Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Brogaard
Keyword(s):  
Visual Experience ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Common Complaint ◽  
Argumentative Strategy ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Insight Into

Seeing and Saying is an extended defense of the view that visual experience in creatures like us is fundamentally representational. The majority of the author’s arguments rest on the semantics of ‘seem’, ‘look’, and ‘see’ and the corresponding mental states. In the introduction to the book, the author reflects on the question of what has caused the relatively sudden interest in the question of whether experience is representational, as witnessed in the last two decades. The author then discusses the common complaint against the argumentative strategy that language cannot in general be thought to provide insight into the nature of the world. Finally, the author provides an overview of the main arguments and the structure of the book.

Seeing and Saying

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Berit Brogaard
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Visual Experience ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Alternative Theories ◽  
The Way

We often communicate with each other about how the things we see visually appear to us when we want to achieve a goal like finding the perfect end table, deciding what to eat or issuing a warning. But what do we say when we talk about how things visually appear to us? Can our talk about appearances tell us anything about the nature of visual perception? In this book, the author delves into these questions, defending the view that in spite of all its imprecision, the language used to report on how things look provides important insight into the nature of visual perception. In chapters that explore the semantics of ‘appear’ words and the nature of the mental states they are used to express, she argues that considerations of how we talk and think about our experiences can help us establish that our visual experiences are akin to mental states, such as belief and desire, in being relations to contents, or propositions, that represent things and features in the perceiver’s environment. Along the way, she argues against alternative theories of what our talk about looks can tell us, including those of Chisholm, Jackson, Byrne, Johnston, Martin, Brewer, Travis, Siegel, Schellenberg, and Glüer. Finally, she examines how our talk about visual experience compares to our talk about how things sound, smell, taste and feel. This book is thus an extended defense of the view that experience in creatures like us is representational.

scholarly journals Enhancing and Conservation of Ecosystem through Philatelic Education in Europe: Think Green Concept (I) - Stamp Research Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-78
Author(s):  
Bogdan Cioruța ◽  
Alexandru Leonard Pop ◽  
Mirela Coman
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Ecological Education ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Registered Trademark ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
The Common ◽  
History Of Europe ◽  
Insight Into

Each year the members of PostEurop issue EUROPA stamps on a common theme. One new twist is that all stamp issuers in the PostEurop area are using the same motif. The 2016 year's theme was the environment. PostNord works actively to take environmental and sustainability responsibilities seriously and have set clear, measurable goals. EUROPA stamps are special stamps issued by European postal administrations and bears the official EUROPA logo, a PostEurop registered trademark under the aegis of PostEurop in which Europe is the central theme. EUROPA stamps underlines cooperation in the posts domain, taking into account promotion of thematic philately. They also build awareness of the common roots, culture and history of Europe and its common goals. As such, EUROPA stamp issues are among the most collected and most popular stamps in the world. Since the first issue in 1956, EUROPA stamps have been a tangible symbol of Europe’s desire for closer integration and cooperation. In 1993, PostEurop became responsible for issuing EUROPA stamps, so each year, philately working group selects the EUROPA stamp theme. “Think green!” was the 2016 theme. EUROPA stamps “Think green!” theme aimed to create awareness and give a wakeup call - its time to protect our environment for the better future of the coming generations, and to contribute to sustainable development. In this paper we propose an insight into the history of Europe preoccupations for nature protection and conservation, to bring into limelight the significant concerns in promoting ecological education via thematic issues (in this case, “Think green!” issues). In this context, for this study only, the main objective is to identify, index and describe the main philatelic pieces issued as EUROPA stamps, from the beginning of issuing in this field, and for the first half of the countries involved in the 2016 PostEurop's contest.

scholarly journals Psychic Trauma of Youngsters in R.K. Narayan’s The World of Nagaraj

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
Gabriel Karthick K
Keyword(s):  
Life Experiences ◽  
Real Life ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Deep Insight ◽  
Psychic Trauma ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Insight Into

The article examines the psychic trauma of youngsters during the crucial stage of their life. It gives a deep insight into the practical issues faced by youngsters, as explained by R.K. Narayan in his novel. It describes the complex transition of an adolescent mind into adulthood. The themes of the novel The World of Nagaraj are closely attached to real-life experiences of youngsters and also engross the psychology of young minds. The main objective is to analyze the common psychic issues of youngsters in the Indian context.

scholarly journals Gaining through Bereavement: A Comparative Study of the Literature of Bijan Najdi and Gabriel Garcia Marquez

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 478-486
Author(s):  
Zahra Sonia Barghani
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Gabriel Garcia Marquez ◽  
Ethical Values ◽  
Human History ◽  
The World ◽  
Actual Change ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
Insight Into

Abstract Throughout human history bereavement has always imposed its undeniable and inevitable impact on the life of those affected by it. Despite all discrepancies what can be considered the common ground in bereavement among all nations regardless of cultural, ideological, religious and ethical values is the fact that bereavement infuses an indispensable change into the lives of those encountering it. The comparative study of Burial and The Handsomest Drowned Man in the World by Iranian and Colombian authors, respectively, points out the unconventional reversed handling of bereavement which results in obtaining insight into the human capacity to mature. Both authors make their characters inseminate their barren lives with grief to produce a change which is drastic and flourishing in Gabriel Garcia Marquez and soothing and stabilizing in Bijan Najdi. Through the course of the stories the childless couple in Najdi and the villagers in Garcia Marquez are gradually exposed to the truth of their lives ironically by the corpses coming up their ways quite unexpectedly and learn to develop new identities, attaching themselves to and possessing the bodies. This comparative study sheds light on how the revelation they experience inculcates a joyful, fluid mobility in the villagers and stability in the couple’s life. The study of these texts reveals the absolute notion that the actual change originates from the world within and what lies in the world without is dead.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic characterization and evolution of the VP4 gene of P[9] rotaviruses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharnali Ahmed ◽  
Takaaki Yahiro ◽  
Nor Amalina Emran ◽  
Lia Natasha Amit ◽  
Hidekatsu Iha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
Phylogenetic Characterization ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Children Under 5

Abstract Objectives: Rotavirus is one of the major causes of gastroenteritis in children under 5 years of age and is responsible for over 200,000 deaths annually. Rotavirus can evolve by reassortment, in which gene segments are exchanged between strains of different origins. Rotavirus strains with the P[9] genotype is an example of reassortment, in which the P[9] genotype is from feline species. A number of outbreaks by P[9] strains have been documented in several countries. However, details regarding the epidemiological relationships between the strains remains largly unknown. Therefore, in the present study, genetic characterization and evolutionary analyses were perforemd to gain insight into P[9] strains circulating in different parts of the world. Results: The P[9] strains could be divided into five lineages, and that the common ancestor of currently circulating P[9] strains is around 168 years old. In each lineage, the strains were not only from different countries, but also from different continents. These findings suggest that none of the lineages has a specific region of distribution, and although humans have had interactions with cats for thousands of years, the ancestor of the current P[9] strain is relatively recent.

scholarly journals Enhancing and Conservation of Ecosystem through Philatelic Education in Europe: Think Green Concept (IV) - The Second Research Study on First-Day Covers

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-43
Author(s):  
Bogdan-Vasile Cioruța ◽  
Mirela Coman ◽  
Alexandru Leonard Pop
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
Heritage Conservation ◽  
Registered Trademark ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
The Common ◽  
Economical Development ◽  
History Of Europe ◽  
Insight Into

EUROPA stamps are special stamps issued by European postal administrations and bears the official EUROPA logo, a PostEurop registered trademark under the aegis of PostEurop in which Europe is the central theme. EUROPA stamps underline cooperation in the posts domain, taking into account the promotion of thematic philately. They also build awareness of the common roots, culture and history of Europe, and its common goals. As such, EUROPA stamp issues are among the most collected and most popular stamps in the world. Europa Stamps 2016 are very special stamps with the “Think Green” theme aimed to create awareness and give a wakeup call - its time to protect our environment for the better future of the new generations, and to contribute to socio-economical development. In this paper, we propose an insight into the history of European preoccupations for natural heritage conservation and for environmental protection and bring into the discussion only the significant concerns in promoting ecological educational via thematic issues (in this case, Think green! issues). In this context, the main objective was to identify, index, and describe the main philatelic pieces - in particular first-day covers - issued in European countries (starting with Italy and ending with the Vatican), from the beginning of issuing.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic and evolutionary analyses of the VP4 gene of P[9] rotaviruses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharnali Ahmed ◽  
Takaaki Yahiro ◽  
Nor Amalina Emran ◽  
Lia Natasha Amit ◽  
Hidekatsu Iha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Genetic Characterization ◽  
Specific Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Different Parts ◽  
Children Under 5

Abstract Objectives: Rotavirus is one of the major causes of gastroenteritis in children under 5 years of age and is responsible for over 200,000 deaths annually. Rotavirus can evolve by reassortment, in which gene segments are exchanged between strains of different origins. Rotavirus strains with the P[9] genotype is an example of reassortment, in which the P[9] genotype is from feline species. A number of outbreaks associated with P[9] strains have been documented in several countries. However, details regarding the epidemiological relationships between the strains remains largely unknown. Therefore, in the present study, genetic characterization and evolutionary analyses were performed to gain insight into P[9] strains circulating in different parts of the world. Results: The VP4 gene of the P[9] strains could be divided into six lineages, and P[9] strains characterized in this study share a common ancestor that circulated in circa 1864. In each lineage, the strains were not only from different countries, but also from different continents. These findings suggest that none of the lineages has a specific region of distribution, and although humans have had interactions with cats for thousands of years, the common ancestor of the VP4 gene of the current P[9] strains is relatively recent.

scholarly journals COVID-19: An Insight Into the Pandemic of a New Emerging Coronavirus

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Olusola A. Akanbi ◽  
Oluyinka O. Opaleye ◽  
Adekunle O. Olowe ◽  
Olusola Ojurongbe
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Wild Animal ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Public Health Threat ◽  
The Common ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Epidemiological Trends ◽  
Insight Into

Since Decem ber 2019, a novel Cor onavir us nam ed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been implicated in an outbreak of SARSlike illness, which began in a wild animal market of Wuhan in Hubei province of China and the World Health Organization (WHO) was alerted on the 31st December 2019 of this public health threat. On the 11th March 2020, the WHO announced that this disease termed COVID-19 has become pandemic, the first for any coronavirus. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that cause illness such as the common cold to more severe diseases such as SARS. To date, the virus has spread to over 100 countries, including 40 countries in Africa, including Nigeria. As at the time of this publication over 300,000 cases has been reported world-wide with over 14,000 deaths mostly from China and Italy. The Nigerian Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) has since put in place measures to contain and prevent the further spread of the virus. This review highlights the current situation and knowledge of the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 and its epidemiological trends.

Theatre-going in Rotterdam, 1802–1853. A Statistical Analysis of Ticket Sales

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-97
Author(s):  
Henk Gras ◽  
Philip Hams Franses
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Dutch Republic ◽  
Ticket Sales ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Insight Into

Today, Rotterdam is best known as the largest port in the world. Around 1800, although the second city in the Dutch Republic, it was still a minor trade centre. A group of its merchants built a standing theatre in 1773, which was sold in 1851 and largely demolished in 1853. The very rich archives of the stock-holders' company, which exploited this theatre, permit us an insight into the patterns of theatre-going in the first half of the nineteenth century, and the record helps test the common conjecture about the decline of the theatre in those decades.

scholarly journals Enhancing and Conservation of Ecosystem through Philatelic Education in Europe: Think Green Concept (III) - FDCs Research Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Bogdan Cioruța ◽  
Alexandru Leonard Pop ◽  
Mirela Coman
Keyword(s):  
Research Study ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Common Goals ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Common ◽  
History Of Europe ◽  
The One ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Working Method

EUROPA stamps are special stamps issued by European postal administrations and bears the official EUROPA logo, a PostEurop registered trademark under the aegis of PostEurop in which Europe is the central theme. EUROPA stamps underlines cooperation in the posts domain, taking into account promotion of thematic philately. They also build awareness of the common roots, culture and history of Europe and its common goals. As such, EUROPA stamps are among the most collected and most popular stamps in the world. Each year, PostEurop's Stamps & Philately Working Group selects the EUROPA stamp theme. Think green! was the 2016 theme and, also, the one on which we decided to focus our attention. In this paper we propose an insight into the actual history of Europe preoccupations for environmental protection and thematic philately, and bring into limelight the significant concerns in promoting ecological educational via thematic issues (Think green! stamps). The main objective, for the present work and for the next that will follow, is to identify, index and describe the first day covers (FDCs) issued in European countries, starting with Åland Islands postal administration issues and ending with ones from Isle of Man. Although the working method was the usual one, consisting of consulting databases and specialized catalogs and other documentation resources, addressed in numerous other studies that characterize our philatelic side, the results of the study did not cease to surprise us. The pieces that we managed to identify come to show us that, apart from the state discrepancies and the communication dysfunctions that exist between the different postal administrations of the world, a common issue (such as  the Think green! theme in this case) can be more than a good cultural ambassador. Of course, when we refer to the FDCs as a good ambassador, with an undeniable background in promoting the culture and values of a nation, we do not exaggerate in any form. The correspondence from that time, as well as the pieces themselves, as part of a philatelic collection, have by themselves a special significance, capturing the will for better, for the truth and for the beautiful.

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