Neurology

2020 ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Helen Jefferis ◽  
Natalia Price
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Herpes Zoster ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Bladder Function ◽  
Peripheral Neuropathies ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Neurological Conditions

This chapter describes the various neurological conditions that can have an effect on bladder function and the upper renal tract. Brain lesions and effect on continence are described, alongside spinal cord lesions, sacral cord injuries, and peripheral neuropathies like diabetes and Herpes zoster.

Anterior periventricular linear lesions in optic-spinal multiple sclerosis: a combined neuroimaging and neuropathological study

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Matsushita ◽  
Takeshi Matsuoka ◽  
Takaaki Ishizu ◽  
Hitoshi Kikuchi ◽  
Manabu Osoegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Linear Lesions ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltrates

There are two distinct subtypes of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Asians, optic-spinal (OSMS) and conventional (CMS). In OSMS, severe spinal cord lesions are characteristic while brain lesions are scant. We sought to clarify atypical brain lesions in OSMS by neuroimaging and pathological studies. For brain MRI, 124 consecutive Japanese patients with clinically definite MS based on Poser criteria were enrolled, 57 with OSMS and 67 with CMS. Ten autopsied cases (seven OSMS and three CMS) were studied pathologically. Although the frequency of brain lesions fulfilling Barkhof criteria was significantly higher in CMS than in OSMS, periventricular linear lesions along with the anterior portion of the corpus callosum and the lateral ventricles were significantly more common in OSMS than in CMS. Pathologically, periventricular lesions in CMS extended deeply into the white matter, while those in OSMS were confined to periventricular areas. T cell infiltration in lesions was prominent in CMS but not in OSMS. Although severe axonal loss and cavity formation were commonly seen in periventricular and spinal cord lesions in OSMS, lymphocytic infiltrates and vessel wall thickening were observed only in the latter. Thus, we suggested that anterior periventricular linear lesions without ovoid ones are characteristic of OSMS. Multiple Sclerosis 2008; 14: 343—353. http://msj.sagepub.com

scholarly journals The effect of levcromakalim (BRL 38227) on bladder function in patients with high spinal cord lesions.

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Komersova ◽  
JW Rogerson ◽  
EL Conway ◽  
TC Lim ◽  
DJ Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Bladder Function ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions

scholarly journals Relationship between Barkhof criteria and the clinical features of multiple sclerosis in northern Japan

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1450-1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nakamura ◽  
H. Houzen ◽  
M. Niino ◽  
K. Tanaka ◽  
H. Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Northern Japan

We previously reported that the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the Tokachi Province of Hokkaido increased from 8.6 to 13.1 per 100,000 individuals between 2001 and 2006. Here, we study the frequency of MS patients who fulfill the Barkhof criteria and identified their common features. All 47 subjects in our previous study, who fulfilled Poser’s criteria, were included in this study. Of these, 33 satisfied the Barkhof criteria. In 2006, 9.2 per 100,000 MS patients fulfilled the Barkhof criteria; the percentage of patients who fulfilled these criteria was significantly higher among patients born after 1960 than among those born before 1960 (84.3% and 40.0%, respectively). The proportion of patients with conventional MS (C-MS) who fulfilled the Barkhof criteria was higher than that of patients with opticospinal MS (OS-MS) who fulfilled these criteria (93.9% and 71.4%, respectively). Longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions (LESCLs) were not associated with the brain lesions defined in the Barkhof criteria (Barkhof brain lesions). In Tokachi Province, the increased percentage of MS patients who fulfill the Barkhof criteria was associated with increased C-MS incidence and an increase in the proportion of C-MS patients with Barkhof brain lesions among people born after 1960.

scholarly journals Exoskeletons, Rehabilitation and Bodily Capacities

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357034X2110256
Author(s):  
Denisa Butnaru
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Cerebrovascular Accidents ◽  
Complex Processes ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Neurological Conditions

Motility impairments resulting from spinal cord injuries and cerebrovascular accidents are increasingly prevalent in society, leading to the growing development of rehabilitative robotic technologies, among them exoskeletons. This article outlines how bodies with neurological conditions such as spinal cord injury and stroke engage in processes of re-appropriation while using exoskeletons and some of the challenges they face. The main task of exoskeletons in rehabilitative environments is either to rehabilitate or ameliorate anatomic functions of impaired bodies. In these complex processes, they also play a crucial role in recasting specific corporeal phenomenologies. For the accomplishment of these forms of corporeal re-appropriation, the role of experts is crucial. This article explores how categories such as bodily resistance, techno-inter-corporeal co-production of bodies and machines, as well as body work mark the landscape of these contemporary forms of impaired corporeality. While defending corporeal extension rather than incorporation, I argue against the figure of the ‘cyborg’ and posit the idea of ‘residual subjectivity’.

scholarly journals MRI of the Entire Spinal Cord—Worth the While or Waste of Time? A Retrospective Study of 74 Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1424
Author(s):  
Esben Nyborg Poulsen ◽  
Anna Olsson ◽  
Stefan Gustavsen ◽  
Annika Reynberg Langkilde ◽  
Annette Bang Oturai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria ◽  
Chi Square Test

Spinal cord lesions are included in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), yet spinal cord MRI is not mandatory for diagnosis according to the latest revisions of the McDonald Criteria. We investigated the distribution of spinal cord lesions in MS patients and examined how it influences the fulfillment of the 2017 McDonald Criteria. Seventy-four patients with relapsing-remitting MS were examined with brain and entire spinal cord MRI. Sixty-five patients received contrast. The number and anatomical location of MS lesions were assessed along with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). A Chi-square test, Fischer’s exact test, and one-sided McNemar’s test were used to test distributions. MS lesions were distributed throughout the spinal cord. Diagnosis of dissemination in space (DIS) was increased from 58/74 (78.4%) to 67/74 (90.5%) when adding cervical spinal cord MRI to brain MRI alone (p = 0.004). Diagnosis of dissemination in time (DIT) was not significantly increased when adding entire spinal cord MRI to brain MRI alone (p = 0.04). There was no association between the number of spinal cord lesions and the EDSS score (p = 0.71). MS lesions are present throughout the spinal cord, and spinal cord MRI may play an important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of MS patients.

The use of micropolarization in the treatment of spinal cord lesions

2000 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
A. M. Shelyakin ◽  
I. G. Preobrazhenskaya ◽  
V. N. Komantsev ◽  
A. N. Makarovskii ◽  
O. V. Bogdanov
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions

MRI of spinal cord and brain lesions in subacute combined degeneration

1998 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 716-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. K. Katsaros ◽  
F. X. Glocker ◽  
B. Hemmer ◽  
M. Schumacher
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Subacute Combined Degeneration
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