The organization of competition and non-competition in schools

Competition ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 162-175
Author(s):  
Søren Christensen ◽  
Hanne Knudsen
Keyword(s):  
Second Graders ◽  
Game Playing ◽  
Learning Paradigm ◽  
Danish School ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Intensity Of Competition

This chapter explores current ambivalences towards using competition between students as a means to intensify learning. The analysis builds on a case study from a Danish school where games are used to motivate second graders to maximize their learning. The current learning paradigm views the intensity of competition as desirable for motivational purposes. At the same time, the downsides of competition are seemingly avoided because there is no scarcity of prizes and therefore no losers. It becomes an open question whether game-playing is in fact competition or not. Individual students must therefore decide themselves whether competing is the most effective way of sustaining their learning. The analysis concludes that current ambivalences towards competition do not primarily stem from a care for cooperation and community but from a care for the individual’s maximized learning. Theoretically, the chapter introduces the notion of side-glance to understand competition as a form of observation.

Regulatory Schemes on Public Transport

2017 ◽  
Vol 2649 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente Huerta ◽  
Patricia Galilea
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Private Initiative ◽  
Route Design ◽  
Innovative Solutions ◽  
Payment Schemes ◽  
Innovative Capabilities ◽  
Urban Bus ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Optimal Tariff

Regulatory schemes have remained an open question about the implementation of an urban bus system. Because of the introduction of a higher private initiative within these systems, the expectation of increased patronage has not been met. Hence, studying the effect of regulation on innovation becomes the first objective of this research because innovative solutions may help to attract users. To fulfill that objective, an analysis of innovative capabilities was carried out. The aim was to understand the gap between potential and practical innovation on the authorities and operators. The second objective was to use theoretical modeling to find the effect of payment schemes on frequency and bus size. Both analyses used as a case study the experience of Transantiago in Santiago, Chile. Innovation proved to be dependent on the regulatory scheme in which an operation was framed. Both authorities and operators showed the existence of innovative capabilities dependent on the perceived incentives. Trusting cooperation was an aspect that might have encouraged some types of innovation, such as route design. Analytical solutions showed that as in the experience of Transantiago, supply-based payments provided higher frequency and smaller bus size than fixed payments. Finally, an optimal tariff gave incentives to the operators to provide socially optimal levels of frequency and bus size for a certain demand level.

scholarly journals BUILDING SURVEY AND ENERGY MODELLING: AN INNOVATIVE RESTORATION PROJECT FOR CASA DEL FASCIO IN COMO

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W11 ◽  
pp. 331-338
Author(s):  
A. Buda ◽  
S. Mauri
Keyword(s):  
Site Investigation ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Performance Simulation ◽  
Sustainable Building ◽  
Energy Modelling ◽  
Improvement Interventions ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Building Conservation

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Historic buildings are fragile systems to be managed and protected during time: in the task of heritage restoration, efficiency improvement interventions should enable a more sustainable building conservation and use. Such measures might be defined within the combination of building survey and energy performance simulation. A good knowledge of materials and physics characteristics is fundamental to weigh correctly any improvement intervention. This can be supported also by documentary research and diagnostics, to detect existing resources and conservation issues. However, how to match all collected qualitative and quantitative data with a building energy model is still an open question. Energy simulation alone gives a partial vision of heritage needs, excluding information which do not affect the thermal performance of the model; on the contrary, a whole building approach is necessary for defining restoration interventions. With the aim of suggesting a methodology to combine both fields of investigation, a case study has been chosen to our purpose: Giuseppe Terragni’s Casa del Fascio (1936). A multidisciplinary process with the combination of building survey, monitoring campaign, on-site investigation and energy modelling has been functional to the understanding of the real building needs and the definition of interventions. Furthermore, the analysis has given to the rediscover of Terragni’s microclimatic control system (not more existing), leading to the choice of reinventing - in a modern way – the existing devices (as curtains), well-balanced on building needs.</p>

scholarly journals Interprofessional collaboration in health promotion: changing tasks as leverage for innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Ledderer ◽  
M Christensen ◽  
V Burau
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Interprofessional Collaboration ◽  
Professional Practices ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Danish School ◽  
Home And School ◽  
Learning Focused

Abstract Background Increasing demand for interprofessional collaboration calls for change in organisational practice and interactions of professionals. Health promotion is a particularly interesting area for observing these changes, because it involves professionals with different disciplinary backgrounds usually also working in different sectors. In Denmark new health promotion strategies in organisations were introduced to engage professionals in new tasks and establish interprofessional ways of working. Our research aimed to explore how these strategies impact in professional practices, using a cookery project for children as a case study, which involved care assistants and school teachers. Methods A qualitative case study was conducted to investigate how care assistants from a nursing home and school teachers implemented a cookery project in a Danish school; the focus was on joint care and teaching situations among the two professions and their users. Our data consisted of documents, participatory observations, and interviews with professionals; a sociological institutional framework was applied to analyse the data. Results Institutional changes and the demand for joint care and teaching activities in the cooking project fostered new interprofessional collaboration. Three themes of new professional activities emerged: 1) ‘interplay’ related to making different generations collaborate on the tasks involved in the cookery session, 2) ‘care’ concerned with caregiving activities, and 3) ‘learning” focused on schooling on healthy food and cooking. The activities were related to traditional and new roles in professional practices of both groups. Conclusions Changes in professional practices evolved in an informal manner from new tasks and ‘lived’ experiences in the cookery project. The specific practical tasks of health promotion offer an important leverage for future interprofessional collaborations.

Pre-Service Computer Teachers as 3D Educational Game Designers

2009 ◽  
pp. 331-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahide Yildirim ◽  
Eylem Kilic
Keyword(s):  
Formative Evaluation ◽  
Educational Software ◽  
Educational Games ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
Second Graders ◽  
Educational Game ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Game Development ◽  
Teachers Perceptions

This chapter explores prospective computer teachers’ perceptions of and experiences in goal-based scenario (GBS) centered 3D educational game development process. Twenty-six pre-service computer teachers who enrolled in a Design, Development and Evaluation of Educational Software undergraduate course formed the sample of this case study, and they, in groups, developed GBS-centered 3D educational games. The data were collected through GBS evaluation checklists, interviews, and formative evaluations. The findings indicated that the pre-service teachers preferred GBS-centered educational games to traditional educational games. They declared that the most important feature of educational games was their contribution to motivation, attention, and retention. Although the majority of the groups developed their educational games in line with GBS, they had difficulty creating a realistic scenario and mission. Unlike what the literature indicates, one of the group’s formative evaluation results showed that while the second graders prefer realism, the sixth graders prefer more fantasy in the scenario.

An investigation of strength analysis metrics for game-playing programs: A case study in Chinese dark chess

ICGA Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chu-Hsuan Hsueh ◽  
I-Chen Wu ◽  
Tsan-sheng Hsu ◽  
Jr-Chang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Strength Analysis ◽  
Game Playing

scholarly journals Primary Students’ Emic Views of Reading Intervention: A Qualitative Case Study of Motivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-107
Author(s):  
Joy Dangora Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Reading Intervention ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Qualitative Case Study ◽  
First Graders ◽  
School Experiences ◽  
Second Graders ◽  
Motivation To Read ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Benefits And Costs

Although research indicates that motivation influences reading development and achievement, studies examining the motivation of primary-age readers are scarce and limited. Assuming school experiences play a role in shaping motivation, it is imperative that younger children’s motivation to read within the context of reading intervention programs be examined. This qualitative case study takes a step toward addressing the gap in the literature. The motivation and engagement of eight children identified as “at risk” for reading difficulties (four first graders and four second graders) specific to a pullout reading intervention program were investigated via researcher field notes and video logs, reading specialist engagement questionnaires and interviews, and participatory student interviews. Findings reveal that reports of engagement were mainly consistent with children’s preferences for doing reading in the classroom or in the intervention setting; however, children’s own perceptions were essential in understanding how the benefits and costs each associated with the intervention combined to influence motivation.

scholarly journals THE CHEMISTRY TEACHING AND THE HIGH SCHOOL STUDENT: A CASE STUDY IN THE STATE BASIC EDUCATION OF ESTEIO CITY, BRAZIL.

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (33) ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
V. de A. FRANCO ◽  
E. BEDIN
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Second Graders ◽  
Third Graders ◽  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Pedagogical Practice ◽  
Chemistry Teaching ◽  
Teaching Process

It is the constant object of discussion and reflection in the academic environment the students' difficulties in understanding the contents and concepts of the chemistry discipline in basic education and the pedagogical practice itself develop in a contextualized way. Considering this premise, this study aimed to investigate and understand the factors that hinder the teaching process of Chemistry in the 2nd and 3rd years of high school of a state public school in Esteio / RS, emphasize the methodology adopted by the teacher the active participation of students in the classroom and their relation with chemistry teaching. For this exploratory research, a qualitative and quantitative field study was conducted through on-site observation of 15 hours/class and subsequent application of a questionnaire to students. The data, interpreted and reflected based on the observation and authors of the area, were exposed through percentage charts, considering the total of respondents (15 students in the second graders and 8 students in the third graders in high school). At the end, the results of the analysis of the answers given by the students reveal aspects that indicate that there is a great nonconformity in the teaching process of this subject and an inconsistency in the pedagogical saying and doing, corroborating the current educational system, which is not consistent with an expressive learning in chemistry teaching, deserving a deep reflection. Therefore, the new teaching methodologies, as well as philosophical and epistemological theories, emerged in recent decades, still failed to bring about changes in the old pedagogical practices.

scholarly journals A Case Study on Development of International Trade Between India and Bhutan to Contain Unnecessary Advancement of China. An Emerging Issue in International Security and Global Politics

2021 ◽  
pp. 330-342
Author(s):  
Dr. Pradipta Mukhopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Business World ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Strategic Relationships ◽  
Intensity Of Competition

As the Society became more and more developed the world business environment also changed leading to the change in requirements for getting success, competitiveness and advancement of the economy. It has also been observed that because of the forces of globalization, increasing intensity of competition, rapid technological changes, demographic Changes, environmental challenges and changing value systems at work, building better, proper and strategic relationships with the stakeholders have become essential not just for competitiveness but also for survival of the business in the modern business world. In this paper we will study in details the advantages and disadvantages of India conducting International Trade with Bhutan and how it is important to contain the unnecessary advancement of china which is always detrimental to interests of both India and Bhutan. The present study has been exploratory, casual and empirical in nature and the data needed for research work has been collected by using both direct and indirect method of data collection.

scholarly journals Fordi det virker! - Hvordan ideen om evidensbaseret praksis er drivkraft for forandring af lærerprofessionen i folkeskolen

Politik ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Borch Rasmussen
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Evidence Based Practice ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
School Management ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Team Structure ◽  
What Works ◽  
Teaching Concept ◽  
Danish School

The idea of what works in evidence based practice is one of the driving forces behind the Danish school reform 2014. However, so far there is little empirical knowledge as to how the logic of “what works” is exercised in the Danish school system. To address this concern, the article investigates empirically, how “what works” is practiced as a steering logic in a public school management in a Danish municipality. In a case study, I show how school teachers are organized in a new team structure, with the purpose of supporting the use of an evidence based teaching concept, inspired by Hattie´s Visible Learning. The use of evidence based knowledge entails that that teachers no longer have the same degree of autonomy in the school organization. In a new team structure, teachers are to prepare teaching material collectively, observe and supervise colleagues. The school management legitimizes the organizational change of the schools in the municipality with the basic narrative of evidence based practice: that knowledge about what works, should inform teaching practices. By exploring the specificities of how evidence based practice operates as a steering logic, the case study contributes to a better understanding of how evidence based practice changes the teacher profession in Danish public schools. 

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