Voice Control

Multivocality ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 159-176
Author(s):  
Katherine Meizel
Keyword(s):  
Singing Voice ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
American Cinema ◽  
Digital Sampling ◽  
Identity And Agency ◽  
Voice Control ◽  
A Site ◽  
Loss Of Voice

Chapter 7 discusses gendered political and personal implications of voice loss. It examines the loss of voice through and mediated by technology. First, it traces a history in American cinema and the shifting sociopolitical landscapes in which it has projected its visions and auditions, where the transformation of voices—especially women’s— can be heard clearly. The singing voice in cinema has moved from symbolizing the vulnerability of identity and its susceptibility to manipulation, to embodying the affirmation of identity as a site of individual agency. Outside of cinema, voice loss in singers is subject to discourses no less suffused with ideas about identity and agency. Second, the chapter explores the loss of voice that one singer experienced by selling her voice to a digital sampling library.

‘Qué barbaridad, son latinos y deberían saber español primero’: Language Ideology, Agency, and Heritage Language Insecurity across Immigrant Generations

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amelia Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Heritage Language ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Heritage Speakers ◽  
Language Identity ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Identity And Agency ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
First And Second Generation

Abstract This case study examines the consequences of community language attitudes and ideologies on later-generation heritage speakers through qualitative sociolinguistic and discourse analysis of 22 interviews with first- and second-generation Latinos of diverse backgrounds in a major US metropolitan area. The findings show that imposed deficit identities derived from ideologies of language purity, proficiency, and individual agency were misunderstood and stigmatized later-generation heritage speakers, leading to language insecurity and avoidance despite overtly positive attitudes toward Spanish maintenance. Results demonstrate the resilience of prescriptive/purist language attitudes and the tension inherent between these beliefs (albeit couched within positive heritage language attitudes) and speakers’ actual bilingualism. Further, they show that the ideologies of individual agency can paradoxically contribute to the imposition of deficit sociolinguistic identities on later-generation speakers and curtail their language use. The study renders visible connections between ideologies of language, identity, and agency and demonstrates how their reproduction within families and communities circumscribes later-generation heritage speakers’ linguistic identities and behavior.

scholarly journals Family honor, cultural norms and social networking: Strategic choices in the visual self-presentation of young Indian Muslim women

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Smeeta Mishra ◽  
Surhita Basu
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Family Expectations ◽  
Social Reputation ◽  
A Site

This study explores how young Indian Muslim women negotiate multiple influences while posting their own photographs on social networking sites. In depth interviews showed that these women made a strategic effort not to disrupt the social reputation of their families with the nature of their online visual presentations. While their photographs presented an opportunity for individual expression, they also became a site for simultaneous adherence to family expectations, religious norms and patriarchal constructions of femininity dominant in offline settings. Except three respondents who considered themselves outliers in their community, all emphasized the need to upload “nice” pictures on social networking sites that do not give off any signs of sexual assertiveness. Most respondents seemed to carry the responsibility of upholding the “honor” of their families, a requirement in their offline life, to digital settings as well. However, the respondents also managed to exercise a degree of personal choice and individual agency within the dominant framework aided by the privacy settings offered by social networking sites.

A Feminist Reading of Anderson's Speak

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Arsto Nasir Ahmed ◽  
Rebwar Zainalddin Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Judith Butler ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rape Victims ◽  
Simone De Beauvoir ◽  
Gender Performativity ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Patriarchal System ◽  
Second Sex ◽  
A Site

Laurie Halse Anderson’s Speak (1999) is her first landmark work addressing a social problem—rape—that is all too common to girls entering adolescence in the United States. This paper employs a feminist approach that presents the painful narrative of the rape victim and investigates the novel’s promotion of individual, resistant action within the oppressive social structure, achieved through what the postmodernist feminist Judith Butler calls “gender performativity”. It is this individual agency or subjectivity that enables the protagonist in Speak to overcome the adverse effects of rape, which is the product of a patriarchal system that regards females the second sex, to borrow the term by the French, feminist thinker Simone de Beauvoir. As such, Speak functions as a site of discursive resistance against such a patriarchal system by resisting some of the popularly held myths that discredit rape victims' narratives.

scholarly journals Examining family language policy through realist social theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Hadi Mirvahedi
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Family Language Policy ◽  
Linguistic Ideologies ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Structure And Agency ◽  
Family Language ◽  
A Site ◽  
Analytical Separation

ABSTRACT In this article, I argue that one social theory that could help us better understand the interaction between social structure and human agency in the context of family language policy (FLP) research is realist social theory. FLP studies in multilingual contexts have shown that home often becomes a site where dominant societal ideologies and discourses of structuring nature compete with individual views and agency, ultimately informing language behavior. Realist social theory advocates the analytical separation of structure and agency and attributes causal powers to both social structures and individual agency. This conceptualization of structure and agency prevents us from falling into structural determinism or individual voluntarism. Through examining the linguistic ideologies and practices of thirteen mothers of young children in Tabriz, Iran, I illustrate how family language policy emerges in interaction with and response to structural powers. (Family language policy, realist social theory, Iranian Azerbaijanis, agency, social structures, language maintenance)

scholarly journals The Invisible Hand Made Visible: "The Birth-Mark"

1993 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-73
Author(s):  
Cindy Weinstein
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Invisible Hand ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Authorial Identity ◽  
Industrial Labor ◽  
Aesthetic Ideology ◽  
Cultural Anxieties ◽  
Wealth Of Nations ◽  
A Site ◽  
The Invisible

Allegorical characters in Hawthorne's "The Birth-mark" function according to the logic of the market. Selves in this story are like territories that must continually be possessed and repossessed, and the birthmark becomes the site upon which characters fight one another for ownership, self-ownership, and identity. Aylmer views the circulations in Georgiana's bodily economy as signifying an independent self he wishes to control. The marked defines both the relations that characters have to each other and Hawthorne's own relation to his characters, especially Aylmer. Aylmer's desire to erase the birthmark figures his allegiance to the principles of the market economy, principles articulated in the famous invisible hand passage from Adam Smith's The Wealth of Nations. In contrast, the visibility of the birthmark functions as a sign of Hawthorne's literary labor and authorial identity. Hawthorne thus finds himself in the curious position of having created a character whose raison d'etre seems to be the erasure of Hawthorne's own identity. His competitive relation with Aylmer, however, is perfectly logical given that the competition of the market governs all relations in the story. Furthermore, the erasure of the birthmark needs to be read in the context of antebellum American aesthetic ideology. The literary taste that demanded the erasure of the signs of labor grew out of cultural anxieties about new forms of mechanized and specialized labor, and its perceived attack on individual agency. An aesthetic of invisible labor functioned to keep literature separate from the problematics of industrial labor and the developing market economy, and yet, in demanding that authorial agency remain absent, this aesthetic reproduced one of the most troublesome consequences of mechanized labor. Allegory in "The Birth-mark" is thus read as a site upon which authors and readers inscribe the changing relations between labor and identity.

Eels Under Standing Wave Conditions

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 492-495
Author(s):  
O.L. Krivanek ◽  
J. TaftØ
Keyword(s):  
Standing Wave ◽  
Wave Conditions ◽  
Set Up ◽  
A Site ◽  
Complex Crystal

It is well known that a standing electron wavefield can be set up in a crystal such that its intensity peaks at the atomic sites or between the sites or in the case of more complex crystal, at one or another type of a site. The effect is usually referred to as channelling but this term is not entirely appropriate; by analogy with the more established particle channelling, electrons would have to be described as channelling either through the channels or through the channel walls, depending on the diffraction conditions.

Head Size and DNA Content in Bacteriophage T4

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
Fred Eiserling ◽  
A. H. Doermann ◽  
Linde Boehner
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Dna Content ◽  
Bacteriophage T4 ◽  
Head Size ◽  
Virus Particles ◽  
Altered Protein ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Bacterial Viruses ◽  
A Site ◽  
Protein Shell

The control of form or shape inheritance can be approached by studying the morphogenesis of bacterial viruses. Shape variants of bacteriophage T4 with altered protein shell (capsid) size and nucleic acid (DNA) content have been found by electron microscopy, and a mutant (E920g in gene 66) controlling head size has been described. This mutant produces short-headed particles which contain 2/3 the normal DNA content and which are non-viable when only one particle infects a cell (Fig. 1).We report here the isolation of a new mutant (191c) which also appears to be in gene 66 but at a site distinct from E920g. The most striking phenotype of the mutant is the production of about 10% of the phage yield as “giant” virus particles, from 3 to 8 times longer than normal phage (Fig. 2).

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