scholarly journals Syphilis? An Unusual Cause of Surgical Emergency in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Man

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Bender Ignacio ◽  
Lisa L. Koch ◽  
Shireesha Dhanireddy ◽  
B. Charmie Godornes ◽  
Sheila A. Lukehart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Treponema Pallidum ◽  
Secondary Syphilis ◽  
Anorectal Surgery ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Surgical Emergency ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Anorectal Pathology

Abstract We report on a human immunodeficiency virus-infected man undergoing urgent anorectal surgery, with multi-centimeter fungating masses discovered inside the anus. Initial pathology was inconclusive. After the patient developed a disseminated rash postoperatively determined to be secondary syphilis, the anorectal pathology was reviewed and Treponema pallidum DNA was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from the mass.

scholarly journals Introduction of NAT-testing for infections for screening blood donors in Republic of Kazakhstan

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 414-417
Author(s):  
T N Savchuk ◽  
Z K Burkitbaev ◽  
S A Abdrakhmanova ◽  
S V Skorikova ◽  
N S Kuz’min
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Hepatitis C Virus ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of NAT-screening (nucleic acid amplification technologies) for infections in blood donors in Kazakhstan. Methods. Statistical data of blood donors screening examinations in the Republic of Kazakhstan in 2012-2014 were evaluated. Results. In 2014, the number of examined donors increased by 3.4% compared with 2012. The number of deferrals due to positive screening results for serological markers decreased by 10.9%, while the share of such donors decreased by 13.8% [p <0.01; odds ratio (OR) - 0.86, 95% confidence interval (CI 95%) - 0.83-0.88); χ2=136.76]. In 2014, 100% of donations were screened using NAT-testing (312,510 donors). Most of the NAT-screening in Kazakhstan is performed using closed automated systems. In 2012, 1 Blood Center conducted a polymerase chain reaction screening by open circuit polymerase chain reaction systems, in 5 blood centers polymerase chain reaction was performed with manual sample preparation. In 2014, the number of deferrals due to positive NAT-testing results has increased by 44.3%, the share of such donors - by 38.7% (p <0.01; OR=1.39, 95% CI=1.15-1.67); χ2=11.82). Seronegative NAT-positive samples were discovered according to the results of discriminant test, including human immunodeficiency virus - 2 (0.8%) samples, hepatitis B virus -182 (73.4%), hepatitis C virus - 60 (24.2%), negative result - 4 (1.6%). Conclusion. The introduction of screening NAT-testing of donated blood prevented transfusion of blood infected with: human immunodeficiency virus - 1 in 150,000 donations, hepatitis B virus - 1 in 1.650 donations, hepatitis C virus - 1 in 5,000 donations.

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