scholarly journals Control of transcription elongation by GreA determines rate of gene expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (17) ◽  
pp. 10987-10999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Yuzenkova ◽  
Pamela Gamba ◽  
Martijn Herber ◽  
Laetitia Attaiech ◽  
Sulman Shafeeq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Transcription Elongation

Linking transcription, RNA polymerase II elongation and alternative splicing

2020 ◽  
Vol 477 (16) ◽  
pp. 3091-3104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana E. Giono ◽  
Alberto R. Kornblihtt
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Rna Polymerase Ii ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Regulation Of Transcription ◽  
Stepping Stones ◽  
Eukaryotic Transcription

Gene expression is an intricately regulated process that is at the basis of cell differentiation, the maintenance of cell identity and the cellular responses to environmental changes. Alternative splicing, the process by which multiple functionally distinct transcripts are generated from a single gene, is one of the main mechanisms that contribute to expand the coding capacity of genomes and help explain the level of complexity achieved by higher organisms. Eukaryotic transcription is subject to multiple layers of regulation both intrinsic — such as promoter structure — and dynamic, allowing the cell to respond to internal and external signals. Similarly, alternative splicing choices are affected by all of these aspects, mainly through the regulation of transcription elongation, making it a regulatory knob on a par with the regulation of gene expression levels. This review aims to recapitulate some of the history and stepping-stones that led to the paradigms held today about transcription and splicing regulation, with major focus on transcription elongation and its effect on alternative splicing.

scholarly journals BOX Elements Modulate Gene Expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae: Impact on the Fine-Tuning of Competence Development

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (23) ◽  
pp. 8307-8312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eivind Knutsen ◽  
Ola Johnsborg ◽  
Yves Quentin ◽  
Jean-Pierre Claverys ◽  
Leiv Sigve Håvarstein
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Competence Development ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Genomic Plasticity ◽  
Affect Expression ◽  
Intergenic Regions

ABSTRACT More than 100 BOX elements are randomly distributed in intergenic regions of the pneumococcal genome. Here we demonstrate that these elements can affect expression of neighboring genes and present evidence that they are mobile. Together, our findings show that BOX elements enhance genetic diversity and genomic plasticity in Streptococcus pneumoniae.

scholarly journals Immunization with Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Serotype 3 and Lipopolysaccharide Modulates Lung and Liver Inflammation during a Virulent Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection in Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 639-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine H. Restori ◽  
Mary J. Kennett ◽  
A. Catharine Ross
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Acute Phase ◽  
Acute Phase Proteins ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Cytokine Gene Expression ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Pneumonia Severity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Amyloid A

ABSTRACTVaccination reduces morbidity and mortality from pneumonia, but its effect on the tissue-level response to infection is still poorly understood. We evaluated pneumonia disease progression, acute-phase response, and lung gene expression profiles in mice inoculated intranasally with virulent Gram-positiveStreptococcus pneumoniaeserotype 3 (ST 3) with and without prior immunization with pneumococcal polysaccharide ST 3 (PPS3) or after coimmunization with PPS3 and a low dose of lipopolysaccharide (PPS3+LPS). Pneumonia severity was assessed in the acute phase at 5, 12, 24 and 48 h postinoculation (p.i.) and in the resolution phase at 7 days p.i. Primary PPS3-specific antibody production was upregulated, and IgM binding to pneumococci increased in PPS3-immunized mice. Immunizations with PPS3 or PPS3+LPS decreased bacterial recovery in the lung and blood at 24 and 48 h and increased survival. Microarray analysis of whole-lung RNA revealed significant changes in the acute-phase protein serum amyloid A (SAA) levels between noninfected and infected mice, and these changes were attenuated by immunization. SAA transcripts were higher in the liver and lungs of infected controls, and SAA protein was elevated in serum but decreased in PPS3-immunized mice. Thus, during a virulent pneumonia infection, prior immunization with PPS3 in an IgM-dependent manner as well as immunization with PPS3+LPS attenuated pneumonia severity and promoted resolution of infection, concomitant with significant regulation of cytokine gene expression levels in the lungs and acute-phase proteins in the lungs, liver, and serum.

scholarly journals Synthetic gene regulatory networks in the opportunistic human pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin A. Sorg ◽  
Clement Gallay ◽  
Jan-Willem Veening
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Combinatorial Libraries ◽  
Regulatory Elements ◽  
Expression Control ◽  
Gene Expression Control

AbstractStreptococcus pneumoniae can cause disease in various human tissues and organs, including the ear, the brain, the blood and the lung, and thus in highly diverse and dynamic environments. It is challenging to study how pneumococci control virulence factor expression, because cues of natural environments and the presence of an immune system are difficult to simulate in vitro. Here, we apply synthetic biology methods to reverse-engineer gene expression control in S. pneumoniae. A selection platform is described that allows for straightforward identification of transcriptional regulatory elements out of combinatorial libraries. We present TetR- and LacI-regulated promoters that show expression ranges of four orders of magnitude. Based on these promoters, regulatory networks of higher complexity are assembled, such as logic AND and IMPLY gates. Finally, we demonstrate single-copy genome-integrated toggle switches that give rise to bimodal population distributions. The tools described here can be used to mimic complex expression patterns, such as the ones found for pneumococcal virulence factors, paving the way for in vivo investigations of the importance of gene expression control on the pathogenicity of S. pneumoniae.

Dynamic changes of TrkB gene expression in Streptococcus pneumoniae meningitis after treatment with antibiotics and dexamethasone

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Li ◽  
Quan-Xiang Shui ◽  
Zheng-Yan Zhao ◽  
Xiao-Dong Zhu ◽  
Wei-Qing Bao
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Dynamic Changes

Bactericidal effect of bovine lactoferrin and synthetic peptide lactoferrin chimera in Streptococcus pneumoniae and the decrease in luxS gene expression by lactoferrin

BioMetals ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 969-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nidia León-Sicairos ◽  
Uriel A. Angulo-Zamudio ◽  
Jorge E. Vidal ◽  
Cynthia A. López-Torres ◽  
Jan G. M. Bolscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Synthetic Peptide ◽  
Bactericidal Effect ◽  
Bovine Lactoferrin ◽  
Luxs Gene

scholarly journals Gene expression profiling of the response of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin

2007 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 616-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. David Rogers ◽  
Teresa T. Liu ◽  
Katherine S. Barker ◽  
George M. Hilliard ◽  
B. Keith English ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Gene Expression Profiling ◽  
Expression Profiling

scholarly journals Effects of mRNA degradation and site-specific transcriptional pausing on protein expression noise

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangjin Kim ◽  
Christine Jacobs-Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Transcription Initiation ◽  
Gene Evolution ◽  
Phenotypic Variability ◽  
Transcription Elongation ◽  
Mrna Degradation ◽  
Bacterial Gene ◽  
Expression Noise ◽  
Bacterial Gene Expression

AbstractGenetically identical cells exhibit diverse phenotypes, even when experiencing the same environment. This phenomenon, in part, originates from cell-to-cell variability (noise) in protein expression. While various kinetic schemes of stochastic transcription initiation are known to affect gene expression noise, how post-transcription initiation events contribute to noise at the protein level remains incompletely understood. To address this question, we developed a stochastic simulation-based model of bacterial gene expression that integrates well-known dependencies between transcription initiation, transcription elongation dynamics, mRNA degradation and translation. We identified realistic conditions under which mRNA lifetime and transcriptional pauses modulate the protein expression noise initially introduced by the promoter architecture. For instance, we found that the short lifetime of bacterial mRNAs facilitates the production of protein bursts. Conversely, RNA polymerase (RNAP) pausing at specific sites during transcription elongation can attenuate protein bursts by fluidizing the RNAP traffic to the point of erasing the effect of a bursty promoter. Pause-prone sites, if located close to the promoter, can also affect noise indirectly by reducing both transcription and translation initiation due to RNAP and ribosome congestion. Our findings highlight how the interplay between transcription initiation, transcription elongation, translation and mRNA degradation shapes the distribution in protein numbers. They also have implications for our understanding of gene evolution and suggest combinatorial strategies for modulating phenotypic variability by genetic engineering.

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