Long-term Cyclic Variations of Prominences, Green and Red Coronae over Solar Cycles

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Vojtech Rušin ◽  
Milan Minarovjech ◽  
Milan Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Emission Lines ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Green Line ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
The South ◽  
Coronal Emission ◽  
Local Maxima ◽  
The North ◽  
Cyclic Variations

AbstractLong-term cyclic variations in the distribution of prominences and intensities of green (530.3 nm) and red (637.4 nm) coronal emission lines over solar cycles 18–23 are presented. Polar prominence branches will reach the poles at different epochs in cycle 23: the north branch at the beginning in 2002 and the south branch a year later (2003), respectively. The local maxima of intensities in the green line show both poleward- and equatorward-migrating branches. The poleward branches will reach the poles around cycle maxima like prominences, while the equatorward branches show a duration of 18 years and will end in cycle minima (2007). The red corona shows mostly equatorward branches. The possibility that these branches begin to develop at high latitudes in the preceding cycles cannot be excluded.

scholarly journals Qualified temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen climatologies in a changing Adriatic Sea

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 331-390
Author(s):  
M. Lipizer ◽  
E. Partescano ◽  
A. Rabitti ◽  
A. Giorgetti ◽  
A. Crise
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Adriatic Sea ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Synthetic Temperature ◽  
Oxygen Utilisation ◽  
Oxygen Minimum

Abstract. An updated climatology, based on a comprehensive dataset (1911–2009) of temperature, salinity and dissolved oxygen, has been produced for the whole Adriatic Sea with the Variational Inverse Method using the DIVA software. Climatological maps were produced at 26 levels and validated with Ordinary Cross Validation and with real vs. synthetic Temperature–Salinity diagram intercomparison. The concept of Climatology–Observation Misfit (COM) has been introduced as an estimate of the physical variability associated with the climatological structures. In order to verify the temporal stability of the climatology, long-term variability has been investigated in the Mid Adriatic and the South Adriatic Pits, regarded as the most suitable records of possible long-term changes. Compared with previous climatologies, this study reveals a surface temperature rise (up to 2 °C), a clear deep dissolved oxygen minimum in the South Adriatic Gyre and a bottom summer oxygen minimum in the North Adriatic. Below 100 m all properties profoundly differ between the Middle and the South Adriatic. The South Adriatic Pit clearly shows the remote effects of the Eastern Mediterranean Transient, while no effect is observed in Middle Adriatic Pits. The deepest part of the South Adriatic seems now to be significantly saltier (+0.18 since the period 1911–1914, with an increase of +0.018 decade−1 since the late 1940s) and warmer (+0.54 °C since 1911–1914), even though a long-term temperature trend could not be statistically demonstrated. Conversely, the Middle Adriatic Pits present a long-term increase in apparent oxygen utilisation (+0.77 mL L−1 since 1911–1914, with a constant increase of +0.2 mL L−1 decade−1 after the 1970s).

scholarly journals Grand minima of solar activity during the last millennia

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (S286) ◽  
pp. 372-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya G. Usoskin ◽  
Sami K. Solanki ◽  
Gennady A. Kovaltsov
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Cosmogenic Isotope ◽  
Cyclic Variations ◽  
Grand Maximum ◽  
Grand Minima ◽  
Stellar Dynamo

AbstractIn this review we discuss the occurrence and statistical properties of Grand minima based on the available data covering the last millennia. In particular, we consider the historical record of sunspot numbers covering the last 400 years as well as records of cosmogenic isotopes in natural terrestrial archives, used to reconstruct solar activity for up to the last 11.5 millennia, i.e. throughout the Holocene. Using a reconstruction of solar activity from cosmogenic isotope data, we analyze statistics of the occurrence of Grand minima. We find that: the Sun spends about most of the time at moderate activity, 1/6 in a Grand minimum and some time also in a Grand maximum state; Occurrence of Grand minima is not a result of long-term cyclic variations but is defined by stochastic/chaotic processes; There is a tendency for Grand minima to cluster with the recurrence rate of roughly 2000-3000 years, with a weak ≈210-yr periodicity existing within the clusters. Grand minima occur of two different types: shorter than 100 years (Maunder-type) and long ≈150 years (Spörer-type). It is also discussed that solar cycles (most possibly not sunspots cycle) could exist during the Grand minima, perhaps with stretched length and asymmetric sunspot latitudinal distribution.These results set new observational constraints on long-term solar and stellar dynamo models.

MORPHODYNAMICS OF THE SHORES OF THE VISTULA SPIT (THE BALTIC SEA) IN A PERIOD OF 2002-2015 BY RESULTS OF IN-SITU MEASUREMENTS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Bobykina ◽  
Valentina Bobykina ◽  
Boris Chubarenko ◽  
Boris Chubarenko ◽  
Konstantin Karmanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erosion Rate ◽  
The South ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
The North ◽  
Quantitative Characteristics ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
First Time

For the first time, the quantitative characteristics of the Vistula Spit shore dynamics based on the ground-based monitoring data for 2002-2015 were presented. On the sea shore, 3 sections can be distinguished by the direction of coastal processes, i.e. the stable section to the north of the Strait of Baltiysk, the eroded 4-km section to the south of the Strait of Baltiysk, with maximum erosion rate up to 2 m/year; in the remaining area of the Spit (21 km) to the Polish border there is an alternation of stable, eroded and accumulative areas. Since 2011, a steady erosion (in the stable segments of the third section) and general weakening of the erosion rate (in the second section) have been recorded. 50% of the length of the lagoon shore was the subject to annual active erosion (0.2 - 1.4 m/year). The beaches of the sea and lagoon shores of the Vistula Spit were mainly composed of medium sands. The alongshore variability in particle size distribution on the sea and lagoon shores (according to the 2015 survey data) actually fail to correlate with long-term dynamic processes, with the exception of the steadily eroded 4-kilometer area on the sea coast to the south of the Strait of Baltiysk. Variations in the composition of sediment along the shore on the shoreline are most likely associated with the results of the latest wave processing (or storm processing and eolian transport in the case of an average beach sample).

Long-Term Interactions between Society and Ecology

2021 ◽  
pp. 107-148
Author(s):  
Tyler Franconi ◽  
Chris Gosden
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Roman Period ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Forested Landscapes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Human Use

The clearance history of England is reviewed looking first at what can be reconstructed of the patterns of forest and clearance across the country. A broad distinction is seen between more forested landscapes in the north and west, with greater clearance in the south and east. The forests of the north may have seen managed grazing, rather than being wild wood. From the start of the Roman period, the north was cleared as well, creating greater similarity across the country as a whole. We also look at the history of soil erosion, which is linked to clearance. We end by comparing two river basins—the Thames and the Eden—which have contrasting ecologies, topologies, and histories of human use.

Long-term cyclic variations of prominences, green and red coronae over solar cycles

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 201-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vojtech Rušin ◽  
Milan Minarovjech ◽  
Milan Rybanský
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cycles ◽  
Cyclic Variations

The India–China Confrontation: A View from Seawards

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-76
Author(s):  
Admiral (Retd) Arun Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Political Leadership ◽  
False Belief ◽  
The South ◽  
Strategic Objectives ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Actual Control

Most Indians assumed that India’s humiliating military defeat at China’s hands in 1962 had jolted its political leadership out of its complacency, engendered by naïve beliefs in the commonality of China’s and India’s aims and aspirations. The current tense confrontation between Indian and Chinese forces in the remote Himalayan wastes of Ladakh, climaxing in the June 2020 sanguinary clash, therefore, came as a rude re-awakening for the Indian public. It is now obvious that over the past three decades, India’s politico-diplomatic establishment has been lulled into the false belief that parleys and summit meetings could ensure peace and tranquillity across the undefined ‘line of actual control’. They also seem oblivious of the fact that growing naval pressure from the south, coupled with existing military pressure in the north, could have ominous security implications for India. Amidst the prevailing perplexity, this essay is a modest attempt to cast some light on the rationale and motivation behind China’s actions and its long-term strategic objectives with a focus on its grandiose maritime ambitions.

scholarly journals Reciprocal Garden Study Reveals Acute Spatial-Edaphic Adaptation for Cycas micronesica

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 237
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Marler
Keyword(s):  
Local Adaptation ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Stem Height ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Local Genotypes ◽  
North And South

A long-term reciprocal garden study was used to determine adaptive variation between Cycas micronesica K.D. Hill plants from north versus south Guam. Half-siblings from each location were planted as one-leaf seedlings in north and south gardens and monitored for 15 years. Stem height and diameter, and leaf number and maximum length were measured yearly. Survival and plant size traits were evaluated using a two-way factorial. In both locations, the local genotypes out-performed the foreign genotypes in terms of survival and growth. Survival of the foreign genotypes began to decline by year 4 and was less than 10% by year 15. Survival of the local genotypes was 70% for the north garden and 100% for the south garden. The north site was more hostile to plant performance because overall survival and plant growth were less than for the south site. The most likely environmental factor provoking local adaptation was highly contrasting soil characteristics between north and south Guam. The results indicates that long-term conservation success for C. micronesica and other cycad species must include the concept of local adaptation into decisions for transplantation and restoration projects.

scholarly journals NEW JETTIES FOR TUNG-KANG FISHING HARBOR, TAIWAN

1980 ◽  
Vol 1 (17) ◽  
pp. 133
Author(s):  
Chi-Fu Su
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
The South ◽  
Littoral Drift ◽  
The North ◽  
Study Planning ◽  
South West ◽  
South West Coast ◽  
Three Rivers ◽  
North And South

Tung-Kang Fishing Harbor, which is about 16 km to the south of Kaohsiung Harbor, is a river harbor on the south-west coast of Taiwan. This harbor is located at the estuary of the Niu-Pu River, which meets the Tung- Kang River and the Kao-Ping River on the north side, (see Fig. 1) The original north and south jetties were constructed in 1959. Because the entrance is located at the meeting of the three rivers and the water depth at the entrance is shallower than that in the breaking zone, the entrance is easily chocked with sand during the summer season when the south-west wind and waves are strong. Therefore, dredging is always necessary to maintain the required depth. On. the other hand, because of the increasing number of fishing boats and deeper draft, the port cannot function effectively. There-fore, how to keep the required water depth at the entrance and to obtain a wider and stable water basin is an urgent problem with this harbor. Based on the sounding of 1973, the littoral drift is mainly from the south. In the next year the construction of a 176 m long new south jetty was begun to protect the entrance and to facilitate the sedimentation study. In 1975, the Taiwan Fisheries Consultants was appointed to undertake the investigation and long-term planning work. This project includes littoral process study, planning, model test and design. Finally it is recommended that an adequate layout of south and north jetties can solve the problem of accretation of the harbor entrance. The purpose of this paper is to describe some aspects with emphasis on how to prevent the shoaling of the entrance channel located at the meeting of the rivers.

scholarly journals THE KEY FEATURES OF THE CURRENT CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE REPUBLIC OF BELARUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 22-41
Author(s):  
S.A. Lysenko ◽  
◽  
I.V. Buyakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Potential Evaporation ◽  
The South ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Sum Of Active Temperatures

This paper investigates spatial and temporal features of the climate change in the Republic of Belarus during the period from 1960 to 2019. To accomplish this, we used data on daily average surface air temperature and applied decomposing the time series of these data with singular-spectrum analysis. We analyzed the principal components and long-term average anomalies of average annual, winter and summer air temperatures, the number of frosty days in the cold season and the number of winter days with thaws, the duration and heat supply of the growing season, as well as the frequency and intensity of heat waves. We also estimated the rates of moving the annual sum of active temperatures and the duration of the growing season from the south to the north of Belarus as a result of global warming. The ERA5 reanalysis estimates the spatial and temporal changes in the balance between annual rainfall and potential evaporation from 1980 to 2019. The average annual air temperature in 2000-2019 is shown to be exceeded the long-term average of this value by 1.8° C. The annual sum of active temperatures moves northward at an average speed of 120 km in 10 years with acceleration. Over the past 20 years, the rate of this displacement has doubled in comparison with the period 1980-2000. The length of the growing season moves from the south to the north at a speed of about 110 km per 10 years. It is shown that an increase in potential evaporation due to air warming when slightly changing annual amount of precipitation leads to aridization of the climate of Belarus emitting a reduction in the duration of the cold period with a simultaneous increase in the number of thaws does not contribute to the replenishment of water reserves during snowmelt. Additional damage to forestry and agriculture might be caused by heat waves, the frequency of which for 2000-2019 increased by a factor of 4 compared to the previous 20-year period. Additional damage to forestry and agriculture might be caused by heat waves, which frequency during last 19 years increased by a factor of 4 compared to the previous 20 years.

Periodic Variation of the North-South Asymmetry of Solar Activity Phenomena

2000 ◽  
Vol 179 ◽  
pp. 173-176
Author(s):  
V. K. Verma
Keyword(s):  
Solar Activity ◽  
Periodic Variation ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Solar Cycles ◽  
The North ◽  
Sunspot Data ◽  
Flare Index ◽  
North And South ◽  
South Asymmetry

AbstractWe report here a study of various solar activity phenomena occurring in both north and south hemispheres of the Sun during solar cycles 8–23. In the study we have used sunspot data for the period 1832–1976, flare index data for the period 1936–1993, Hα flare data 1993–1998 and solar active prominences data for the period 1957–1998. Earlier Verma reported long-term cyclic period in N-S asymmetry and also that the N-S asymmetry of solar activity phenomena during solar cycles 21, 22, 23 and 24 will be south dominated and the N-S asymmetry will shift to north hemisphere in solar cycle 25. The present study shows that the N-S asymmetry during solar cycles 22 and 23 are southern dominated as suggested by Verma.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document