Less frequent causes of SCD (aortic rupture): non-cardiac causes (asthma, extreme environmental conditions (heat, cold, altitude))—Part 2

2019 ◽  
pp. 332-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Ekker Solberg ◽  
Paolo Emilio Adami
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Aortic Rupture ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Commotio Cordis

It is important to be aware of the clinical features of less frequent causes of SCD in Europe (e.g. commotio cordis and aortic rupture) and non-cardiac causes (e.g. drug abuse, hyperpyrexia, rhabdomyolysis, sickle cell trait, asthma, and extreme environmental conditions). Lay people and health personnel may not understand the mechanisms leading to sudden cardiac arrest and therefore not act properly. This chapter is the second part of this topic and continues to describes these conditions their relation to SCA, and provides advice for prevention and action in actual cases.

Less frequent causes of SCD (commotio cordis): non-cardiac causes (drug abuse, hyperpyrexia, rhabdomyolysis, sickle cell anaemia)—Part 1

2019 ◽  
pp. 328-332
Author(s):  
Erik Ekker Solberg ◽  
Paolo Emilio Adami
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Aortic Rupture ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Commotio Cordis

It is important to be aware of the clinical features of less frequent causes of SCD in Europe (e.g. commotio cordis and aortic rupture) and non-cardiac causes (e.g. drug abuse, hyperpyrexia, rhabdomyolysis, sickle cell trait, asthma, and extreme environmental conditions). Lay people and health personnel may not understand the mechanisms leading to sudden cardiac arrest and therefore not act properly. This chapter describes these conditions and their relation to sudden cardiac arrest, and provides advice for prevention and action in actual cases.

Abstract 342: A Description of Cardiac Outcomes in Patients With Sickle Cell Trait and Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluated in a National Inpatient Data Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel I Ogbuchi ◽  
Temidayo Abe ◽  
Kapil Bhatia ◽  
Leondus S McIver ◽  
Michelle Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Sudden Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inflammatory State ◽  
Overall Mortality

Introduction: Sickle cell trait (SCT) is an independent risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). CKD is a well-established risk factor for progressive cardiovascular dysfunction. Sickle Cell trait has been noted to promote a persistent systemic pro-inflammatory state. This pro-inflammatory state could potentially increase the risk of systemic endothelial dysfunction when accompanied with other cardiotoxic conditions. We aim to investigate cardiovascular outcomes in patients with SCT and CKD, compared to SCT alone. Methods: Patients with CKD were identified in the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database 2016 using the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM), and subsequently were divided into two groups, those with and without SCT. Both population sets were paired using 1:1 propensity score matching based on Age, Sex and co-morbidities to address potential confounding factors. Outcomes of interest were overall mortality, rates of stroke, sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and cardiomyopathy. Results: Mean age of patients with CKD alone was 72.98 ± 13.2 years, while for CKD and SCT 56.68 ± 17.3 years. There was no significant difference between the two group in the rates of stroke (1.3% vs 1.0%; P= 0.125), and SCA (1.0% vs 1.1%; P= 0.841). Overall mortality (5.7% vs 2.2%; P<0.0001) and rates of cardiomyopathy (10.1% vs 2.9%; P<0.0001) were significantly lower in patients with CKD and SCT, compared to CKD alone. Multivariate logistic regression followed a similar trend, compared to those with CKD alone, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for overall mortality aOR; 0.625 (0.372-1.049) and cardiomyopathy aOR; 0.451 (0.293-0.696) were significantly lower in patients with CKD and SCT. Conclusion: Compared to patients with CKD alone, those with CKD and SCT have a lower risk for overall mortality and cardiomyopathy. Further studies are needed to replicate this finding and look at the possible protective role of SCT in patients with CKD.

ANESTHETIC RISKS IN SICKLE CELL TRAIT

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul McGarry ◽  
Caroline Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait ◽  
Massive Hemorrhage ◽  
Time Of Death ◽  
Preoperative Screening ◽  
Vascular Occlusions

Five Negro children with sickle cell trait died during or shortly after general anesthesia. Their ages were 18 months to 13 years. In four of the five cases sickle cell trait was undiagnosed and asymptomatic. In one, S-C hemoglobinopathy had been diagnosed previously. Four of the deaths were sudden, unexpected, and attributed to cardiac arrest of unknown cause. One was associated with massive hemorrhage and respiratory tract obstruction during surgery. Generalized sickling, widespread vascular occlusions by conglutinated erythrocytes and early parenchymal changes of hypoxia were found at autopsy, suggesting that massive intravascular sickling of red blood cells was present at the time of death and may have been the immediate cause. Circumstances known to promote sickling prevailed. Preoperative screening for sickle cell hemoglobin might have led to different management.

Sickle cell trait and the eye

1977 ◽  
Vol 137 (3) ◽  
pp. 281a-281
Author(s):  
P. E. Mickelson
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Trait
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