Viktor Kel’ner, Shchit: M.M. Vinaver i evreiskii vopros v Rossii v kontse XIX–nachale XX veka (Shield: M.M. Vinaver and the Jewish Question in Russia at the End of the Nineteenth–Beginning of the Twentieth Century). St. Petersburg: Evreiskii Universitet v Sankt Peterburge. 508 pp.

2021 ◽  
pp. 294-296
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
Jewish Question ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Strategic Choices

This chapter focuses on Viktor Kel'ner's biography of M. M. Vinaver. Kel'ner makes several strategic choices that frame the biography. First and foremost is the focus on Vinaver and Russian society. Kel'ner's approach emerges from his belief that Vinaver's main contribution was the idea, in theory and praxis, that only by embracing Russian liberalism would Jews gain their rights. This viewpoint became a fundamental truth for Vinaver and was realized in his professional, political, and personal life, as well as in his lifelong attachment to the Kadet Party and its ideals. Fittingly, the biography hones in on Vinaver in Russian and Russian Jewish political life. His broad involvement in Jewish cultural and historical activities receives less attention. Ultimately, the book's focus on the Russian context offers a wide lens on the Russian Jewish intelligentsia as a whole.

A successful person, society and civic activism

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1800-1816
Author(s):  
G.B. Kozyreva ◽  
T.V. Morozova ◽  
R.V. Belaya
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
The Public ◽  
Civic Activism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
Person Model ◽  
Social Disparity

Subject. The article provides considerations on the formation and development of a successful person model in the modern Russian society. Objectives. The study is an attempt to model a successful person in the Russian society, when the ideological subsystem of the institutional matrix is changing. Methods. The study relies upon the theory of institutional matrices by S. Kirdina, theories of human and social capital. We focus on the assumption viewing a person as a carrier of social capital, which conveys a success, socio-economic position, social status, civic activism, doing good to your family and the public, confidence in people and association with your region. The empirical framework comprises data of the sociological survey of the Russian population in 2018. The data were processed through the factor analysis. Results. We devised a model of a successful person in today's Russian society, which reveals that a success, first of all, depends on the economic wellbeing and has little relation to civic activism. The potential involvement (intention, possibility, preparedness) in the social and political life significantly dominates the real engagement of people. The success has a frail correlation with constituents of the social capital, such as confidence in people and doing good to the public. Conclusions and Relevance. Based on the socio-economic wellbeing, that is consumption, the existing model of a successful person proves to be ineffective. The sustainability of socio-economic wellbeing seriously contributes to the social disparity of opportunities, which drive a contemporary Russian to a success in life.

The avant-garde’s visual arts in the context of Santayana’s idea of vital liberty

Human Affairs ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Skowroński
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Visual Arts ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Political Dimension ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Universe

AbstractIn the present paper, the author looks at the political dimension of some trends in the visual arts within twentieth-century avant-garde groups (cubism, expressionism, fauvism, Dada, abstractionism, surrealism) through George Santayana’s idea of vital liberty. Santayana accused the avant-gardists of social and political escapism, and of becoming unintentionally involved in secondary issues. In his view, the emphasis they placed on the medium (or diverse media) and on treating it as an aim in itself, not, as it should be, as a transmitter through which a stimulating relationship with the environment can be had, was accompanied by a focus on fragments of life and on parts of existence, and, on the other hand, by a de facto rejection of ontology and cosmology as being crucial to understanding life and the place of human beings in the universe. The avant-gardists became involved in political life by responding excessively to the events of the time, instead of to the everlasting problems that are the human lot.

scholarly journals Jews in the Post-Soviet Religious Space of Dagestan: Features and Problems in the National Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 95-101
Author(s):  
Olga B. Khalidova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Population ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Religious Revival ◽  
Central State ◽  
Migration Activity ◽  
Imperial Russia ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Modern Russian

There is ethnic revival in modern Russian society that makes us to comprehend the dynamics of ethno-confessional processes, including historical ones. After the collapse of state socialism and in the conditions of the unfolding dramatic process of transformations of the religious landscape, ethnic identification began serving to preserve the sociocultural specificity of an ethnic group. Based on this, one of the primary questions for us is the analysis of the influence of religious revival on the Jewish population of Dagestan and the identification of the totality of the features and problems of the Jewish population in the ethnoconfessional space of the national region. The so-called “Jewish issue”, which took place during the time of Imperial Russia, remained relevant for a sufficiently large Soviet period, and became topical in the post-Soviet period. The practical relevance of this issue is primarily associated with an increase in interethnic tension and xenophobia in modern Russian society. There is a problem of Jewish identification in the 1985–2000s in this article associated with the growth of migration processes among them. This process intensified after the adoption of the religious legislation of the 1990s. This study was conducted with using archival documents from the Central State Archive of the Republic of Dagestan. Author concludes that, despite the upheavals in the political life of our country and the growth of migration activity among the Jews of the republic, there was a religious identification with Judaism as part of the culture. In the compartment of features and problems associated with the Jewish population in the post-Soviet space, the author also points out the role of clergy, their interaction with authorities in solving pressing social problems.

Forms of Social Solidarity in Russia and the Soviet Union

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Hosking
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Power Structure ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Village

Traditional interpretations of Russian society rest on a contrast between Russian authoritarianism and the liberties of Western societies. According to these interpretations, Russia right up to the twentieth century was a ‘patrimonial monarchy’ in which there was no distinction between sovereignty and ownership, so that the tsar's subjects were literally his slaves. There is no denying the highly authoritarian nature of the Russian state, and, in its twentieth-century hypostasis, its unique capacity to penetrate and affect the lives of ordinary people. But the image of slavery is overdone and partly misleading. At the base of the Russian power structure throughout the tsarist centuries was the village commune. The basic concept underlying the functioning of the village commune was krugovaya poruka, literally ‘circular surety’, but perhaps better translated as ‘joint responsibility’. This chapter discusses forms of social solidarity in Russia and the Soviet Union, focusing on the enterprise and the communal apartment as twin arenas of the daily lives of the majority of the country's townspeople.

The Management Ethos

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-86
Author(s):  
Jason Blakely
Keyword(s):  
Gain Control ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Personal Life ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Self Help ◽  
Popular Book ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
Personal Level ◽  
Democratic Rule ◽  
Democratic Life

The pseudoscientific notion that humans are machines or computing robots has led to the spread of a manipulative way of being in both personal life and politics. This manipulative ethic is a “management ethos.” On the personal level, modern people increasingly try to gain control of their lives using a panoply of supposedly scientifically validated self-help methods and techniques. This chapter examines the influence of scientism on practices such as dating and efforts to enhance personal charisma. Many of these methods unwittingly turn courtship into a form of mass consumer shopping, replacing alternative ways of perceiving one’s deepest attachments. In political life, there has been a tremendous spread of technocratic forms of authority. Technocracy is a form of rule that replaces democratic rule by ordinary people with government by experts. Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein’s popular book Nudge is criticized as an example of technocracy and the management ethos usurping democratic life.

scholarly journals The Croatians in Sydney

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter F Lalich ◽  
Luka Budak
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Social Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Market Gardening ◽  
Historical Periods

Croatian settlement in Sydney has a dynamic history of arrivals, desertions, internment, collective departures, and a continuously rich social and political life although only several hundred Croatians lived in Sydney until 1949. At least 5,000 Croatians lived in Australia in 1947, mostly from the coastal region of Dalmatia, mainly from the Makarska area and the island of Korcula. They made up around 80 per cent of all migrants from what was then Yugoslavia and a majority among the approximately 425 ‘Yugoslavs’ who in lived in Sydney in that period. Many more arrived afterwards and at least 118,046 people in Australia, 33,930 in Sydney, were of Croatian ancestry in 2006.3 The experience of Croatians in Sydney is observed through two historical periods, linked by continuous market gardening in the northern suburbs of Mona Vale and Warriewood, and the western suburbs of Cabramatta and Blacktown. Inevitably, it must be understood against the background of the dramatic political and social events that Croatia and Croatians experienced over the twentieth century.

Karl Renner and the Politics of Accommodation: Moderation versus Revenge

1991 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 35-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Loewenberg
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
World War ◽  
Second Republic ◽  
Social Democrats ◽  
First Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Karl Renner's political life encompasses the history of Austria's empire and her two twentieth-century republics, making him the foremost leader of Austrian democratic politics. Renner was also the most innovative theoretician on the nationalities question which plagued the Habsburg monarchy and the twentieth-century world. He was chancellor of Austria's first republic, leader of the right-wing Social Democrats, and president of the post-World War II Second Republic. A study of his life and politics offers a perspective on the origins of the moderate, adaptive, political personality and on the tension between ideology and accommodation to the point where it is difficult to determine what core of principle remained.

Latin-American Political Parties and Ideologies: An Overview

1967 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-86
Author(s):  
Donald W. Bray
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Coup D'etat ◽  
Latin American Countries

In a majority of Latin-American countries the coup d'etat rather than the ballot is still the institutionalized mechanism for transferring political power. Some states, like Haiti and Paraguay, are clearly in the “prehistory” of modern political parties. Nevertheless, in the twentieth century the political party with a developed ideology has become a major feature of Latin-American political life.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document