Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 215-226
Author(s):  
Esther Chung-Kim
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Community Formation ◽  
Poor Relief ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Religious Ideals ◽  
Political Persuasion

Religious reformers in sixteenth-century Europe were integral to the development and implementation of poor relief programs. They effectively utilized theological justification through writings, sermons, and strategic political persuasion to gain support and funding for social welfare. The reformers’ unique positions as ecclesiastical authorities allowed them to connect care for the poor with one’s practice of devotion to God and religious ideals of generosity and compassion. The establishment of these reforms emerged in the context of an expanding migration of religious refugees, who required relief but were at first poorly received by city residents. One of the key components of determining poor relief was the importance of community formation and the demarcations in the process of determining poor relief coverage. Ultimately, religious reformers served as a major driving force in the efforts toward poverty alleviation and community motivation in the care for the poor; and their efforts impacted the development of poor relief.

Poor Relief and Protestantism: The Evolution of Social Welfare in Sixteenth-Century Emden

2001 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Thomas Max Safley ◽  
Timothy G. Fehler
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Social Welfare ◽  
Poor Relief

THE DEVELOPMENT OF POOR RELIEF IN LANCASHIRE, c. 1598–1680

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 551-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONATHAN HEALEY
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
State Formation ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Early Modern England ◽  
Poor Relief ◽  
Poor Law ◽  
The Poor

ABSTRACTThe development of the poor law has formed a key element of recent discussions of ‘state formation’ in early modern England. There are, however, still few local studies of how formal poor relief, stipulated in the great Tudor statutes, was implemented on the ground. This article offers such a study, focusing on Lancashire, an economically marginal county, far from Westminster. It argues that the poor law developed in Lancashire surprisingly quickly in the early seventeenth century, despite the fact that there is almost no evidence of implementation of statutory relief before 1598, and formal relief mechanisms were essentially in place before the Civil War even if the numbers on relief remained small. After a brief hiatus during the conflict, the poor law was quickly revived in the 1650s. The role of the magistracy is emphasized as a crucial driving force, not just in the enforcement of the statutes, but also in setting relief policy. The thousands of petitions to JPs by paupers, parishes, and townships that survive in the county archives suggests that magistrates were crucial players in the ‘politics of the parish’.

scholarly journals PENANGGULANGAN KEMISKINAN MELALUI PUSAT KESEJAHTERAAN SOSIAL DALAM PERSPEKTIF PELAYANAN PUBLIK

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-84
Author(s):  
Abd. Rohman ◽  
Antonius Sukiman ◽  
Willy Trihardianto
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Administrative Services ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Social ◽  
Village Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
To Receive

Poverty is an urgent national problem and it requires systematic handling steps. This study had purpose to analyze poverty alleviation efforts through the Social Welfare Center (Puskesos) from the perspective of public services. This study used descriptive qualitative method. The data included primary and secondary data and the collecting data used interviews, observation and documentation. Informants determined by using purposive sampling. Data analysis used Miles & Huberman model, that's data reduction, presentation, making conclusions and verification. Validity of the data used triangulation techniques. The results showed that the implementation of Integrated Database services (BDT) through the Social Welfare Center (Puskesos) had run optimally. This is proven by good administrative services, goods, and servicing the poor society from the process of providing goods, preparation, to the proposals. This service implementation is supported and in collaboration with social strength at the RT / RW level, social cadres, employee and village facilitators. The management of mechanism and registration are done by giving information to the society about the programs, procedures, and requirements that must be completed. Then, This data becomes the government's reference for processing data verification and validation in determining the poor society who have a right to receive the facilities will be given. The obstacles of this implementation are services such as access to distant of part area, networks, BDT processor programs, and society's apathy in completing requirements. So, it needs commitment and principle of picking up the village government by involving social cadres and youth cadets who have been given training to provide assistance to the poor society.  Keywords: Poverty, social welfare, service

VAKIFAS INTENT AND PRACTICE: CHARITY AND POOR RELIEF IN TURKEY

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damla Isik
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Charitable Giving ◽  
Civil Society Organizations ◽  
Poor Relief ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Deserving Poor ◽  
Religious Ideals ◽  
To Receive

AbstractThrough ethnographic and archival research conducted in Istanbul and Izmir, this article examines the dynamics and regulation of charitable giving in contemporary Turkey. The article is based on interviews I conducted with the volunteers, employees, and aid recipients of three civil society organizations that rely on charitable giving to fund their projects, which center on helping the poor and providing aid during and after wars and other disasters. I document how religious ideals of anonymous charitable giving for the sake of giving, without expectation of return, are closely intertwined with anxiety over finding a worthy charitable association and recipient. In doing so, I focus onvakıfas both a concept and a practice that gives meaning to charitable giving in Turkey. The increasing desire to document, define, and categorize the deserving poor as a way to justify the intent to give and to receive goes against the anonymity and immediacy of giving, thus riddling intent with ethical contradictions. I argue that attention needs to be paid to the intent, practice, and various forms of giving, and not just to the effects and outcomes of charity.

Local responses to the poor in late medieval and Tudor England

1988 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie K. McIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Sixteenth Century ◽  
Public Assistance ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Poor Relief ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Late Medieval ◽  
Tudor England ◽  
Local Responses ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Deserving Poor

The leaders of English villages and towns between 1388 and 1598 accepted that deserving poor people, those unable to work to support themselves, warranted private and, if necessary, public assistance. Poverty was objectively mild in the century after the 1349 plague. Economic and demographic developments between c. 1465 and 1530 increased the number of poor people. Religious and political changes of the mid-sixteenth century forced individuals and parishes to assume virtually the entire burden of poor relief. Parliamentary legislation empowered local authorities to raise compulsory taxes for support of the poor. In Elizabeth's reign the problems of poverty intensified, forcing nearly all parishes to use taxation at least in bad years.

Advocating for Poor Relief in Zurich: Heinrich Bullinger's Contributions to Religious Ideals and Policy Reforms

2017 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Chung-Kim
Keyword(s):  
Biblical Interpretation ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
The Political ◽  
Poor Relief ◽  
Political Involvement ◽  
Policy Reforms ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Chief Minister ◽  
Religious Ideals

Despite the demarcations of the political and religious spheres, Heinrich Bullinger (1504–1575) considered the city's system of poor relief to be a pastoral concern. The chief minister of Zurich expected the wealth from confiscated church property to be used for communal needs and believed that the magistrates needed the ministers to guide them in poor relief reforms. This article demonstrates that Bullinger's biblical interpretation was not peripheral to his political activity, but rather central to his contributions to poor relief and to the justification of his political involvement in poor relief reform. More specifically, Bullinger's involvement in poor relief reform was a consistent development from his articulation of his theological views in the 1530s, applied to the Zurich context in the 1550s, and politically supported in the 1570s. An examination of Bullinger's biblical interpretation and scriptural references in his commentaries, sermons, and speeches reveals a consistent concern for the care of the poor from the early years of his career to the end of his ministry in Zurich.

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