Battling Demons to Propagate Reform
The chapter traces Sébastien Michaëlis’s efforts to reform the Order of Preachers (Dominicans) in the south of France and shows the close connection between these efforts and his participation in a notorious case of demonic possession. Michaëlis is usually viewed as a determined witch-hunter, whose pursuit of Louis Gaufridy resulted in the latter’s condemnation and execution for sorcery. This chapter contends, by contrast, that Michaëlis was not the mastermind behind the Gaufridy affair but rather was inadvertently caught up in it at a moment when both his reformed Dominicans and the two other reformed congregations involved in the affair—the Ursulines and Jean-Baptiste Romillion’s Priests of Christian Doctrine—were in crisis. Michaëlis wrote the Histoire admirable that recounted the alleged possession and exorcisms of the young Ursuline Madeleine de Demandols to reaffirm and publicize his vision of religious reform and in the hope of spreading his Dominican reform to Paris.