scholarly journals Relationship between Barkhof criteria and the clinical features of multiple sclerosis in northern Japan

2009 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1450-1458 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nakamura ◽  
H. Houzen ◽  
M. Niino ◽  
K. Tanaka ◽  
H. Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Common Features ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Northern Japan

We previously reported that the prevalence of multiple sclerosis (MS) in the Tokachi Province of Hokkaido increased from 8.6 to 13.1 per 100,000 individuals between 2001 and 2006. Here, we study the frequency of MS patients who fulfill the Barkhof criteria and identified their common features. All 47 subjects in our previous study, who fulfilled Poser’s criteria, were included in this study. Of these, 33 satisfied the Barkhof criteria. In 2006, 9.2 per 100,000 MS patients fulfilled the Barkhof criteria; the percentage of patients who fulfilled these criteria was significantly higher among patients born after 1960 than among those born before 1960 (84.3% and 40.0%, respectively). The proportion of patients with conventional MS (C-MS) who fulfilled the Barkhof criteria was higher than that of patients with opticospinal MS (OS-MS) who fulfilled these criteria (93.9% and 71.4%, respectively). Longitudinally extensive spinal cord lesions (LESCLs) were not associated with the brain lesions defined in the Barkhof criteria (Barkhof brain lesions). In Tokachi Province, the increased percentage of MS patients who fulfill the Barkhof criteria was associated with increased C-MS incidence and an increase in the proportion of C-MS patients with Barkhof brain lesions among people born after 1960.

Anterior periventricular linear lesions in optic-spinal multiple sclerosis: a combined neuroimaging and neuropathological study

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Matsushita ◽  
Takeshi Matsuoka ◽  
Takaaki Ishizu ◽  
Hitoshi Kikuchi ◽  
Manabu Osoegawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Linear Lesions ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltrates

There are two distinct subtypes of multiple sclerosis (MS) in Asians, optic-spinal (OSMS) and conventional (CMS). In OSMS, severe spinal cord lesions are characteristic while brain lesions are scant. We sought to clarify atypical brain lesions in OSMS by neuroimaging and pathological studies. For brain MRI, 124 consecutive Japanese patients with clinically definite MS based on Poser criteria were enrolled, 57 with OSMS and 67 with CMS. Ten autopsied cases (seven OSMS and three CMS) were studied pathologically. Although the frequency of brain lesions fulfilling Barkhof criteria was significantly higher in CMS than in OSMS, periventricular linear lesions along with the anterior portion of the corpus callosum and the lateral ventricles were significantly more common in OSMS than in CMS. Pathologically, periventricular lesions in CMS extended deeply into the white matter, while those in OSMS were confined to periventricular areas. T cell infiltration in lesions was prominent in CMS but not in OSMS. Although severe axonal loss and cavity formation were commonly seen in periventricular and spinal cord lesions in OSMS, lymphocytic infiltrates and vessel wall thickening were observed only in the latter. Thus, we suggested that anterior periventricular linear lesions without ovoid ones are characteristic of OSMS. Multiple Sclerosis 2008; 14: 343—353. http://msj.sagepub.com

scholarly journals Hypothermia in Multiple Sclerosis: Beyond the Hypothalamus? A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Francesco Berti ◽  
Zeeshan Arif ◽  
Cris Constantinescu ◽  
Bruno Gran
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Secondary Progressive ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Spinal Mri ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Brain

Hypothermia is a rare and poorly understood complication of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). We report on a 66-year-old patient currently with Secondary Progressive MS (SP-MS) who developed unexplained hypothermia associated with multiple hospitalisations and we review the literature on this topic. In our case, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain failed to highlight hypothalamic disease, but spinal MRI identified a number of spinal cord lesions. Given the incidence and clinical significance of spinal involvement in MS and the hypothermic disturbances observed in high Spinal Cord Injury (SCI), we hypothesise that upper spinal cord pathology, along with hypothalamic and brainstem dysfunctions, can contribute to hypothermia.

scholarly journals MRI of the Entire Spinal Cord—Worth the While or Waste of Time? A Retrospective Study of 74 Patients with Multiple Sclerosis

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1424
Author(s):  
Esben Nyborg Poulsen ◽  
Anna Olsson ◽  
Stefan Gustavsen ◽  
Annika Reynberg Langkilde ◽  
Annette Bang Oturai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cervical Spinal Cord ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Mcdonald Criteria ◽  
Chi Square Test

Spinal cord lesions are included in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS), yet spinal cord MRI is not mandatory for diagnosis according to the latest revisions of the McDonald Criteria. We investigated the distribution of spinal cord lesions in MS patients and examined how it influences the fulfillment of the 2017 McDonald Criteria. Seventy-four patients with relapsing-remitting MS were examined with brain and entire spinal cord MRI. Sixty-five patients received contrast. The number and anatomical location of MS lesions were assessed along with the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). A Chi-square test, Fischer’s exact test, and one-sided McNemar’s test were used to test distributions. MS lesions were distributed throughout the spinal cord. Diagnosis of dissemination in space (DIS) was increased from 58/74 (78.4%) to 67/74 (90.5%) when adding cervical spinal cord MRI to brain MRI alone (p = 0.004). Diagnosis of dissemination in time (DIT) was not significantly increased when adding entire spinal cord MRI to brain MRI alone (p = 0.04). There was no association between the number of spinal cord lesions and the EDSS score (p = 0.71). MS lesions are present throughout the spinal cord, and spinal cord MRI may play an important role in the diagnosis and follow-up of MS patients.

scholarly journals Multiple Sclerosis Of The Spinal Cord: Is Gadolinium Irreplaceable In Assessing Lesion Activity?

2013 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 158-161
Author(s):  
Constantina Andrada Treabă ◽  
M Buruian ◽  
Rodica Bălașa ◽  
Maria Daniela Podeanu ◽  
I P Simu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Type I ◽  
Focal Lesions ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Active Lesion

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between the T2 patterns of spinal cord multiple sclerosis lesions and their contrast uptake. Material and method: We retrospectively reviewed the appearance of spinal cord lesions in 29 patients (with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis) who had signs and symptoms of myelopathy on neurologic examination and at least one active lesion visualized on magnetic resonance examinations performed between 2004 and 2011. We correlated the T2 patterns of lesions with contrast enhancement and calculated sensitivity and specificity in predicting gadolinium enhancement. Results: Only focal patterns consisting of a lesion’s center homogenously brighter than its periphery on T2-weighed images (type I) correlated significantly with the presence of contrast enhancement (p = 0.004). Sensitivity was 0.307 and specificity 0.929. In contrast, enhancement was not significantly related to uniformly hyperintense T2 focal lesions (type II) or diffuse (type III) pattern defined as poorly delineated areas of multiple small, confluent, subtle hyperintense T2 lesions (p > 0.5 for both). Conclusions: We believe that information about the activity of multiple sclerosis spinal cord lesions in patients with myelopathy may be extracted not only from contrast enhanced, but also from non-enhanced magnetic resonance images.

3D PSIR MRI at 3 Tesla improves detection of spinal cord lesions in multiple sclerosis

2019 ◽  
Vol 267 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mirafzal ◽  
A. Goujon ◽  
R. Deschamps ◽  
K. Zuber ◽  
J. C. Sadik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
3 Tesla ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions

scholarly journals A Critical Evaluation of Current Concepts in Cerebral Palsy

Physiology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 216-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joline E. Brandenburg ◽  
Matthew J. Fogarty ◽  
Gary C. Sieck
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Animal Models ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Spastic Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Diagnostic Symptoms ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
The Brain

Spastic cerebral palsy (CP), despite the name, is not consistently identifiable by specific brain lesions. CP animal models focus on risk factors for development of CP, yet few reproduce the diagnostic symptoms. Animal models of CP must advance beyond risk factors to etiologies, including both the brain and spinal cord.

Spinal Cord Lesions Predict Disability Progression in Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 238-239
Author(s):  
S. Mrabet ◽  
A. Souissi ◽  
F. Larnaout ◽  
I. Kacem ◽  
L. Hmissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Disability Progression ◽  
Spinal Cord Lesions ◽  
Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis
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