 ◽  
pp. 295-308
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Bone Cancer ◽  
Bone Sarcoma ◽  
Metastatic Bone Disease ◽  
Childhood Cancers ◽  
Bone Sarcomas ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Bone sarcomas 296 Soft tissue sarcomas 300 Surgical treatments 302 Metastatic bone disease (MBD) 306 Bone sarcomas are extremely rare, with less than 550 new cases per annum in the UK. They account for only 0.2% of all new cancers, but 5% of childhood cancers. The main types of bone sarcoma/tumour are:...

scholarly journals Imaging of Bone Sarcomas and Soft-Tissue Sarcomas

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasminka Igrec ◽  
Michael H. Fuchsjäger
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Bone Cancer ◽  
Bone Sarcoma ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Bone Sarcomas ◽  
Publication Period ◽  
Ct And Mri

Background In the diagnosis of bone and soft-tissue sarcomas, the continuous advancement of various imaging modalities has improved the detection of small lesions, surgical planning, assessment of chemotherapeutic effects, and, importantly, guidance for surgery or biopsy. Method This review was composed based on a PubMed literature search for the terms “bone sarcoma,” “bone cancer” and “soft tissue sarcoma,” “imaging,” “magnetic resonance imaging”, “computed tomography”, “ultrasound”, “radiography”, and “radiomics” covering the publication period 2005–2020. Results and Conclusion As discussed in this review, radiography, ultrasound, CT, and MRI all play key roles in the imaging evaluation of bone and soft-tissue sarcomas. In daily practice, advanced MRI techniques complement standard MRI but remain underused, as they are considered time-consuming, technically challenging, and not reliable enough to replace biopsy and histology. PET/MRI and radiomics have shown promise regarding the imaging of sarcomas in the future. Key Points:  Citation Format

scholarly journals Oncoepidemiological situation of sarcomas in Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Z h U Pyssanova ◽  
G A Serikbaev ◽  
D R Kaydarova ◽  
D A Tuleuova ◽  
A S Shinbolatova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Bone Sarcoma ◽  
The Past ◽  
Bone Sarcomas

Abstract Background Sarcoma is a malignant tumor of soft tissues and bones. They make up 1% of all malignant tumors in adults and 15% in children. More common in men 1.1: 1. By age: 20.7% - up to 40 years old, 27.6% - 40-60 years old and 51.7% over 60 years old. In 2018, in the Kazakhstan, malignant tumor of connective and soft tissues of 444 (1.4%) cases was registered and ranks 19th in the structure of cancer, bones and articular cartilage 188 (0.6%), takes 22nd place. Of these, with sore cases, bone sarcomas were recorded - 12.7%, soft tissues - 9.5%. The mortality rate from soft tissue sarcoma is -177 (1.2%) people, bone sarcoma - 85 (0.6%) people. Five-year survival of patients from soft tissue sarcomas is 53.8%, from bone sarcomas - 67.3%. Methods from 2015 to 2019, 1,068 patients with malignant tumor of bones and articular cartilage, 963 patients with malignant tumor of connective and soft tissues addmited to KazNIIOiR. Of these, 225 patients underwent organ-sparing surgeries - endoprosthesis replacement of limbs. Results In Kazakhstan over the past 5 years there has been an increase in the incidence of sarcomas of bones and soft tissues. Conclusions in comparison with previous years, there is an increase in the incidence of malignant tumor of bones and articular cartilage, connective and soft tissues, and an increase in mortality from tumor of bones and articular cartilage in men by 16.7%, in women by 50%. Late reversal of patients at the IV stage and a high proportion posthumously recorded in patients with maliganan tumors. Key messages Purpose: Assessment of the epidemiological situation and incidence of sarcomas of the bones and soft tissues in Kazakhstan. Out of 25 localizations of cancer, detection is worsened during professional examinations in 10 localizations, of which bones and articular cartilage, connective and other soft tissues.

Phase Ib study of decitabine in combination with gemcitabine in treatment of advanced soft tissue and bone sarcomas.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 11550-11550
Author(s):  
Varun Monga ◽  
Rebecca Dodd ◽  
Amanda Scherer ◽  
Wade Robert Gutierrez ◽  
Munir Tanas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Bone Sarcoma ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Weekly Schedule ◽  
Hypomethylating Agent ◽  
Dose Infusion ◽  
Bone Sarcomas ◽  
Grade 3

11550 Background: Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of tumors and are associated with high rates of metastases leading to poor prognosis. Numerous epigenetic changes including hypermethylation have been identified in several sarcoma subtypes. Restoration of normal methylation patterns using DNA hypomethylating agent when combined with chemotherapy has shown to slow tumor growth in preclinical studies. Low continuous dosing of hypomethylating agent has epigenetic modulating effect with less toxicity. We conducted a Phase 1b study evaluating safety & tolerability and identifying the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) of subcutaneous (SQ) decitabine (DEC) given with fixed dose infusion gemcitabine (GEM) in patients with advanced soft tissue sarcomas (STS) and bone sarcomas. Methods: Eligible patients at least age 18 yrs with metastatic histologically confirmed STS or bone sarcoma after progression on one line or if refused adriamycin for STS were included. Prior GEM use was permitted. A modified 3+3 dose escalation design was used exploring two dose cohorts of DEC, 0.1 and 0.2 mg/kg SQ administered on a twice weekly schedule for three weeks and GEM given as 900 mg/m2, IV over 90 min on days 1, 8 & 15 of a 28-day cycle. Treatment was continued until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Dose limiting toxicity (DLT) was defined as any drug related non-hematological grade 3 or 4 toxicity per CTCAE v4.0. Disease assessment was performed every 8 weeks using RECIST v1.1. Results: 31 patients (25 STS & 6 bone sarcomas) were enrolled of which 7 were non-evaluable. There were 12 evaluable patients in each dosing cohort. Of the total 744 adverse events (AE) 17.2% were grade 3/4 and most were neutropenia without neutropenic fever. 45.7% AEs were possibly (44.6%) or probably (1.1%) attributed to DEC use. The toxicities were not significantly different between DEC doses. No DLTs were observed. One patient died due to progressive disease. Conclusions: Combination of fixed dose infusion GEM with low dose subcutaneous DEC is moderately toxic. Most toxicities were hematological. While there were few responses, the RP2D of DEC selected was 0.1 mg/kg as it showed prolonged disease stabilization. Clinical trial information: NCT02959164 . [Table: see text]

Sarcomas of Soft Tissue and Bone

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Lerner ◽  
Huihong Xu ◽  
Karen H Antman
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Kaposi Sarcoma ◽  
Uterine Leiomyosarcoma ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Bone Sarcomas ◽  
Epidemiologic Features

Sarcomas originate from bone or soft tissue. The most common bone sarcomas are osteosarcomas, Ewing sarcomas, and chondrosarcomas. Soft tissue sarcomas develop in fibrous tissue, fat, muscle, blood vessels, and nerves. Historically, soft tissue sarcomas of the trunk and extremities were reported separately from those of visceral organs (e.g., gastrointestinal and gynecologic sarcomas). This chapter discusses the classification, epidemiology, diagnosis, staging, and treatment of sarcomas of bone and cartilage, and classic soft tissue sarcomas. Management of Kaposi sarcoma, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), mesothelioma, and rhabdomyosarcoma is also described. Figures include images of patients with osteosarcoma, liposarcoma, uterine leiomyosarcoma, GIST, and osteosarcoma in a patient with Paget disease of bone. Tables list epidemiologic features of sarcomas, a summary of sarcomas by histology, familial syndromes associated with increased risk of sarcoma, survival rates in sarcoma patients, staging of soft tissue sarcomas, and results of a meta-analysis of doxorubicin-based adjuvant chemotherapy for localized resectable soft tissue sarcoma. This chapter contains 126 references.

Orthopaedic surgery in the palliation of cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 839-848
Author(s):  
Mohamed Yakoub ◽  
John Healey
Keyword(s):  
Bone Disease ◽  
Chronic Condition ◽  
Orthopaedic Surgery ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Metastatic Bone Disease ◽  
Site Specific ◽  
Pain Disability ◽  
Targeted Drug ◽  
Surgical Treatments ◽  
Targeted Drug Therapies

Metastatic spread of cancer to bone is frequent and causes pain, disability, and functional limitation. Non-surgical treatments such as chemotherapy and hormone therapy are effective in early disease. Administration of bisphosphonates or osteoprotegerin inhibitors prevent new ‘bone events’, thereby avoiding pain, radiation, and surgery. Radiotherapy arrests disease and relieves pain in many cases. Surgery is needed when the bone is weak or fractured. It effectively relieves pain and preserves function by bypassing the deficient bone with site-specific reconstructive surgery. Surgery should be selected based on projections of patient survival. New tools to make these projections are now available (https://www.pathfx.org/). New targeted drug therapies appear to be changing metastatic bone disease into a more chronic condition. This will alter the management of local disease in many histological subtypes of metastatic cancers.

Paclitaxel in patients (pts) with advanced angiosarcomas

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 10033-10033 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schlemmer ◽  
P. Reichardt ◽  
J. Verweij ◽  
J. T. Hartmann ◽  
I. Judson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Active Agent ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Bone Sarcoma ◽  
Tumor Control ◽  
Cancer History ◽  
Heterogenous Group ◽  
The Face ◽  
Prospective Phase ◽  
Collection Form

10033 Background: Angiosarcomas represent a heterogenous group of rare sarcomas with specific clinical behaviour and risk factors. Paclitaxel has been suggested to induce tumor control in a proportion of pts with angiosarcoma while being inactive in other soft tissue sarcomas subtypes. The objective of this retrospective study was to investigate the antitumor activity of this compound in a larger series and a multicenter setting. Patients and Methods: Data from pts with angiosarcoma treated with paclitaxel in centers of the EORTC Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcoma Group were collected using a standardized data collection form. Results: Data from 32 pts were collected from 10 centers. There were 17 males and 15 females with a median age of 60.4 years (range 24–91). Eight pts (25%) had angiosarcomas of the face and scalp, 24 pts (75%) at other primary sites. Ten (31 %) pts had a previous cancer history, 7 of whom had been irradiated for breast cancer. Ten (31 %) pts had received 1st line chemotherapy (ctx) and 3 pts 2nd line ctx prior to treatment with paclitaxel. All 13 (40%) pretreated pts had doxorubicin, 5 pts in combination with ifosfamide as 1st line and 3 pts ifosfamide as 2nd line ctx. 21 (66 %) pts received paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 every 3 weeks, and 11 (34 %) received 75–100 mg/m2weekly. The overall response rate (RR) was 62.5 % [including 1 CR (3%) and 19 PR (59%)]; in pts with face and scalp primary sites the RR was 75% (1CR, 5 PR), whereas pts with angiosarcoma at other sites achieved a response in 58% (14 PR). PFS was 7.6 months for all 32 pts. Conclusion: Paclitaxel was an active agent in angiosarcoma in this retrospective multicenter study, also in angiosarcoma originating at other sites than scalp and face. These results need to be confirmed in a controlled, prospective phase II study. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals The use of radiation therapy in combination treatment of soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities with involvement of long tubular bones

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-133
Author(s):  
A.L. Zubarev ◽  
◽  
A.A. Kurilchik ◽  
V.E. Ivanov ◽  
A.L. Starodubtsev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Combination Treatment ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Soft Tissue Sarcomas ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Postoperative Radiation Therapy ◽  
Local Hyperthermia

Soft tissue sarcomas (STS) are rare malignant tumors of mesenchymal origin. They account for about 1% of all malignant neoplasms. Haematogenous spread is the most common route of me-tastasis for STS and bone metastases occur in 9.4% of cases. When creating treatment plan for STS, it is necessary to consider a multimodal approach. Combination treatment can include pre-operative or postoperative radiation therapy (RT), chemotherapy (CT), and local hyperthermia (LHT). Surgery for STS should be radical. This paper presents 9 STS clinical cases and treatment outcomes in patients with secondary bone disease. Four patients underwent chemotherapy and surgery. Two patients received chemoradiotherapy (CRT) and surgery. Three patients received thermo-chemo-radiotherapy (TCHRT) followed by surgery. Accelerated fractionation radiotherapy was given using a single tumor dose of 3 Gy, twice a day with interval of 4 hours between ses-sions, 3 times a week to a total tumor dose (TTD) of 30 Gy (isoeffective TTD – 42 Gy, TDF – 69 Gy). Local hyperthermia for soft tissue tumor treatment was performed over 6 sessions: 2 ses-sions were combined with CHT courses before and after RT, and 4 sessions were combined with RT. The follow up period for 6 patients varied from 12 to 1.5 months, for 3 patients it varied from 6 to 8 months, for 1 patient it lasted 3 months and for 1 patient – 2 years. According to the RECIST criteria, more than half of the patients had tumor stabilization and 22% of patients had a partial response. Grade III-IV the rapeutic pathomorphosis was observed in 70% of patients after pre-operative combination treatment. The use of CT, CRT or TCHRT in combination treatment of STS with secondary bone disease enabled us to achieve a pronounced therapeutic pathomorphosis of tumors and to perform organ preservation surgery with endoprosthetic replacement.

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