scholarly journals Incidence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infections in Africa: A Systematic Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharanya Rajagopal ◽  
Amalia Magaret ◽  
Nelly Mugo ◽  
Anna Wald
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
High Risk Sexual Behavior ◽  
Vaccine Trials ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Simplex Virus

Abstract The burden of HSV type 2 varies substantially by region, with the highest incidence and prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. We undertook a systematic review to identify studies reporting prospective data on incidence rates in men and women in Africa. Of 18 eligible studies, 7 were conducted in high-risk populations. Among women, incidence rates appeared to be higher in those with high-risk sexual behavior, with rates ranging from 3 to 23 per 100 person-years. In contrast, incidence rates in men appeared to be lower, ranging from 1 to 12 per 100 person-years. Risk factors for HSV-2 in women included prevalent human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, younger age at sexual initiation, and sexual activity. Among men, condom use and circumcision had a protective effect, whereas prevalent HIV increased the risk of HSV-2 acquisition. This review draws attention to the high HSV-2 acquisition rates reported in Africa, thereby identifying an efficient setting for preventative HSV-2 vaccine trials.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of herpes simplex virus type 2 in sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic review, meta-analyses, and meta-regressions

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 100876
Author(s):  
Manale Harfouche ◽  
Farah M. Abu-Hijleh ◽  
Charlotte James ◽  
Katharine J. Looker ◽  
Laith J. Abu-Raddad
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Meta Analyses

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Antibodies Among Low- and High-Risk Populations in Indonesia

2007 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Davies ◽  
Janette A. Taylor ◽  
Endang R. Sedyaningsih-Mamahit ◽  
Suriadi Gunawan ◽  
Anthony L. Cunningham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
High Risk Populations ◽  
Simplex Virus

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus in children

2011 ◽  
pp. 1838-1848
Author(s):  
Krystyna A. Matyka
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Low Incidence

The global incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in childhood is increasing, with the greatest rise occurring in younger children (under five years of age). Data suggest that the annual rise is of the order of 3% and that changes in incidence figures are also occurring in those countries that have traditionally had low incidence rates of type 1 diabetes. Data collated for the IDF Diabetes Atlas suggest that one-quarter of all children with type 1 diabetes reside in Southeast Asia and more than a fifth are from Europe. However, data ascertainment from developing countries in sub-Saharan Africa and South America can be poor, so these figures may be misleading. Table 13.4.7.1 summarizes the data from 2007 examining incidence and prevalence by region (where available) (1). The reasons for the increasing prevalence of childhood diabetes are unclear. Improvements in diagnosis and management in developing countries may account for some of the increasing prevalence in these parts of the world. Some studies also suggest that the rise in type 1 diabetes may reflect the rise in childhood obesity, and that type 1 and type 2 diabetes may represent points on a spectrum of disease: the so-called ‘accelerator hypothesis’. Type 2 diabetes is also becoming common in children, associated with increasing rates of obesity and physical inertia. Whatever the causes, the challenges of the management of diabetes in children and young people are significant. Audit data highlight significant problems, with many children experiencing poor glycaemic control (2). This chapter aims to explore the special considerations of diabetes in the young.

scholarly journals Performance of the BioPlex 2200 Multiplexing Immunoassay Platform for the Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Specific Antibodies in African Settings

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 1191-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérôme LeGoff ◽  
Gérard Grésenguet ◽  
Chrysostome Gody ◽  
Jean De Dieu Longo ◽  
Nzambi Khonde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 2

ABSTRACTThe BioPlex platform was evaluated for the detection of herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) antibodies in sub-Saharan Africa individuals in comparison to clinicovirological standards and compared to HerpeSelect. The sensitivities and specificities were, respectively, 88.9% and 93.5% for BioPlex and 89.9% and 92.7% for HerpeSelect. The agreement between both assays was 95.7%.

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