Design and Analysis of Surveys

2018 ◽  
pp. 434-456
Author(s):  
Ana R Martins ◽  
Inês C. R Henriques ◽  
Andre Brunoni ◽  
Felipe Fregni
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Survey Research ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Instrument Design ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Legal And Ethical Issues

This chapter discusses the most important aspects of designing, administrating, and analyzing surveys in clinical research. It highlights the different topics of the main stages of survey research. It reviews the design and planning phase, especially focusing on the definition of the survey research question. It discusses the process of instrument design, from planning and development to pre-test and validation, types of sampling, and methods for survey administration. It also reviews the importance of the data analysis plan and report. Furthermore, it refers to potential problems and pitfalls, as well as legal and ethical issues encountered when conducting surveys, and strategies to address them. Finally, it includes a case study and explores different questions to be addressed when using surveys in clinical research.

scholarly journals How can we improve the final year dissertation? A consideration of ethics, quality, and one-to-one supervision.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Diarmuid Verrier ◽  
Catherine Day
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Supervisory Relationship ◽  
Ethical Concerns ◽  
Potential Problems ◽  
One To One ◽  
Ethical Clearance

The final year dissertation is seen across many degrees as a capstone achievement. It is set apart from other assessments in terms of its magnitude, its requirement for originality, and the autonomy that students must show in completing it. It is also unique in that it is traditionally carried out within the context of a one-to-one supervisory relationship. However, dissertation modules are prey to a number of problems. First, the person carrying out the research may have difficulty in framing a quality, or even a feasible, research question. Second, where dissertations are based on original empirical work, ethical concerns are particularly crucial, but the ability of the student-researcher to appropriately engage with those concerns is substantially less than that of a mature researcher. Third, support comes from a single source, but the supervisory relationship may be poor, or perceived as poor relative to the supervision experienced by peers. This case study describes a suite of changes that were made to one dissertation module to ameliorate these potential problems. Specifically, supervisors create project frameworks that students work within and the responsibility for getting ethical clearance for these is a supervisor’s responsibility. In addition, a substantial programme of specialised support sessions was created to supplement supervision. We argue that these changes did not significantly undermine the autonomy and originality requirements of the module, and present evidence that suggests they had a substantial positive impact on students’ learning experience and academic achievement. Ideas for further ways in which the dissertation module could be improved are discussed.

scholarly journals An Analysis of EFL Students’ Difficulties in Writing At The Second Grade of SMAN 1 Wundulako

Tamaddun ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-109
Author(s):  
Bimas Reskiawan ◽  
Nasmah Riyani ◽  
Satriyani Satriyani
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Data Display ◽  
The Third ◽  
Content Organization ◽  
Efl Students

This research was conducted to investigate the most difficult aspect faced by students in writing. The research question addressed in this research was: “what is the most difficult aspect faced by the students in writing?”.The design of this research was a case study. In conducting this research, the researcher took class XI IPA 1 of SMAN 1 Wundulako as a subject of the research with considerable that the class have the low est score in writing. The researcher used two kinds of data collection. They were questionnaire and interview.  The sample of the research was class IX IPA 1 which consisted of 28 students. While in analyzing the data, the researcher analyzed the data of questionnaire by using the formula which proposed by Nazir and for the data of interview the researcher used technique of data analysis proposed Ngabut such as data reduction, data display and verifying and conclusion. In representing the analysis, it was found out that the students of SMAN 1 Wundulako especially in the second grade class XI IPA 1 got four difficulties in writing. They were content organization vocabulary and grammar. From four aspects of three components, the vocabulary mastery aspect was considered as the difficult aspects that faced by the students in writing. The third statement of vocabulary aspect in the questionnaire was a  difficulties that often faced by the students. It was shown by the result of questionnaire and interview with the percentage  3,53  mean  and  writng  test     also  to  support  its  students  lack vocabulary, its concluded students of SMAN 1 Wundulako difficulties in writing.

Legal and ethical issues in neonatal nursing: a case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (44) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
Victoria Hagger ◽  
Catherine Ellis ◽  
Laura Strumidlo
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Neonatal Nursing ◽  
Legal And Ethical Issues

scholarly journals Smart Economy and Startup Enterprises in the Visegrád Countries—A Comparative Analysis Based on the Crunchbase Database

Smart Cities ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1477-1494
Author(s):  
Petra Kinga Kézai ◽  
Szabolcs Fischer ◽  
Mihály Lados
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Research Question ◽  
City Model ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Visegrád Countries

The present study seeks to explore the concept of “smart economy” through the definition of the smart city. It also presents smart city subsystems and the smart city model. It focuses on smart and creative startups within the smart city model. The research examines medium-sized cities in the Visegrád countries (Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary) with a population ranging from 100,000 to 1 million inhabitants for startups. The research question is: Where are the medium-sized cities in the Visegrád countries that are both startup centers and smart cities? In the course of the research, the term “smart cities” was based on the definition set by the European Commission and the definition of startup centers was made using data analysis of the American Crunchbase database. As a result of the two studies, it can be concluded that there are no cities in the Visegrád countries with an above average level of both startup presence and smart cities.

LIBNET

2011 ◽  
pp. 324-344
Author(s):  
A. S.C. Hooper
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
The Other ◽  
Library Network ◽  
Reduced Costs ◽  
Machine Readable ◽  
Machine Readable Form ◽  
Legal And Ethical Issues

In any cooperative database the participants contribute their data for their own as well as the benefit of the other members, usually with incentives from the database administrators. A South African library network company (LIBNET) provided a networked service to participating libraries. Member benefits included conversion of their catalogues into machine-readable form, significantly reduced costs through cooperative cataloguing and more efficient interlibrary loans through a union catalogue of the holdings of the participant libraries. This case study explores some of the issues influencing tariff determination in a cooperative database. Questions of data ownership and the provision of incentives for the uploading of data also raise legal and ethical issues. The case study provides a basis for exploring business strategy in collaborative database management.

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