Advice about Decisions
Professionals, such as financial planners, may advise their clients or, with authorization, make decisions for their clients. A typical goal is an act that the client may perform if rational and informed. Mean-risk evaluation of acts assists a professional with this goal. Using it, a professional may evaluate an act by calculating for the client an informed attitude to the act’s risk and an informed attitude to the act’s consequences ignoring the act’s risk. In special cases, nonquantitative analogues of mean-risk evaluation apply. The method’s separation of probability assignments by a professional and utility assignments by a client does not create a separation of fact and value that neglects inductive risk.