The bed: element of peasant furniture on the territory of the Republic of Moldova, late XIX - middle of XX century

In this article, our attention is focused on the BED as an element of peasant furniture, on the territory of the Republic of Moldova (late nineteenth century - mid-twentieth century). The bed derives in most cases from the bench. As furniture with a special shape, the bed appears in the rural house in the 19th century, first in wealthy families. It is more widespread in the interwar period and after the Second World War. According to the system of joining the parts, the classification of beds can be divided into two categories: beds joined in «feather and gutter»; beds joined with «plug and hollow». The tables present the largest decoration of the bed through various wavy profiles, through variations of planes, turned parts, in rare cases decorated with simple paintings or by imitation veneer. The detailed analysis of the peasant furniture, and of the beds, in particular, starting from the craftsman, who made this furniture, the execution and decoration technique used, tell us about the tendencies of a period, which is worth following closely to better understand the artistic peculiarities of the furniture and traditional art.

Consept Analysis: Acehnese Ethnic Style Party Fashion Design

In general, this research is an effort to preserve culture, especially the culture of dress, by digging deeper into the current Acehnese ethnic clothing, then using it as a source of ideas to create a party dress design with Acehnese ethnic nuances. The research approach used is qualitative, with ethnographic methods. There are currently 5 ethnic Acehnese clothing, namely coastal Aceh, inland Aceh, mountainous Aceh, Aneuk Jame, and Tamiang. Of the five types of Acehnese ethnic clothing that exist today, there are several differences, namely in the type of material, color of material, form of decoration (motif), color of decoration, technique of application of decoration and fashion model. Each ethnic dress has a characteristic that distinguishes one ethnic dress from another, which is said to be an identity.

Analytical investigation of the feather decoration technique of a seventeenth to eighteenth century Chinese imperial hanging screen

Decoration with feathers is a universal phenomenon in human history. Objects decorated with feathers were regarded as fine artworks and hence were enormously prized. In ancient China, dotting a surface with blue kingfisher feathers was a famous, complex and delicate decoration technique called diancui. Although various ancient diancui artworks appear in many museums around the world and researchers have realized significant results in studies of the history, technique and conservation of diancui, some key historical details are still not clear. In this research performed during restoration, an important object from the Palace Museum, the “Feather Decoration Hanging Screen with Birds and Flowers Pattern”, was analyzed by various scientific technologies. This object is a Chinese imperial artwork of the Qing dynasty (seventeenth to eighteenth century) decorated with kingfisher feathers and the feathers of several other birds, and it represents the highest level of this period. As a typical and valuable case, the results provide important clues for solving questions arising from related academic fields.

Analytical Investigation Into Feather Decoration Technique of 17th-18th Century Chinese Royal Hanging Screen

Decoration with feather was a universal phenomenon in human history. Objects decorated with feathers were regarded as fine artworks and hence were enormously prized. In ancient China, dotting a surface with kingfisher-feather blue was the most famous, complex and delicate feather decoration technique, called diancui. Although various ancient diancui artworks appear in many museums around the world and some researches have achieved significant results on the history, technique and conservation of diancui, but some key historical details are still not clear. In this research, by the opportunity of restoration, an important collection of the Palace Museum - the “Feather Decoration Hanging Screen with Birds and Flowers Pattern” was rounded analyzed by various scientific technologies. This object is a Chinese royal artwork of Qing dynasty (17th-18th century), decorated with kingfisher and several other bird’s feathers, and present the highest level of this period. As a typical and valuable case, the result provides important clues for solving unclear questions for related academic field.

KNIFE ART AND CARRIERS OF INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE IN DUZCE

Traditional arts and professions are the carriers of our culture because they carry historical background. For this reason, traditional arts and professions and cultural heritage are easily transferred to future generations. While knife was a tool that facilitated human life in the early periods, it turned into an art in time. The art of knife and the techniques and methods used in this art have been used for many years in history. Today, there are many artists who want to prevent the art of knife from turning into a craft. They intend to take this art to an even more advanced level. In this study, we interviewed three artists as samples who dealt with knifemaking by addressing the art of knife in Düzce. Interviews and works with the artists are visualized in this work. Thus, what has been done about the art of knife in Düzce, which methods and techniques are applied have been revealed. Along with the previous methods applied to this art, traditional Turkish arts such as marbling, illumination and miniature were used as a surface decoration technique in the art of knife which is a branch of Turkish metal arts. The aim of the study is to show the path that knife art has taken from its historical background to the present day and to show the feasibility of new methods in this field and thus to indicate that knife art is open to development. It is believed that this work, in which interviews and images obtained are evaluated using a descriptive analysis, will contribute to literature related to traditional art and the art of knife. Keywords: Knife art, jewelry, metal art, cultural heritage, traditional art

Selection criteria for evaluating contractors of sgraffito technique in cultural heritage buildings

Sgraffito is a historical decorative technique applied in walls. This decoration could be seen in different European cities or villages. Nowadays, this decoration technique is almost disappeared because of decomposition, inexperience or lack of knowledge. Moreover, the preservation and restoration of sgrafitto technique is the most challenging and important task of cultural heritage buildings’ preservation. Therefore, the preservation of sgraffito depends not only the historic and architectural knowledge, studies or conservation projects of the cultural heritage buildings, but also demands the experience, proper qualification and knowledge of contractor. This paper presents criteria set for selecting sgraffito techniques’ contractor of heritage buildings. The study determines methods, set of criteria for sgraffito technique’s contractor selection, overview of sets the assessment criteria of selecting contractor. The research applies the Analytic Hierarchy Process method (AHP), seeking to determine the critical criteria and to get the weighting for each criterion.

Contractor Selection for Sgraffito Decoration of Cultural Heritage Buildings Using the WASPAS-SVNS Method

Sgraffito is an ancient decorative technique applied in walls, produced by using layers of cement plaster tinted in contrasting colours to a moistened surface. This decoration originated in Italy and has been expanded in different European cities or villages. Nowadays, this decoration technique has almost disappeared because of decomposition, inexperience, or lack of knowledge. The preservation and restoration of the sgraffito technique is the most challenging and vital task of cultural heritage buildings’ preservation. Consequently, the conservation of sgraffito depends not only on the historical and architectural knowledge, studies, and conservation projects of the cultural heritage buildings, but also demands the experience, proper qualification, and knowledge of the contractor. This paper presents six principal criteria. Three possible variants for contractor selection for sgraffito decoration of cultural heritage buildings are proposed, and six principal criteria for their evaluation are suggested. The research employs the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), SWARA (Step-Wise Weights Assessment Ratio Analysis), and WASPAS-SVNS (Weight Aggregated Sum Product Assessment-Single- Valued Neutrosophic Set) methods.

METODE PEMBELAJARAN DEKORASI KERAMIK TEKNIK MARBLE DI SMK NEGERI 1 SUKASADA

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi metode pembelajaran guru DPK Keramik menempatkan peranan guru lebih dominan dibandingkan siswa. Dekorasi keramik yang dibuat, mengolah keramik sebagai fungsi pakai. Bentuk penelitian adalah deskriptif yang bersifat kualitatif. Bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tujuan penelitian pertama sampai dengan ketiga, yaitu (1) menerapkan metode pembelajaran dekorasi keramik teknik marble di SMK Negeri 1 Sukasada, (2) mendeskripsikan keunggulan dan kelemahan metode pembelajaran dekorasi keramik teknik marble di SMK Negeri 1 Sukasada, (3) mendeskripsikan hasil penerapan dekorasi keramik teknik marble di SMK Negeri 1 Sukasada. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi dengan objek penelitian adalah guru dan siswa di jurusan DPK Keramik kelas XI. Hasil penelitian ini adalah (1) data berupa dokumentasi dan deskripsi proses guru dalam menerapkan metode pembelajaran dekorasi keramik teknik marble, yaitu dengan metode yang berpusat pada guru (ceramah dan demonstrasi) yang selanjutnya metode yang dipusatkan kepada siswa (eksperimen, mengajar sesama teman, metode drill dan elaborasi). (2) dari proses guru menerapkan metode maka didapat keunggulan dan kelemahan metode pembelajaran dekorasi keramik teknik marble, metode dengan keunggulan paling banyak adalah eksperimen yaitu 8 keunggulan dan metode dengan kelemahan terbanyak adalah metode ceramah dengan 6 kelemahan. (3) hasil penerapan metode pembelajaran dekorasi keramik teknik marble berupa benda keramik yang sudah diberikan dekorasi marble, karya siswa dengan metode drill dan eksperimen yang diberikan guru, sudah menunjukkan keberhasilan penerapan dekorasi teknik marble. Kata Kunci : Kata- kata kunci: metode pembelajaran, dekorasi keramik, teknik marble This research is based on learning method of teacher of DPK Ceramic put role of teacher more dominant than student. Ceramic decorations are made, ceramic processing as a function of wear. The form of research is descriptive that is qualitative. Aiming to describe the purpose of the first study to the third, namely (1) applying the marble ceramic decoration learning method in SMK Negeri 1 Sukasada, (2) describing the advantages and disadvantages of marble ceramic decoration learning method at SMK Negeri 1 Sukasada, (3 ) describes the result of application of ceramic decoration of marble technique at SMK Negeri 1 Sukasada. This study uses observation data collection techniques, interviews, and documentation with the object of research are teachers and students in the department of Class XI Ceramics. The results of this research are (1) data in the form of documentation and description of teacher process in applying marble ceramic decoration teaching method, that is with teacher-centered method (lecture and demonstration), then the method which is centered to the students (experiment, drill and elaboration). (2) from the process of applying the method teacher then obtained the advantages and disadvantages of marble ceramic decoration learning method, the method with the most advantage is the experiment that is 8 advantages and the method with the most weakness is the lecture method with 6 weaknesses. (3) result of application of marble decoration technique method of marble ceramic that have been given marble decoration, student work with drill method and experiment given by teacher, has shown success of marble technique application implementation. keyword : Keywords: learning method, ceramic decoration, marble technique