scholarly journals Tobacco Advertisement Liking, Vulnerability Factors, and Tobacco Use Among Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 300-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianna A Lienemann ◽  
Shyanika W Rose ◽  
Jennifer B Unger ◽  
Helen I Meissner ◽  
M Justin Byron ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vulnerability Factors ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Advertising Exposure ◽  
Marketing Messages ◽  
Lower Educational Attainment

Abstract Introduction Young adulthood (aged 18–24) is a crucial period in the development of long-term tobacco use patterns. Tobacco advertising and promotion lead to the initiation and continuation of smoking among young adults. We examined whether vulnerability factors moderated the association between tobacco advertisement liking and tobacco use in the United States. Methods Analyses were conducted among 9109 US young adults in the nationally representative Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study wave 1 (2013–14). Participants viewed 20 randomly selected sets of tobacco advertisements (five each for cigarettes, e-cigarettes, cigars, and smokeless tobacco) and indicated whether they liked each ad. The outcome variables were past 30-day cigarette, e-cigarette, cigar, and smokeless tobacco use. Covariates included tobacco advertisement liking, age, sex, race or ethnicity, sexual orientation, education, poverty level, military service, and internalizing and externalizing mental health symptoms. Results Liking tobacco advertisements was associated with tobacco use, and this association was particularly strong among those with lower educational attainment (cigarettes, cigars) and living below the poverty level (e-cigarettes, smokeless tobacco). Conclusions The association between tobacco advertisement liking and tobacco use was stronger among young adults with lower educational attainment and those living below the poverty level. Policies that restrict advertising exposure and promote counter-marketing messages in this population could reduce their risk. Implications This study shows that liking tobacco advertisements is associated with current tobacco use among young adults, with stronger associations for vulnerable young adults (ie, lower education levels and living below the poverty level). Findings suggest a need for counter-marketing messages, policies that restrict advertising exposure, and educational interventions such as health and media literacy interventions to address the negative influences of tobacco advertisements, especially among young adults with a high school education or less and those living below the poverty level.

Educational attainment among young adults experiencing homelessness in seven cities across the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 119 ◽  
pp. 105676
Author(s):  
Stephanie Chassman ◽  
Danielle Maude Littman ◽  
Kimberly Bender ◽  
Diane Santa Maria ◽  
Jama Shelton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
The United States

Smokeless Tobacco Use in the United States: Present and Future Trends

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen R. Gritz ◽  
Charles Ksir ◽  
William J. McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco Use

scholarly journals Tobacco Use by Sexual Identity Among Young Adults in the United States

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1822-1831 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Rath ◽  
A. C. Villanti ◽  
R. A. Rubenstein ◽  
D. M. Vallone
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Identity ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
The United States

Building a Systems Dynamic Model of Smokeless Tobacco Use in Mumbai

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Schensul
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Community Research ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco Use ◽  
International Research Team

In this paper, I review the steps our international research team followed in transforming an ethnographic description of drivers of smokeless tobacco use into systems dynamic model with potential for calibration and quantification. In 2010, the Institute for Community Research (ICR) and the National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH) mounted a mixed methods ethnographic study funded by the National Cancer Institute and the United States Fogarty Center to examine factors associated with smokeless tobacco (SLT) among women of reproductive health age (PIs Jean Schensul for ICR and Saritha Nair for NIRRH). Smokeless tobacco in many different forms is very widely used throughout South and Southeast Asia, with negative health consequences including poor birth outcomes and rates among women are increasing.

Social and Racial Differences in Selection of Breast Cancer Adjuvant Chemotherapy Regimens

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18) ◽  
pp. 2522-2527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Griggs ◽  
Eva Culakova ◽  
Melony E.S. Sorbero ◽  
Marek S. Poniewierski ◽  
Debra A. Wolff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Black Women ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cancer Outcomes ◽  
Black Race ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Lower Educational Attainment

Purpose Breast cancer outcomes are worse among black women and women of lower socioeconomic status. The purpose of this study was to investigate racial and social differences in selection of breast cancer adjuvant chemotherapy regimens. Methods Detailed information on patient, disease, and treatment factors was collected prospectively on 957 patients who were receiving breast cancer adjuvant chemotherapy in 101 oncology practices throughout the United States. Adjuvant chemotherapy regimens included in any of several published guidelines were considered standard. Receipt of nonstandard regimens was examined according to clinical and nonclinical factors. Differences between groups were assessed using χ2 tests. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with use of nonstandard regimens. Results Black race (P = .008), lower educational attainment (P = .003), age ≥ 70 years (P = .001), higher stage (P < .0001), insurance type (P = .048), employment status (P = .045), employment type (P = .025), and geographic location (P = .021) were associated with the use of nonstandard regimens in univariate analyses. In multivariate analysis, black race (P = .020), lower educational attainment (P = .024), age ≥ 70 years (P = .032), and higher stage (P < .0001) were associated with receipt of nonstandard regimens. Conclusion The more frequent use of non–guideline-concordant adjuvant chemotherapy regimens in black women and women with lower educational attainment may contribute to less favorable outcomes in these populations. Addressing such differences in care may improve cancer outcomes in vulnerable populations.

scholarly journals Nativity Status and Poly Tobacco Use among Young Adults in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peace C. Okpala ◽  
Carrie Rosario ◽  
Melissa J. Dupont-Reyes ◽  
Michelle Y. Martin Romero ◽  
Md Towfiqul Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
The United States ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Tobacco Products ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Nativity Status ◽  
The Us

Introduction: Young adults are the second largest segment of the immigrant population in the United States (US). Given recent trends in later age of initiation of tobacco use, we examined variation in use of tobacco products by nativity status for this population group. Methods: Our study included young adults 18-30 years of age sampled in the National Health Interview Survey (2015-2019), a nationally representative sample of the US population. We calculated prevalence of use of any and 2 or more tobacco products (cigarettes, cigars, pipes, e-cigarettes, and smokeless tobacco) for foreign-born (n=3,096) and US-born (n=6,811) young adults. Logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, race-ethnicity, education, and poverty, while accounting for the complex survey design. Results: Foreign-born young adults were significantly less likely to use any tobacco product (Cigarette = 7.3% vs 10.7%; Cigar= 1.8% vs 4.8%; E-cigarette= 2.3% vs 4.5%, respectively; p&lt;0.01) or poly tobacco use (1.9% vs. 4.2%; p&lt;0.01) than US-born young adults. Adjusted regression models showed lower odds of poly tobacco use among the foreign-born than their US-born counterparts (Odds Ratio = 0.41, (95% Confidence Interval: 0.26-0.63)). Conclusion: Findings highlight the importance of targeted interventions by nativity status and further tobacco prevention efforts needed for the US-born.

Epidemiology of smokeless tobacco use in the United States and other countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-71
Author(s):  
Gretchen McHenry ◽  
Stephanie J. Parker ◽  
Dalia Khoury ◽  
Kevin P. Conway
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
The United States ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco Use

Factors Influencing Smoking Among Indigenous Adolescents Aged 10–24 Years Living in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United States: A Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 1946-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina L Heris ◽  
Catherine Chamberlain ◽  
Lina Gubhaju ◽  
David P Thomas ◽  
Sandra J Eades
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Indigenous Adolescents ◽  
Environmental Level

Abstract Introduction Smoking rates are higher among Indigenous populations in most high-income countries with initiation primarily occurring in adolescence for all population groups. This review aims to identify protective and risk factors for smoking behavior among Indigenous adolescents and young adults. Aims and Methods We searched Medline, Embase, and Psychinfo for all original research published between January 2006 and December 2016 that reported influences on smoking for Indigenous adolescents or young adults aged 10–24 living in Australia, New Zealand, Canada, and the United States (US). Extracted data were coded to individual, social, and environmental level categories using a modified Theory of Triadic Influence framework. Results A total of 55 studies were included, 41 were descriptive quantitative and 14 qualitative, and 26 included Indigenous participants only. The majority were from the US (32). Frequently reported influences were at the individual and social levels such as increasing age; attitudes and knowledge; substance use; peer and family relationships; smoking norms; mental health; physical activity. At the environmental level, smoke-free spaces; second-hand smoke exposure; high community level prevalence; and social marketing campaigns were also frequently reported. Some studies referenced price, access, and traditional tobacco use. Few reported historical and cultural factors. Conclusions Young Indigenous people experience similar influences to other populations such as smoking among family and friends. Greater youth smoking is related to broader community level prevalence, but few studies explore the distal or historical contributing factors such as traditional tobacco use, colonization, experiences of intergenerational trauma and discrimination, or the role of cultural connection. Implications This review identified a range of factors that influence Indigenous youth smoking and contributes to an understanding of what prevention measures may be effective. Youth tobacco use occurs alongside other substance use and may also serve as an indicator of mental health. Comprehensive community-based programs that work more broadly to address the risk factors related to tobacco, including improving youth mental health, will be important for other behaviors as well. This research highlights the importance of social influence and need for ongoing denormalization of smoking. Future Indigenous led and community owned research is needed to identify likely protective cultural factors.

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